Precise self-renewal of the germ cell lineage is fundamental to fertility and reproductive success. The early precursors for lineage, primordial cells (PGCs), survive proliferate in several embryonic locations during their migration gonad. By elucidating active signaling pathways migratory PGCs vivo, we were able create culture conditions that recapitulate this environment. In defined medium without feeder cells, growth factors FGF2, insulin, Activin A, through cognate-signaling pathways,...

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is defined as the age‐related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. While all humans lose with age, 2–5% elderly adults develop functional consequences (disabilities). The aim this study was to investigate myogenesis in healthy adults, or without sarcopenia, compared middle‐aged controls using both vivo vitro approaches explore potential biomarker causative molecular pathways associated sarcopenic versus non‐sarcopenic phenotypes during ageing. Methods...

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a promising source from which to derive distinct somatic cell types for in vitro or clinical use. Existent protocols hepatic differentiation of hiPSCs primarily based on 2D cultivation the cells. In present study, authors investigated generation hiPSC-derived hepatocyte-like using two different 3D culture systems: A scaffold-free microspheroid system and hollow-fiber perfusion bioreactor. The outcome these systems was compared with that...

Aging | doi:10.18632/aging.101006. Joanna Brzeszczyńska, Neil Johns, Alain Schilb, Simone Degen, Martin Ramon Langen, Annemie Schols, David J Glass, Ronenn Roubenoff, Carolyn A. Greig, Carsten Jacobi, Kenneth CH. Fearon, James Ross

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that have emerged as potential predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers, relevant to many pathophysiological conditions including limb immobilization, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, cachexia. Impaired musculoskeletal homeostasis leads distinct muscle atrophies. Understanding miRNA involvement in the molecular mechanisms underpinning such wasting may be critical developing new strategies improve patient management. powerful...

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is a neuroleptic drug and prototype compound used to study intrahepatic cholestasis. The exact mechanisms of CPZ induced cholestasis remain unclear. Rat hepatocytes, or sandwich culture rat human have been the most commonly models for studying toxicity in vitro. However, better predict outcomes pre-clinical trials where may be an unwanted consequence, vitro model, based on HepaRG cells, capable real-time, non-invasive label free monitoring, alongside molecular...

It has been suggested that the isolation of scalable populations limbal stem cells may lead to radical changes in ocular therapy. In particular, derivation and transplantation corneal from these result therapies providing clinical normality diseased or damaged cornea. Although feasible theory, lack donor material sufficient quantity quality currently limits such a strategy. A potential source could be derived pluripotent (PSCs). We developed an vitro serum-free differentiation model which...

The aim of this article is a presentation current knowledge regarding the changes plasma antioxidant capacity observed in response to physical exercise. Human body created enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems, which play protective role harmful impact free radicals. Those two systems constitute what known as total capacity. amount reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (NOS) combination with oxidation processes increases some tissues during physiological These are after single bout exercise...

The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in haemoglobin conformation and parameters related oxidative stress whole erythrocytes, membranes, plasma after a single bout exercise group young untrained men. Venous blood samples from eleven healthy males (age = 22 ± 2 years, BMI 23 2.5 kg/m ) were taken the antecubital vein before an incremental cycling test, immediately exercise, 1 hour exercise. Individual heart rate response 195 12 beats/min maximum wattage 292 27 W. Immediately...

The aim of this study was the investigation HSA properties and its structural changes after modification induced in vivo among patients with CRF who underwent haemodialysis. Application different fluorescent dyes allowed regions albumin molecule using ANS, bis-ANS, piren, piren maleimide fluorescein isothiocyanate. As markers oxidative modification, total protein thiol, carbonyls, glycosylated plasma proteins hydroperoxide were estimated plasma. Additionally, investigated viscosity...

Physical exercise was used as a model of the physiological modulator free radical production to examine effects exercise-induced oxidative modifications on physico-biochemical properties erythrocyte membrane. The aim our work investigate conformational changes membrane proteins, fluidity, and susceptibility disintegration. Venous blood taken before, immediately after, 1 h after an exhaustive incremental cycling test (30 W·min –1 ramp), performed by 11 healthy untrained males balanced diets...

What is the central question of this study? influence a single bout exercise on properties erythrocyte fractions at different ages? main finding and its importance? A in untrained men induced oxidative stress erythrocytes had an antioxidant defense these cells. Old were more sensitive to damage than young middle-aged Higher levels glutathione old did not protect them against stress. It seems that may promote removal from circulation. The objective study was establish role exercise-induced...

The aim of this study was to investigate erythrocytes rheological behaviour, membrane dynamics and susceptibility disintegration upon strong oxidative stress induced by dialysis or external H(2)O(2) among patients with CRF. EPR spectrometry used alterations in physical state cellular components. Generated ROS production induced: (1) significant increase fluidity CRF treated (p<0.005) at 60 min haemodialysis (p<0.05), (2) decrease cytoskeletal protein-protein interactions (3) osmotic...

Long-term preservation of corneal limbal epithelium may decrease its quality and change the molecular signature epithelial stem cells. In this study we have investi­gated profile isolated cells that been in storage for an extended time. Isolated were characterised by expression different cytokeratins markers squamous metaplasia (vimentin α‑actin). Furthermore, examined global adult including p63α ABCG2 but also Lgr5 as a novel cell marker. Immunocytochemical staining PCR analysis p63α,...

The effects of NO in its environment may vary considerably depending on various factors. This study shows oxidative mechanism cellular membrane alterations, which is not associated with triggering ONOOH generation but induced by pure NO. Our investigation examined the influence low concentration (0.1; 0.2 mmol/l) qualitative changes structure and dynamics erythrocyte membrane. causes a statistically significant increase fluidity different depths lipid bilayer that correlated lipids...

Gene expression analysis by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is routinely used in biomedical studies. The reproducibility and reliability of the data fundamentally depends on experimental design interpretation. Despite wide application this assay, there significant variation validation process gene from research laboratories. Since validity results appropriate normalisation, it crucial to select reference gene(s), where transcription selected unaffected setting. In...

The properties of red blood cell membranes in patients with chronic renal failure were investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Using spin traps, 5,5-dimethylpirroline-1 oxide and N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone, we found generation hydroxyl radicals the after 20 min regular hemodialysis. physical state membrane proteins osmotic fragility reductive cells studied. increase relative correlation time 4-(2-iodoacetamido)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1 oxyl indicates...

The subject of this study is the profitability an investment strategy focused on high dividend yield stocks from British stock market in years 1994 - 2007. We follow Filbeck and Visscher (1997), who analysed for companies listed at London Stock Exchange (LSE) 1984 to 1994, construct portfolios Top Ten highest yielding FTSE100 index, which are rebalanced annually until Our findings also a broader context economic significance, following studies McQueen, Shields Thorley (1997) (2003), by...

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves exercise tolerance and general function. However, its effects on blood plasma in cardiac patients remain uncertain. Our aim was to examine the effect of comprehensive CR oxidative stress parameters antioxidant status with coronary artery disease (CAD) after interventions. Exercise-based established as ergometer training, adjusted for individual patients' physical efficiency. Training repeated three times a week two months. The standard biochemical (total...