A5067774128- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Studies
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- RNA regulation and disease
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Hair Growth and Disorders
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
University of Naples Federico II
2019-2025
Federico II University Hospital
2021
Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology
2020
Background: Thyroid Hormones (THs) critically impact human cancer. Although endowed with both tumor-promoting and inhibiting effects in different cancer types, excess of THs has been linked to enhanced tumor growth progression. Breast depends on the interaction between bulk cells surrounding microenvironment which mesenchymal stem (MSCs) exert powerful pro-tumorigenic activities. Methods: Primary MSCs from healthy female donors were co-cultured DIO2 knock out (D2KO) wild type (WT) MCF7...
Abstract Epithelial tumor progression often involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We report that increased intracellular levels of thyroid hormone (TH) promote the EMT and malignant evolution squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. TH induces by transcriptionally up-regulating ZEB-1, mesenchymal genes metalloproteases suppresses E-cadherin expression. Accordingly, in human SCC, elevated D2 (the T3-producing enzyme) correlates with grade is associated an risk postsurgical relapse...
The Thyroid Hormone (TH) activating enzyme, type 2 Deiodinase (D2), is functionally required to elevate the TH concentration during cancer progression advanced stages. However, mechanisms regulating D2 expression in still remain poorly understood. Here, we show that cell stress sensor and tumor suppressor p53 silences expression, thereby lowering intracellular THs availability. Conversely, even partial loss of elevates D2/TH resulting stimulation increased fitness cells by boosting a...
Thyroid hormone (TH) is a key metabolic regulator that acts by coordinating short- and long-term energy needs. Accordingly, significant changes are observed depending on thyroid status. Although it established hyperthyroidism augments basal consumption, thus resulting in an enhanced state, the net effects cellular respiration generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) remain unclear. To elucidate augmented TH signal muscle cells, we generated doxycycline-inducible cell line which expression...
Skeletal muscle (SkM) lipid composition plays an essential role in physiological maintenance and exercise performance. Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate formation fuel energy utilization by modulating carbohydrates protein metabolism. The best-known effects of THs SkM include the promotion mitochondrial biogenesis, fiber-type switch from oxidative to glycolytic fibers, enhanced angiogenesis. To assess on lipidic we performed lipidomic analyses cells tissues, glucose tolerance experiments,...
Type 2 deiodinase (D2), encoded by DIO2 gene, catalyzes the activation of prohormone thyroxine (T4) into bioactive hormone triiodothyronine (T3) in peripheral tissues, thereby regulating intracellular Thyroid Hormone (TH) availability. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that a drastic increase TH, via D2, fosters tumor progression, metastasis, and immunity. To further prove clinical relevance D2 human cancer, based on public Database The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we conducted...
Skeletal muscle is a key energy-regulating organ, skilled in rapidly boosting the rate of energy production and substrate consumption following increased workload demand. The alteration skeletal metabolism directly associated with numerous pathologies disorders. Thyroid hormones (THs) their receptors (TRs, namely, TRα TRβ) exert pleiotropic functions almost all cells tissues. major THs-target tissue alterations THs levels have multiple influences on latter. However, biological role TRs...
Thyroid hormones (THs) are key metabolic regulators coordinating short- and long-term energy needs. In skeletal muscle, THs modulate metabolism in pathophysiological conditions. Indeed, hypo- hyperthyroidism leading causes of muscle weakness strength; however, the pathways underlying these effects still poorly understood. Using molecular, biochemical, isotope-tracing approaches combined with mass spectrometry denervation experiments, we find that regulate glutamine anaplerotic fluxes by...
Liver diseases affect millions of people worldwide. In most the cases, severe hepatic dysfunction and liver cancer stem from mild common clinical signs including steatosis, insulin resistance, inflammation, oxidative stress, all together referred to as Nonalcoholic Fatty Disease (NAFLD). Nutraceuticals endowed with antioxidant activity have been shown reduce NAFLD risk factors exert hepatoprotective effects. Here, we test protective effect exerted on by Taurisolo, a nutraceutical formulation...
Background: Thyroid hormones (THs) are key regulators of development, tissue differentiation, and maintenance metabolic balance in virtually every cell the body. Accordingly, severe alteration TH action during fetal life leads to permanent deficits humans. The skin is among few adult tissues expressing oncofetal protein type 3 deiodinase (D3), inactivating enzyme. Here, we demonstrate that D3 dynamically regulated epidermal ontogenesis. Methods: To investigate function a postdevelopmental...
Abstract Paternal eating habits, before and at conception, have a strong impact on offspring future metabolism. By sending specific epigenetic signals through spermatozoa, paternal nutrition influences developing embryos increases risk of dysmetabolism cardiovascular diseases. Among the intergenerational consequences, messages affect embryo DNA methylation altering programmed gene expression. The identification genetic loci that are epigenetically altered by stimuli is pivotal interest for...
Type 2 deiodinase (D2), the principal activator of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in target tissues, is expressed cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) during late tumorigenesis, and its repression attenuates invasiveness metastatic spread SCC. Although D2 plays multiple roles cancer progression, nothing known about mechanisms regulating cancer. To address this issue, we investigated putative upstream regulators keratinocyte carcinomas. We found that expression SCC cells positively...
Cancer angiogenesis is required to support energetic demand and metabolic stress, particularly during conditions of hypoxia. Coupled neo-vasculogenesis, cancer cells rewire programs sustain growth, survival long-term maintenance. Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling regulates growth differentiation in a variety cell types tissues, thus modulating hyper proliferative processes such as cancer. Herein, we report that TH coordinates global program reprogramming induces through up-regulation the VEGF-A...
The iodothyronine deiodinases constitute a family of three selenoenzymes regulating the intracellular metabolism Thyroid Hormones (THs, T4 and T3) impacting on several physiological processes, including energy metabolism, development cell differentiation. type 1, 2 3 (D1, D2, D3), are sensitive, rate-limiting components within TH axis, rapidly control action in conditions or disease. Notably, human pathologies characterized by deregulation (e.g., inflammation, osteoporosis, metabolic...
Thyroid hormones (THs) are key regulators of different biological processes. Their action involves genomic and non-genomic mechanisms, which together mediate the final effects TH in target tissues. However, proportion two processes their contribution to TH-mediated still poorly understood. Skeletal muscle is a classical tissue for TH, regulates strength contraction, as well energetic metabolism myofibers. Here we address skeletal cells by specifically silencing deiodinase Dio2 or β3-Integrin...
Peripheral nerve injuries lead to severe functional impairments and long recovery times, with limited effectiveness accessibility of current treatments. This has increased interest in natural bioactive compounds, such as ursolic acid (UA). Our study evaluated the effect an oleolyte rich UA from white grape pomace (WGPO) on neuronal regeneration mice induced sciatic resection, administered concurrently damage (the WGPO group) 10 days prior PRE-WGPO group). The experiment was monitored at...
Adipose tissue, particularly white adipose tissue (WAT), plays a central role in energy storage and metabolic regulation. Excess WAT, especially visceral fat, is strongly linked to disorders such as obesity type 2 diabetes. The browning of whereby fat cells acquire characteristics brown (BAT) with enhanced thermogenic capacity, represents promising strategy enhance health. In this study, we investigated the effects chronic supplementation an infusion based on lyophilized, thin nectarines...