Bacteria that produce inhibitory compounds on the surface of marine algae are thought to contribute defense host plant against colonization fouling organisms. However, number bacterial cells necessary defend is not known. Pseudoalteromonas tunicata and Phaeobacter sp. strain 2.10 (formerly Roseobacter gallaeciensis) bacteria often found in association with alga Ulva australis a range extracellular common P. biofilms cell densities ranging from 10(2) 10(8) cm(-2) were established polystyrene...

Host-pathogen interactions have been widely studied in humans and terrestrial plants, but are much less well explored marine systems. Here we show that a macroalga, Delisea pulchra, utilizes chemical defence - furanones to inhibit colonization infection by novel bacterial pathogen, Ruegeria sp. R11, R11 is temperature dependent. formed biofilms, invaded bleached furanone-free, not furanone-producing D. pulchra thalli, at high (24°C) low (19°C) temperatures. Bleaching commonly observed...

Chloroform (CF, CHCl(3)) is a recalcitrant and toxic environmental pollutant. In this communication we report for the first time microbial community capable of complete CF dechlorination by metabolic processes. Cultures derived from subsurface soil (3.5 m) could sustain at levels least 360 µM rate 40 per day. Scrutiny revealed two processes work. First, was respired to dichloromethane (DCM, CH(2) Cl(2)), which then fermented acetate, hydrogen carbon dioxide. Elevated partial pressures were...

Abstract Despite extensive efforts to address it, the vastness of uncharacterized ‘dark matter’ microbial genetic diversity can impact short-read sequencing based metagenomic studies. Population-specific biases in genomic reference databases further compound this problem. Leveraging advances hybrid assembly (using short and long reads) Hi-C technologies a cross-sectional survey, we deeply characterized 109 gut microbiomes from three ethnicities Singapore comprehensively reconstruct 4497...

Studying the gut microbes of marine fishes is an important part conservation as many fish species are increasingly threatened by extinction. The microbiota only a small fraction more than 32,000 known has been investigated. In this study we analysed intestinal digesta composition 50 different wild from tropical waters. Our results show that harbour distinct surrounding water and location, domestication status, host intrinsic factors strongly associated with composition. Furthermore, vast...

ABSTRACT High-quality draft genomes of six Salmonella enterica subspecies strains from Cambodian poultry marketplaces were sequenced. The identified as Corvallis-, Monschaui-, and Kentucky-serovars. fluoroquinolone resistance gene, qnrS, was found in three different provinces. These serve references for antibiotic genotypes.

ABSTRACT The microbiota composition of healthy farmed fishes remains poorly characterized for many species. This study explores the influence external environment and innate factors that may shape gut Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer . α-diversity based on Shannon, Simpson, Chao1 indices was lower reared in sea cages tanks than experienced a transfer from to tanks. Longitudinal analyses segments revealed no significant differences alpha diversity between within same containment type, except...

Marine heterotrophic bacteria in coastal waters respond to the influx of carbon from natural and anthropogenic sources. We identified two nearly identical, (99.9% average nucleotide identity; 100% amino acid same DNA G + C content 52.3 mol%) high-quality (≥99% CheckM completeness ≤ 1.3% contamination) draft metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs; SJ0813 SJ0972) seawater microbiomes a southern island Singapore that is protected marine park. The MAGs were only assigned Cellvibrionaceae family...

The lifelong relationship between microorganisms and hosts has a profound impact on the overall health physiology of holobiont. Microbiome composition throughout life span host remains largely understudied. Here, fecal microbiota conventionally raised C57BL/6J male mice was characterized almost entire adult span, from "maturing" (9 weeks) until "very old" (112 age. Our results suggest that changes occur but are more pronounced in maturing to middle-age than later life. Phylum-level analysis...

Three bacterial strains, C9, H5 and TLL-A3, were isolated from fecal pellets of conventionally raised C57BL/6J mice. Analysis 16S rRNA genes indicated that the strains belonged to Muribaculaceae, shared 91.6-99.9 % sequence identity with recently described Duncaniella muris DSM 103720T. Genome-sequencing isolates was performed compare average nucleotide identities (ANI) between strains. The ANI analysis revealed all highest D. 103720T, strain C9 being most similar (ANI: 98.0 %) followed by...

An anaerobic bacterial strain, named TLL-A4T, was isolated from fecal pellets of conventionally raised C57BL/6J mice. Analysis the 16S rRNA gene indicated that strain belongs to phylum Bacteroidetes and, more specifically, recently proposed Muribaculaceae (also known as S24-7 clade or Candidatus Homeothermaceae). Strain TLL-A4T's shared 92.8 % sequence identity with type only published species genus Muribaculum, Muribaculum intestinale DSM 28989T. Genome-sequencing TLL-A4T performed compare...

Abstract Genomes of two trichloroethene (TCE)-respiring Dehalococcoides ( Dhc ) mccartyi , strains MB and 11a, were sequenced to identify reductive dehalogenases (RDase) responsible for oraganohalide respiration. Transcription analyses conducted verify the roles RDase subunit A genes rdhA in chloroethene Some interesting features strain draft genome include a large size, CRISPR- cas type I systems 38 genes. Strain 11a has stream-lined with 11 genes, which nine are distinct. Quantitative...

Dietary changes are known to alter the composition of gut microbiome. However, it is less understood how repeatable and reversible these diet switches affect microbiota in various segments gastrointestinal tract. Here, a treatment group conventionally raised laboratory mice subjected two periods western (WD) interrupted by period standard (SD) same duration. Beta-diversity analyses show that diet-induced largely (

Microbial community compositions were determined for three soil horizons and drain sediments within an anthropogenically disturbed coastal acid sulfate landscape using 16S rRNA gene tagged 454 pyrosequencing. Diversity analyses problematic due to the high microbiological heterogeneity between each geochemical replicate. Taxonomic combined with measurements of metal(loid) bioaccessibility identified significant correlations genera (5% phylogenetic distance) abundances. A number positive...

1,2-Dichloroethane (DCA) is a problematic groundwater pollutant. Factors influencing the distribution and activities of DCA-degrading bacteria are not well understood, which has hampered their application for bioremediation. Here, we used quantitative PCR to investigate putative DCA-dehalogenating at DCA-impacted site in Sydney (Australia). The dehalogenase genes dhlA, tceA bvcA were detected all samples (n = 15), while vcrA was found 11/15 samples. 16S rRNA gene sequences specific...

A Desulfitobacterium sp. strain AusDCA of the Peptococcaceae family capable respiring 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) to ethene anaerobically with ethanol or hydrogen as electron donor at pH 5.0 optimal range between 6.5-7.5 was isolated from an acidic aquifer near Sydney, Australia. Strain is distant (94% nucleotide identity) its nearest phylogenetic neighbor, D. metallireducens, and could represent a new species. Reference gene-based quantification growth indicated doubling time 2 days in...

Methanogens are important hydrogen consumers in the gut and associated with differing host health. Here, we determine prevalence abundance of archaeal species guts a multi-ethnic cohort healthy Singapore residents.

ABSTRACT Environmental factors, probiotics and feed additives affect microbiota diversity in fish. Water temperature disrupts the composition of microbiota, with changes triggering stress immune responses In Singapore, water heat treatment is used to control prevent disease outbreaks farmed Although gut have been reported, little known about effects on fish skin dynamics. Over a 3-mo interval, we investigated dynamics associated practice commercial farm recirculating aquaculture system...

Environments contaminated with mixtures of chlorinated hydrocarbons represent a formidable challenge for bioremediation because biodegradation all components the mixture must be demonstrated. In this study soil site hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and perchloroethene (PCE) was investigated. Environmental parameters (including toxicity) microbial community composition were characterized. The lack scientific literature on HCBD led to attempts develop HCBD-respiring...

ABSTRACT The life-long relationship between microorganisms and hosts has a profound impact on the overall health physiology of holobiont. Changes in microbiome composition throughout lifespan host remain, however, largely understudied. In this study, fecal conventionally raised C57BL/6J mice was analyzed almost entire expected lifespan, from ‘maturing’ (9 weeks) until ‘very old’ age (112 weeks). Analysis alpha beta diversity suggests that gradual changes occur murine life but appear to be...