A5089718236- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Microbial infections and disease research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Ecology and biodiversity studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Burkholderia infections and melioidosis
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
2015-2025
United States Department of Agriculture
2012-2024
National Wildlife Research Center
2005-2024
Life Services (United States)
2002-2024
Rocky Mountain Research Station
2024
National Wildlife Health Center
2015-2021
United States Geological Survey
2021
Utah Department of Natural Resources
2021
Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
2021
Collins College
2021
Widespread human SARS-CoV-2 infections combined with human-wildlife interactions create the potential for reverse zoonosis from humans to wildlife. We targeted white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) serosurveillance based on evidence these have angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors high affinity SARS-CoV-2, are permissive infection, exhibit sustained viral shedding, can transmit conspecifics, social behavior, and be abundant near urban centers. evaluated 624 prepandemic postpandemic...
Feral swine (Sus scrofa) have been repeatedly introduced to locations around the world. Aided by both an adaptable biology and deliberate introductions people, range of invasive feral in United States has expanded from 17 38 states over past 30 years. The swine's generalist diet combined with high population densities can complicate efforts conserve threatened endangered species, losses crop damage livestock predation alone are estimated be more than $1 billion. In addition, a reservoir for...
Novel Eurasian lineage avian influenza A(H5N8) virus has spread rapidly and globally since January 2014. In December 2014, H5N8 reassortant H5N2 viruses were detected in wild birds Washington, USA, subsequently backyard birds. When they infect commercial poultry, these highly pathogenic pose substantial trade issues.
Abstract Prior to the emergence of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus, long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian (HPAI) outbreaks were restricted poultry, result cross‐species transmission precursor viruses from wild aquatic birds subsequently gained pathogenicity in domestic birds. Therefore, management agencies typically adopted a prevention, control, eradication strategy included strict biosecurity for bird production, isolation infected...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus with documented bi-directional transmission between people and animals. Transmission of from humans to free-ranging white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) poses unique public health risk due the potential for reservoir establishment where variants may persist evolve. We collected 8,830 respiratory samples across Washington, D.C. 26 states in United States November 2021 April 2022. obtained 391 sequences identified 34 Pango lineages including...
Abstract The zoonotic origin of the COVID-19 pandemic virus highlights need to fill vast gaps in our knowledge SARS-CoV-2 ecology and evolution non-human hosts. Here, we detected that was introduced from humans into white-tailed deer more than 30 times Ohio, USA during November 2021-March 2022. Subsequently, deer-to-deer transmission persisted for 2–8 months, disseminating across hundreds kilometers. Newly developed Bayesian phylogenetic methods quantified how is not only three-times faster...
Asian highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) viruses spread into North America in 2014 during autumn bird migration. Complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 32 H5 identified novel H5N1, H5N2, H5N8 that emerged late through reassortment with American low-pathogenicity viruses.
Significance In 2016/2017, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the subtype H5 spilled over into wild birds and caused largest known HPAI epidemic in Europe, affecting poultry birds. During its spread, frequently exchanged genetic material (reassortment) with cocirculating low-pathogenic viruses. To determine where when these reassortments occurred, we analyzed Eurasian viruses identified a large set reassortants. We found that new likely came from across their migratory range...
Abstract In August 2020, outbreaks of coronavirus disease were confirmed on mink farms in Utah, USA. We surveyed mammals captured and around for evidence infection or exposure. Free-ranging mink, presumed domestic escapees, exhibited high antibody titers, suggesting a potential severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 transmission pathway to native wildlife.
Abstract A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus belonging to the H5 clade 2.3.4.4 variant viruses was detected in North America late 2014. Motivated by identification of these domestic poultry Canada, an intensive study initiated conduct surveillance wild birds Pacific Flyway United States. total 4,729 hunter-harvested were sampled and 1.3% (n = 63). Three subtypes isolated from birds, H5N2, H5N8, H5N1, representing wholly Eurasian lineage H5N8 two reassortant viruses. Testing 150...
The host tropism expansion of SARS-CoV-2 raises concern for the potential risk reverse-zoonotic transmission emerging variants into rodent species, including wild rat species. In this study, we present both genetic and serological evidence exposure to New York City population, these viruses may be linked that were circulating during early stages pandemic.
H9N2 influenza A viruses have become established worldwide in terrestrial poultry and wild birds, are occasionally transmitted to mammals including humans pigs. To comprehensively elucidate the genetic evolutionary characteristics of viruses, we performed a large-scale sequence analysis 571 viral genomes from NCBI Influenza Virus Resource Database, representing spectrum isolated 1966 2009. Our study provides panoramic framework for better understanding genesis evolution describing history...
Avian influenza is a viral disease that primarily infects wild and domestic birds, but it also can be transmitted to variety of mammals. In 2006, the United States America Departments Agriculture Interior designed large-scale, interagency surveillance effort sought determine if highly pathogenic avian viruses were present in bird populations within America. This program, combined with Canadian Mexican programs, represented largest, coordinated wildlife program ever implemented. Here we...
Abstract Influenza D virus (IDV) has been identified in domestic cattle, swine, camelid, and small ruminant populations across North America, Europe, Asia, South Africa. Our study investigated seroprevalence transmissibility of IDV feral swine. During 2012–2013, we evaluated swine 4 US states; 256 tested, 57 (19.1%) were seropositive. Among 96 archived influenza A virus–seropositive samples collected from 16 states during 2010–2013, 41 (42.7%) Infection studies demonstrated that...
Abstract In November 2014, a Eurasian strain H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in poultry Canada. Introduced viruses were soon the United States and within six months had spread to 21 states with more than 48 million affected. an effort study potential mechanisms of H5 virus, Department Agriculture coordinated several epidemiologic investigations at farms. As part those efforts, we sampled synanthropic birds mammals five infected uninfected farms northwest Iowa for...
Haemaphysalis longicornis, the Asian longhorned tick (ALT), is native to eastern Asia, but it has become invasive in several countries, including Australia, New Zealand and recently United States (US). To identify wild mammal avian host species US, we conducted active wildlife surveillance two states with known ALT infestations (Virginia Jersey). In addition, environmental surveys both states. These efforts resulted detection of 51 ALT-infested individuals from seven species, raccoon...
While SARS-CoV-2 has sporadically infected a wide range of animal species worldwide1, the virus been repeatedly and frequently detected in white-tailed deer North America2â€"7. The zoonotic origins this pandemic highlight need to fill vast gaps our knowledge ecology evolution non-human hosts. Here, we was introduced from humans into more than 30 times Ohio, USA during November 2021-March 2022. Subsequently, deer-to-deer transmission persisted for 2-8 months, which disseminated across...
Abstract Broad-scale data show SARS-CoV-2 occurrence in white-tailed deer throughout much of their range the conterminous United States and reinforce findings considerable infection exposure. Results shed light on both current infections prior exposure, with prevalence decreasing over time seroprevalence increasing. One-Sentence Summary White-tailed are infected with, have been exposed to, US.
Although pseudorabies virus can affect a wide range of mammalian and avian hosts, swine are the only natural hosts virus. The US commercial industry obtained pseudorabies-free status in 2004, which was important because economic value domestic production; however, feral remain competent represent constant threat for reintroducing into industry. To better assess infection status, we collected 8,498 serum samples from across United States between 1 October 2009 30 September 2012. Of these, 18%...
Wild-bird origin influenza A viruses (IAVs or avian influenza) have led to sporadic outbreaks among domestic poultry in the United States and Canada, resulting economic losses through implementation of costly containment practices destruction birds. We used evolutionary analyses virus sequence data determine that 78 H5 low-pathogenic (LPAIVs) isolated from Canada during 2001 2017 resulted 18 independent introductions wild Within wild-bird reservoir, hemagglutinin gene segments LPAIVs exist...
Abstract Widespread human SARS-CoV-2 infections combined with human-wildlife interactions create the potential for reverse zoonosis from humans to wildlife. We targeted white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) serosurveillance based on evidence these have ACE2 receptors high affinity SARS-CoV-2, are permissive infection, exhibit sustained viral shedding, can transmit conspecifics, and be abundant near urban centers. evaluated 624 pre- post-pandemic serum samples wild four U.S. states...