Muscle mass decreases with age, leading to "sarcopenia, " or low relative muscle mass, in elderly people. Sarcopenia is believed be associated metabolic, physiologic, and functional impairments disability. Methods of estimating the prevalence sarcopenia its risks populations are lacking. Data from a population-based survey 883 Hispanic non-Hispanic white men women living New Mexico (the Elder Health Survey, 1993–1995) were analyzed develop method for sarcopenia. An anthropometric equation...

OBJECTIVES: To establish the prevalence of sarcopenia in older Americans and to test hypothesis that is related functional impairment physical disability persons. DESIGN: Cross‐sectional survey. SETTING: Nationally representative cross‐sectional survey using data from Third National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). PARTICIPANTS: Fourteen thousand eight hundred eighteen adult NHANES III participants aged 18 older. MEASUREMENTS: The presence relationship between were examined...

We employed a whole body magnetic resonance imaging protocol to examine the influence of age, gender, weight, and height on skeletal muscle (SM) mass distribution in large heterogeneous sample 468 men women. Men had significantly ( P < 0.001) more SM comparison women both absolute terms (33.0 vs. 21.0 kg) relative (38.4 30.6%). The gender differences were greater upper (40%) than lower (33%) 0.01). observed reduction starting third decade; however, noticeable decrease was not until end...

<h3>Background</h3> The metabolic syndrome is an important cluster of coronary heart disease risk factors with common insulin resistance. extent to which the associated demographic and potentially modifiable lifestyle in US population unknown. <h3>Methods</h3> Metabolic syndrome–associated prevalence, as defined by Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, were evaluated a representative sample 3305 black, 3477 Mexican American, 5581 white men nonpregnant or lactating women aged 20 years older who...

A single abdominal cross-sectional computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance image is often obtained in studies examining adipose tissue (AT) distribution. An might also provide additional useful information on total body skeletal muscle (SM) AT volumes with related physiological insights. We therefore investigated the relationships between SM areas from images component a large diverse sample of healthy adult subjects. Total were derived by whole multislice imaging 123 men [age...

This study tested the hypothesis that body mass index (BMI) is representative of fatness independent age, sex, and ethnicity. Between 1986 1992, authors studied a total 202 black 504 white men women who resided in or near New York City, were ages 20–94 years, had BMIs 18–35 kg/m2. Total fat, expressed as percentage weight (BF%), was assessed using four-compartment composition model does not rely on assumptions known to be ethnicity dependent. Statistically significant age dependencies...

The purpose of this study was to develop and cross-validate predictive equations for estimating skeletal muscle (SM) mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Whole body SM mass, determined by magnetic resonance imaging, compared with BIA measurements in a multiethnic sample 388 men women, aged 18–86 yr, at two different laboratories. Within each laboratory, predicting from were derived the data Caucasian subjects. These then applied subjects other laboratory method. Because...

Some obese subjects repeatedly fail to lose weight even though they report restricting their caloric intake less than 1200 kcal per day. We studied two explanations for this apparent resistance diet — low total energy expenditure and underreporting of in 224 consecutive presenting treatment. Group 1 consisted nine women one man with a history whom we evaluated its main thermogenic components actual 14 days by indirect calorimetry analysis body composition. 2, subgroups which served as...

Depriving healthy subjects of sleep has been shown to acutely increase blood pressure and sympathetic nervous system activity. Prolonged short durations could lead hypertension through extended exposure raised 24-hour heart rate, elevated activity, increased salt retention. Such forces structural adaptations the entrainment cardiovascular operate at an equilibrium. Sleep disorders are associated with disease, but we not aware any published prospective population studies that have a link...

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that youths with obesity, when removed from structured school activities and confined their homes during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, will display unfavorable trends in lifestyle behaviors.The sample included 41 children adolescents obesity participating a longitudinal observational located Verona, Italy. Lifestyle information including diet, activity, sleep behaviors collected at baseline 3 weeks into national lockdown which home...

Gallagher, Dympna, Marjolein Visser, Ronald E. De Meersman, Dennis Sepúlveda, Richard N. Baumgartner, Pierson, Tamara Harris, and Steven B. Heymsfield. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: effects of age, gender, ethnicity. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(1): 229–239, 1997.—This study tested the hypothesis that mass is reduced in elderly women men after adjustment first for stature body weight. The was evaluated by estimating appendicular with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry a healthy adult cohort. A...

increasing number of Americans, 1 poses a therapeutic challenge to the clinician.Conventional nonpharmacological interventions based on diet and exercise have limited long-term success in producing sustained weight loss. 2,3Obesity induces multiple metabolic abnormalities that contribute pathogenesis diabetes mellitus cardiovascular disease 4,5 is associated with increased morbidity mortality risk. 6,7A need therefore exists for new effective tools.A potentially promising approach induction...

In 2008 the National Center for Health Statistics released a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) whole body dataset from NHANES population-based sample acquired with modern fan beam scanners in 15 counties across United States 1999 through 2004. The was partitioned by gender and ethnicity DXA measures of %fat, fat mass/height(2), lean appendicular %fat trunk/%fat legs ratio, trunk/limb mass ratio fat, bone mineral content (BMC) density (BMD) were analyzed to provide reference values...

Sleep deprivation has been hypothesized to contribute toward obesity by decreasing leptin, increasing ghrelin, and compromising insulin sensitivity. This study examines cross-sectional longitudinal data from a large United States sample determine whether sleep duration is associated with weight gain.Longitudinal analyses of the 1982-1984, 1987, 1992 NHANES I Followup Studies analysis 1982-1984 study.Probability civilian noninstitutionalized population States.Sample sizes 9,588 for analyses,...

Circulating concentrations of leptin ([leptin]) vary directly with body mass index and percentage fat, may thus constitute an afferent limb a system regulating fatness. We tested the hypotheses that: 1) Plasma [leptin] more absolute fat than fractional fatness per se: 2). The relationship between is significantly affected by gender menopausal status. [Leptin] in post-absorptive state was examined 67 subjects (26 male, 20 premenopausal female, 21 postmenopausal females; 43 never-obese, 24...