A5032518609- Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Bladder and Urothelial Cancer Treatments
- Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Testicular diseases and treatments
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Bone health and treatments
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Urinary and Genital Oncology Studies
- Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Cancer survivorship and care
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Cancer Treatment and Pharmacology
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
Cardiff University
2015-2024
Velindre Cancer Centre
2013-2023
University Hospital of Wales
1997-2023
Indiana University School of Medicine
2014-2023
International Institute for Strategic Studies
2021
Indiana University Bloomington
2021
George Mason University
2021
Velindre NHS Trust
2008-2018
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2018
University College Dublin
2017
The comparative effectiveness of treatments for prostate cancer that is detected by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing remains uncertain.
BackgroundLong-term hormone therapy has been the standard of care for advanced prostate cancer since 1940s. STAMPEDE is a randomised controlled trial using multiarm, multistage platform design. It recruits men with high-risk, locally advanced, metastatic or recurrent who are starting first-line long-term therapy. We report primary survival results three research comparisons testing addition zoledronic acid, docetaxel, their combination to versus alone.MethodsStandard was at least 2 years;...
Abiraterone acetate plus prednisolone improves survival in men with relapsed prostate cancer. We assessed the effect of this combination starting long-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), using a multigroup, multistage trial design.
Robust data on patient-reported outcome measures comparing treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer are lacking. We investigated the effects of active monitoring, radical prostatectomy, and radiotherapy with hormones outcomes.
BackgroundBased on previous findings, we hypothesised that radiotherapy to the prostate would improve overall survival in men with metastatic cancer, and benefit be greatest patients a low burden. We aimed compare standard of care for without radiotherapy.MethodsWe did randomised controlled phase 3 trial at 117 hospitals Switzerland UK. Eligible had newly diagnosed cancer. randomly allocated open-label 1:1 ratio (control group) or (radiotherapy group). Randomisation was stratified by...
There is a growing interest in the cell-cell communication roles cancer mediated by secreted vesicles termed exosomes. In this study, we examined whether exosomes produced cells could transmit information to normal stromal fibroblasts and trigger cellular response. We found that some cancer-derived elevated α-smooth muscle actin expression other changes consistent with process of fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts. show TGF-β expressed at exosome surface association transmembrane...
Abstract NKG2D is an activating receptor for NK, NKT, CD8+, and γδ+ T cells, whose aberrant loss in cancer a key mechanism of immune evasion. Soluble ligands growth factors, such as TGFβ1 emanating from tumors, are mechanisms down-regulating expression. Cancers thereby impair the capacity lymphocytes to recognize destroy them. In this study, we show that exosomes derived cells express TGFβ1, investigate impact on CD8+ NK cell expression NKG2D-dependent functions. Exosomes produced by various...
Abstract Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles, secreted by normal and neoplastic cells. The outcome following interaction between the cellular immune system cancer-derived exosomes is not well understood. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) a key factor supporting expansion differentiation of CTL natural killer (NK) cells but can also support regulatory T their suppressive functions. Our study examined whether tumor-derived could modify lymphocyte IL-2 responses. Proliferation healthy donor peripheral...
Extracellular adenosine is elevated in cancer tissue, and it negatively regulates local immune responses. Adenosine production from extracellular ATP has attracted attention as a mechanism of regulatory T cell-mediated regulation. In this study, we examined whether small vesicles secreted by cells, called exosomes, contribute to hence modulate effector cells indirectly. We found exosomes diverse cell types exhibit potent ATP- 5'AMP-phosphohydrolytic activity, partly attributed exosomally...
Sex hormones appear to play a pivotal role in determining cardiovascular risk. Androgen deprivation therapy for males with prostate cancer results hypogonadal state that may have important, but as yet undetermined, effects on the vasculature. We studied of androgen large artery stiffness 22 patients (mean age, 67 +/- 8 yr) over 6-month period. Arterial was assessed using pulse-wave analysis, technique measures peripheral arterial pressure waveforms and generates corresponding central aortic...
Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles secreted by a diverse range of live cells that probably have physiological roles in modulating cellular immunity. The extracellular factors regulate the quantity and phenotype exosomes produced poorly understood, properties dictate their immune functions not yet clear. We investigated effect stress on B-lymphoblastoid cell lines. Under steady-state conditions, were positive for hsp27, hsc70, hsp70 hsp90, other recognised exosome markers such as MHC class...
Between 1999 and 2009 in the United Kingdom, 82,429 men between 50 69 years of age received a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. Localized prostate cancer was diagnosed 2664 men. Of these men, 1643 were enrolled trial to evaluate effectiveness treatments, with 545 randomly assigned receive active monitoring, 553 undergo prostatectomy, radiotherapy.