A5038202532- Digital Innovation in Industries
- Natural Language Processing Techniques
- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physics and Engineering Research Articles
- Public Administration and Political Analysis
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Corporate Governance and Management
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- AI in cancer detection
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- German Literature and Culture Studies
- Text Readability and Simplification
- Topic Modeling
- Literature and Cultural Memory
- Multilingual Education and Policy
- Digital Humanities and Scholarship
- American Constitutional Law and Politics
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
LMU Klinikum
2023-2024
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
2000-2024
Munich Center for Machine Learning
2023-2024
Northumbria University
2024
Heidelberg University
2013-2024
German Cancer Research Center
2021-2024
European Astronaut Centre
2021-2023
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
2023
Kiel University
2023
European Space Agency
2021
Abstract Objectives To assess the quality of simplified radiology reports generated with large language model (LLM) ChatGPT and to discuss challenges chances ChatGPT-like LLMs for medical text simplification. Methods In this exploratory case study, a radiologist created three fictitious which we by prompting “Explain report child using simple language.” questionnaire, tasked 15 radiologists rate respect their factual correctness, completeness, potential harm patients. We used Likert scale...
While global patterns of human genetic diversity are increasingly well characterized, the languages remains less systematically described. Here, we outline Grambank database. With over 400,000 data points and 2400 languages, is largest comparative grammatical database available. The comprehensiveness allows us to quantify relative effects genealogical inheritance geographic proximity on structural world's evaluate constraints linguistic diversity, identify most unusual languages. An analysis...
ABSTRACT The vitamin E analog α‐tocopheryl succinate (α‐TOS) can induce apoptosis. We show that the proapoptotic activity of α‐TOS in hematopoietic and cancer cell lines involves inhibition protein kinase C (PKC), since phorbol myristyl acetate prevented α‐TOS‐triggered More selective effectors indicated reduced PKCα isotype by increasing phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. role α‐TOS‐induced apoptosis was confirmed using antisense oligonucleotides or overexpression. Gain‐ loss‐of‐function bcl‐2...
We report that α-tocopheryl succinate, a vitamin E analogue with pro-apoptotic properties, selectively kills cells malignant or transformed phenotype, i.e. multiple haematopoietic and carcinoma cell lines, while being non-toxic to normal, primary non-transformed cells. These findings strongly suggest potential of this micronutrient in the therapy and/or prevention cancer without significant side-effects. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign
The release of ChatGPT, a language model capable generating text that appears human-like and authentic, has gained significant attention beyond the research community. We expect convincing performance ChatGPT incentivizes users to apply it variety downstream tasks, including prompting simplify their own medical reports. To investigate this phenomenon, we conducted an exploratory case study. In questionnaire, asked 15 radiologists assess quality radiology reports simplified by ChatGPT. Most...
α-Tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) is a semisynthetic vitamin E analogue with high pro-apoptotic and anti-neoplastic activity [Weber, T et al. (2002) Clin. Cancer Res. 8, 863−869]. Previous studies suggested that it acts through destabilization of subcellular organelles, including mitochondria, but compelling evidence missing. Cells treated α-TOS showed altered mitochondrial structure, generation free radicals, activation the sphingomyelin cycle, relocalization cytochrome c Smac/Diablo, multiple...
α‐Tocopheryl succinate (α‐TOS), but not α‐tocopherol, triggered apoptosis in Jurkat T cells. Apoptosis was induced by α‐TOS a time‐ and concentration‐dependent mode, signs of were visible at concentrations as low 30 μM, within 3–5 h after addition the ester. Employing specific fluorogenic substrate, caspase‐3 found to be activated rapidly response 50 μM. We also that cells challenged with α‐TOS, when exposed lysosomotropic weak base acridine orange, showed decreased lysosomal uptake dye....
Sparse regularization techniques are well-established in machine learning, yet their application neural networks remains challenging due to the non-differentiability of penalties like $L_1$ norm, which is incompatible with stochastic gradient descent. A promising alternative shallow weight factorization, where weights decomposed into two factors, allowing for smooth optimization $L_1$-penalized by adding differentiable $L_2$ factors. In this work, we introduce deep extending previous...
Suppression of NF kappa B activation has been involved in the elimination survival programs during endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis. We used alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TOS) to trigger apoptosome formation and subsequent executioner caspases. The level bcl-2 was reduced by alpha-TOS, its downregulation potentiated overexpression suppressed pro-apoptotic effects indicating a mitochondrial role alpha-TOS-induced apoptosis EC. alpha-TOS treatment associated with induction TUNEL-positive EC...
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have evolved as a new class of potent cancer therapeutics. We here report on the development ADCs with specificity for B-cell lineage specific (surface) antigen CD22 being expressed in majority hematological malignancies. As targeting moiety previously generated humanized anti-CD22 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) derivative from monoclonal antibody RFB4 was reengineered into IgG1 format (huRFB4). Onconase (ranpirnase), clinically active pancreatic-type...
Undersampling is a common method in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to subsample the number of data points k-space, reducing acquisition times at cost decreased image quality. A popular approach employ undersampling patterns following various strategies, e.g., variable density sampling or radial trajectories. In this work, we propose that directly learns under-sampling masks from points, thereby also providing task- and domain-specific patterns. To solve resulting discrete optimization...
Modeling dynamical systems, e.g. in climate and engineering sciences, often necessitates solving partial differential equations. Neural operators are deep neural networks designed to learn nontrivial solution of such equations from data. As for all statistical models, the predictions these models imperfect exhibit errors. Such errors particularly difficult spot complex nonlinear behaviour systems. We introduce a new framework approximate Bayesian uncertainty quantification using...
Abstract Ribosomes scanning from the mRNA 5′ cap to start codon may initiate at upstream open reading frames (uORFs), decreasing protein biosynthesis. Termination a uORF can lead re-initiation, where 40S subunit resumes and initiates another translation event downstream. In mammals, noncanonical factors MCTS1-DENR participate in re-initiation specific uORFs, but knowledge of other trans -acting features influencing is limited. Here, we describe cell-free assay using HeLa cell lysates....
The development of efficient strategies for generating fully human monoclonal antibodies with unique functional properties that are exploitable tailored therapeutic interventions remains a major challenge in the antibody technology field. Here, we present methodology recovering such from antigen-encountered B cell repertoires. As source variable genes, cloned immunoglobulin G (IgG)-derived repertoires lymph nodes 20 individuals undergoing surgery head and neck cancer. Sequence analysis...
Due to its frequent overexpression in a variety of solid tumors the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is well-established target for therapeutic interventions epithelial cancers. In order EGFR head and neck cancer, we have generated ribonuclease (RNase) fusion protein comprising humanized anti-EGFR antibody single-chain Fv fragment (scFv) Ranpirnase, an RNase from Rana pipiens. Fusion Ranpirnase N-terminus scFv via flexible glycine-serine linker (G4S)3 resulted very poor cytotoxicity...
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive α-oxoaldehyde that glycates proteins. MG has been linked to the development of diabetic complications: major precursor advanced glycation end products (AGEs), risk marker for complications in humans. Furthermore, flies and fish with elevated develop insulin resistance, obesity, hyperglycemia. detoxified large part through glyoxalase system, whose rate-limiting enzyme I (Glo1). Hence, we aimed study how Glo1 activity regulated. We studied regulation...