The new psychoactive substances (NPS) market continues to be very dynamic. A large number of compounds belonging diverse chemical groups continue emerge. This makes their detection in biological samples challenging for clinical and forensic toxicologists. Knowledge the metabolic fate NPS is crucial developing comprehensive screening procedures. As human studies are not feasible due ethical concerns, current study aimed compare NPS' pattern incubations with pooled liver S9 fraction (pHLS9),...

Presently, few treatments for spinal cord injury (SCI) are available and none have facilitated neural regeneration and/or significant functional improvement. Agmatine (Agm), a guanidinium compound formed from decarboxylation of L-arginine by arginine decarboxylase, is neurotransmitter/neuromodulator been reported to exert neuroprotective effects in central nervous system models including SCI. The purpose this study was demonstrate the multifaceted Agm on recovery remyelinating events...

Abstract The two fentanyl homologs cyclopropanoyl-1-benzyl-4´-fluoro-4-anilinopiperidine (4F-Cy-BAP) and furanoyl-1-benzyl-4-anilinopiperidine (Fu-BAP) have recently been seized as new psychoactive substances (NPS) on the drugs of abuse market. As their toxicokinetic toxicodynamic characteristics are completely unknown, this study focused elucidating in vitro metabolic stability pooled human liver S9 fraction (pHLS9), qualitative vivo (zebrafish larvae) metabolism, isozyme mapping using...

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae have gained attention as a valid model to study in vivo drug metabolism and predict human metabolism. The microinjection of compounds, oligonucleotides, or pathogens into zebrafish embryos at an early developmental stage is well-established technique. Here, we investigated the after methyl 2-(1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (7′N-5F-ADB) representative recently introduced synthetic cannabinoids. Results were...

Glycogenic hepatopathy (GH) is an uncommon cause of serum transaminase elevation in type I diabetes mellitus (DM). The clinical signs and symptoms GH are nonspecific, include abdominal discomfort, mild hepatomegaly, elevation. In this report we describe three cases patients presenting hepatomegaly with a history poorly controlled DM. All the showed sudden to more than 30 times upper normal range (like acute hepatitis) followed by sustained fluctuation relapsing hepatitis). However, did not...

When stem cells are grafted into tissues, they differentiate and form specialized cells. However, the proficiency of to endure assimilate host cell is dependent on various growth factors cytokines. According studies, these available in spent media harvested cells, which can be used for treatment regenerative medicine cosmetic products. There differences cytokine secretion depending culture environment, clarified this paper.Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal (hUC-MSCs) were cultured...

The stem and root barks of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Ulmaceae) have been used to treat inflammatory diseases including mastitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, enteritis. In an ongoing study focused on the discovery natural anti‐inflammatory compounds from products, a methanol extract U . showed activities. Activity‐guided fractionation yielded new trihydroxy fatty acid, 9,12,13‐trihydroxyoctadeca‐10( Z ),15( )‐dienoic acid (1), known compound, pinellic (2). These two acids 1 2 inhibited...

Intended to investigate whether agmatine treatment reduces collagen scar area in mice subjected spinal cord injury (SCI).The purpose of the present study is demonstrate protective effect on complete transection SCI mice. SUMMARY OF BACK GROUND DATA: The deposition that occurs at lesion site, during SCI, was well known. Agmatine has been reported exert neuroprotective various stress models including central nervous system injuries. In investigation, we hypothesized could rescue SCI.Complete...

Zebrafish (ZF; Danio rerio) larvae have become a popular in vivo model drug metabolism studies. Here, we investigated the of methyl 2-[1-(4-fluorobutyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido]-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (4F-MDMB-BINACA) ZF after direct administration cannabinoid via microinjection, and visualized spatial distributions parent compound its metabolites by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI). Furthermore, using genetically modified larvae, role receptor type 1 (CB1) 2 (CB2) on was studied....

In this study, we explored the potentiality of human arginine decarboxylase (ADC) to enhance survival mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) against unfavorable milieu host tissues as low MSCs is issue in cell transplantation therapy.To address this, overexpressing ADC were treated with H2O2 and resultant intracellular events examined.First, examined whether overexpressed MSCs.Then, investigated or death related events.We found that overexpression increases formazan production reduces caspase 3...

Sample preparation in untargeted metabolomics should allow reproducible extractions of as many molecules possible. Thus, optimizing sample is crucial. This study compared six different extraction procedures to find the most suitable for extracting zebrafish larvae context an infection model. Two one-phase employing methanol (I) and a single miscible phase methanol/acetonitrile/water (II) two two-phase methods using separation between chloroform methanol/water combinations (III IV) were...

Current therapeutic strategies for spinal cord injury (SCI) cannot fully facilitate neural regeneration or improve function. Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) synthesizes agmatine, an endogenous primary amine with neuroprotective effects. Transfection of human ADC (hADC) gene exerts protective effects after in murine brain-derived precursor cells (mNPCs). Following from these findings, we investigated the hADC-mNPC transplantation SCI model mice. Mice experimentally damaged cords were divided...

In patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), compromised pancreatic β-cell functions are compensated through daily insulin injections or the transplantation of tissue islet cells. However, both approaches associated specific challenges. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents a potential alternative, as MSCs have tissue-forming capacity and can be isolated from various tissues. human umbilical cord (hUC) is good source freely available MSCs, which collected pain-free, non-invasive methods...

Zebrafish (ZF; Danio rerio) larvae have emerged as a promising in vivo model drug metabolism studies. Here, we set out to ready this for integrated mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) comprehensively study the spatial distribution of drugs and their metabolites inside ZF larvae. In our pilot with overall goal improve MSI protocols larvae, investigated opioid antagonist naloxone. We confirmed that metabolic modification naloxone is high accordance detected HepaRG cells, human biosamples, other...

Objective We aimed to develop an International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10th edition injury code-based disability-adjusted life year (DALY) measure the burden specific injuries. Methods Three independent panels used novel methods score disability weights (DWs) 130 indicator codes sampled from 1,284 ICD codes. The DWs were interpolated into remaining (n=1,154) estimate for all reliability estimated was evaluated using test-retest method. calculated ICD-DALYs individual episodes Korean...

A julolidine‐containing naphthylamine probe ( EW1 ) was prepared for sensing specific metal ions. Probe afforded a broad low fluorescence at 500–600 nm in acetonitrile, but gave relatively stronger 540 methanol. showed selective turn‐on emission Cr 3+ CH 3 CN . Upon treatment with , strong observed 515 nm, other ions, such as K + Ag Ca 2+ Zn Co Ni Cu Cd Hg Fe and failed to induce an band. clean isosbestic point appeared 405 the UV –vis titration The intensity of enhanced incremental addition...

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We investigated the antiangiogenic effects of Lindera obtusiloba Blume (Hwangmaemok, HMM), which is a plant in Lauraceae family that commonly used to treat colds and gastritis. Moreover, given recent study reported inhibitory HMM extract on cancer metastasis, we hypothesized might possess function. Thus, this was conducted investigate endothelial cell proliferation, migration, neovascularization chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), molecular mechanism antiangiogenesis using ProteoChip-based...