A5103213724- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Sleep and related disorders
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Child Welfare and Adoption
- Child Abuse and Related Trauma
Duke University
2015-2024
Durham VA Medical Center
2021-2022
Leiden University Medical Center
2022
VA Mid-Atlantic Health Care Network
2021
Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers
2021
Duke Medical Center
2008-2020
Duke University Hospital
2007-2020
SRI International
2015-2017
University of California, San Diego
2017
Stanford University
2017
Brain development during childhood and adolescence is characterized by both progressive myelination regressive pruning processes. However, sex differences in brain maturation remain poorly understood. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine the relationships between age with cerebral gray white matter volumes corpus callosal areas 118 healthy children adolescents (61 males 57 females), aged 6–17 years. Gender groups were similar on measures of age, handedness, socioeconomic status...
Alcohol use disorders (defined as DSM-IV alcohol dependence or abuse) are prevalent and serious problems among adolescents. As adolescence is marked by progressive hippocampal development, this brain region may be particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of adolescent disorders. This study compared volumes adolescents young adults with adolescent-onset those healthy matched comparison subjects.Magnetic resonance imaging was used measure regions in 12 subjects 24 on age, sex,...
OBJECTIVE: Studies in adults have reported changes concentration, learning, and memory individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there are few studies of cognitive function children PTSD. The goal the current study was to evaluate cognition METHOD: status 14 pediatric psychiatric outpatients maltreatment-related PTSD 15 sociodemographically similar who were healthy had not been maltreated examined. Neuropsychological instruments measured language, attention, abstract...
Childhood sexual abuse is associated with an increased incidence of age-concurrent and adult psychopathology. Little known, however, about the biological manifestations sequelae childhood abuse. In this study, we characterized hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis a self-selected sample sexually abused control girls recruited from prospective longitudinal study. Plasma ACTH total free cortisol responses to ovine CRH (oCRH) stimulation were measured in 13 girls, aged 7-15 yr. Psychiatric...
Background: In adults, prefrontal, thalamic, and cerebellar brain injury is associated with excessive ethanol intake. As these structures are actively maturing during adolescence, we hypothesized that subjects adolescent-onset alcohol use disorders, compared control subjects, would have smaller volumes in areas. Thus, prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar measures of adolescents young adults disorders (AUD, defined as DSM-IV dependence or abuse) those sociodemographically similar subjects. Methods:...
Abstract The ability to interpret emotions in facial expressions is crucial for social functioning across the lifespan. Facial expression recognition develops rapidly during infancy and improves with age preschool years. However, developmental trajectory from late childhood adulthood less clear. We tested older children, adolescents adults on a two‐alternative forced‐choice discrimination task using morphed faces that varied emotional content. Actors appeared pose changed incrementally along...
Although child neglect is the most prevalent form of maltreatment, neurocognitive effects are understudied. We examined IQ, reading, mathematics, and domains fine-motor skills, language, visual-spatial, memory/learning, attention/executive functions in two groups nonsexually abused medically healthy neglected children, one with DSM-IV posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) without, a demographically similar nonmaltreated control group. Significantly lower selected differences complex visual...
As indicated by several recent studies, magnetic susceptibility of the brain is influenced mainly myelin in white matter and iron deposits deep nuclei. Myelination deposition evolve both spatially temporally. This evolution reflects an important characteristic normal development ageing. In this study, we assessed changes regional human vivo examining developmental ageing process from 1 to 83 years age. The over lifespan was found display differential trajectories between gray matter....
Objective: During adolescence, neurobiological maturation occurs concurrently with social and interpersonal changes, including the initiation of alcohol other substance use. The National Consortium on Alcohol NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) is designed to disentangle complex relationships between onset, escalation, desistance use changes neurocognitive functioning neuromaturation. Method: A sample 831 youth, ages 12–21 years, was recruited at five sites across United States,...
Objective: The authors sought evidence for altered adolescent brain growth trajectory associated with moderate and heavy alcohol use in a large national, multisite, prospective study of adolescents before after initiation appreciable use. Method: This examined 483 (ages 12–21) drinking 1 2 years later. At the 2-year assessment, 356 participants continued to meet study’s no/low consumption entry criteria, 65 had initiated drinking, 62 drinking. MRI was used quantify regional cortical white...
The authors measured CSF concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and arginine vasopressin in nine depressed patients before after fluoxetine treatment. They found significant decreases CRH, vasopressin, Hamilton depression ratings. Thus, the therapeutic effect this serotonin-uptake inhibitor may be related to diminution these arousal-promoting neuropeptides.
OBJECTIVE: Anterior cingulate dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The authors hypothesized that integrity anterior may be affected childhood PTSD.METHOD: Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (proton MRS) was used to measure relative concentration N-acetylaspartate and creatine, a marker neural integrity, 11 children adolescents who met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD secondary maltreatment healthy matched comparison...