Obesity is a common and complex health problem, which impacts crucial organs; it also considered an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Few studies have analyzed the consequence of obesity in renal proximal convoluted tubules, are major tubules involved reabsorptive processes. For optimal performance kidney, energy primarily provided by mitochondria. Melatonin, indoleamine antioxidant, has been identified mitochondria, there considerable evidence regarding its essential role...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental identified by impairments in common social interactions and repetitive behaviors. In ASD patients, substantial morphological alterations have been observed the hippocampus, which represents an important region for development of skills. Melatonin, commonly found many foods plants, also produced pineal gland. This indolamine, known to regulate circadian rhythm, shows antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. We therefore hypothesized that...

Chronic neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s (AD). Intriguingly, last decade, leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2), gene mutated familial sporadic PD, was revealed as key mediator neuroinflammation. Therefore, anti-inflammatory properties LRRK2 inhibitors have started to be considered disease-modifying treatment for PD; however, date, there is little evidence on beneficial...

Cyclosporine A (CsA) use is associated with several side effects, the most important of which nephrotoxicity that includes, as we previously showed, tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis. Recently, many researchers have been interested in minimizing these effects by pharmacological interventions. To do this, tested whether administration a red wine polyphenol, Provinol (PV), prevents development CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were treated for 21 days divided into four groups: control;...

Cardiomyocytes are particularly sensitive to oxidative damage due the link between mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum necessary for calcium flux contraction. Melatonin, important indoleamine secreted by pineal gland during darkness, also has cardioprotective properties. We designed present study define morphological ultrastructural changes in cardiomyocytes mainly of an animal model obesity (ob/ob mice), when treated orally or not with melatonin at 100 mg/kg/day 8 weeks (from 5 up 13...

ABSTRACT This work investigated the effects of mercury chloride (HgCl 2 ) acute exposure on virgin, pregnant and lactating rats by determination renal hepatic morphological ultrastructural parameters expression oxidative stress tolerance markers, due to kidney liver are organs that more accumulate inorganic mercury. Adult Wistar virgin (90 days old), (18 th gestation day) (7 lactation were injected once with HgCl (5 mg/kg) or saline (controls). We observed caused significant inflammatory...

Cancer cells require substantial amounts of energy and substrates for their metabolic hyperactivity, enabling the synthesis new at expense healthy ones. Preliminary in vitro data suggest that a mix free essential amino acids (EAA-mix) can promote cancer cell apoptosis by enhancing autophagy. This study aimed to confirm, both vivo, whether EAA intake could influence development colon mice. We investigated changes proliferation CT26 treated with EAA-mix, mice fed rich modified diets (EAARD) as...

Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs), whether used alone or together with three-dimensional scaffolds, are the best-studied postnatal stem in regenerative medicine. In this study, innovative composite scaffolds consisting of a core–shell architecture were seeded bone-marrow-derived hMSCs (BM-hMSCs) and tested for their biocompatibility remarkable capacity to promote support bone regeneration mineralization. The prepared by grafting three different amounts gelatin–chitosan (CH) hydrogel...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of clinically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental sharing common features related to impaired social and communication abilities in addition stereotyped behaviors. ASD patients present encephalic morphological, physiological, biomolecular alterations with low levels melatonin due its pathways. Therefore, even if ASDs have traditionally been framed as behavioral disorders, several lines evidence accumulating that characterized by certain anatomical...

Cancer cells require substantial amounts of energy and substrates for their metabolic hyperactivity, enabling the synthesis new at expense healthy ones. Preliminary in vitro data suggest that a mix free essential amino acids (EAA-mix) can promote cancer cell apoptosis by enhancing autophagy. This study aimed to confirm, both vivo, whether EAA intake could influence development colon mice. We investigated changes proliferation CT26 treated with EAA-mix mice fed EAA-rich modified diets (EAARD)...

Background: A microsurgical auricular flap represents a single-step technique for the reconstruction of full-thickness defects ala nasi. To achieve best surgical outcomes, it is essential to have an exhaustive knowledge vascular network improve management flap. This study aimed provide anatomical and guide well-designed nasi using free preauricular Methods: In this study, three fresh-frozen two formalin-fixed human head specimens injected with red silicone rubber enhance arterial facial...

Aging is a complex, dynamic, and multifaceted process that currently still poorly understood [1]. Hypercholesterolemia increases exacerbates stress signals contributing to aging-related disorders in different organs such as liver [2]. may contribute the loss of cells vital structures or through several mechanisms. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) member sirtuin family protein deacetylases involved life span extension; however, its involvement aging not yet completely defined. Recently, it was shown...

Chronic inflammatory fibro-proliferative changes leading to atherosclerotic plaques are considered hallmark of cardiovascular diseases [1]. Atherosclerosis pathogenesis is a complex entity, which has not been fully understood; however, many studies have demonstrated the role oxidative stress and inflammation in its development. Melatonin effects on process last ten-year literature [2]. However, role(s) mechanism(s) action as therapeutic tool against atherosclerosis remain largely unexplored....

Obesity is a common and complex health problem, which impacts crucial organs; it also considered an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease [1]. Few studies have analyzed the consequence of obesity in renal proximal convoluted tubules, major section reabsorptive process. To best perform its functions, requires energy primarily provided by mitochondria. Melatonin, indoleamine antioxidant, has been identified mitochondria, overwhelming evidence documented essential role prevention...

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) impacts on about 30% of the population in industrialized countries, associated to metabolic syndrome may be reversible or dramatically evolve into cirrhosis hepatocellular cancer (Wree et al., 2011). Leptin-deficient homozygous mice (ob/ob) represent a well-known animal model study obesity, with overweight, steatosis and insulinresistance. Recently ER stress has been reported contribute hepatic cell damage called lipoapoptosis (Flamment 2010)....

Mercury is a toxic metal widely used in industrial activities. In Brazil, cases of mercury contamination occur mainly the Amazon region, where mining to amalgamate gold; people so exposed occupationally and through consumption contaminated fish water [1]. has non uniform distribution after absorption, being accumulated kidneys causing renal injury [2]. Numerous metabolic changes physiologically pregnancy lactation periods induce different response exogenous substances, respect virgin...

Several studies demonstrated that melatonin treatment prevents tissue damage in various models of oxidative stress (1). Experiments have shown chronic nicotine administration caused oxidant organs by increasing lipid peroxidation products and decreasing the activity endogenous antioxidants (2). The aim this study was to investigate effects on nicotine-induced changes rat kidney explore possible mechanisms action. Three groups rats were used as controls (the first without treatment, second...

Fibromyalgia is a chronic idiopathic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal and deep range of other symptoms including disordered sleep, paresthesia, depression anxiety (1). To date, its aetiopathogenesis pathophysiology are still not understood, but the musculoskeletal, neuroendocrine central nervous systems appear to play major roles in development progression fibromyalgia (2). Important factors involved pathogenic process oxidative stress inflammation suggesting that...

The pineal gland is a small neuroendocrine organ involved primarily in the circadian rhythm by secretion of melatonin [1]. In addition, pain modulatory properties are generally recognized but its involvement neuropathic regulation not fully understood. fact, it known that activation endogenous system spinal cord can reduce generation, development and maintenance central sensitization [2]. Moreover, showed an analgesic effect, fact several works animals [2] humans [3] underline ability to...

The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of abnormalities including abdominal obesity, hypertension, altered levels triglycerides and cholesterol high fasting glucose (Sohet Delzenne, 2012). In this study, we hypothesized that melatonin, due to its ability neutralize number toxic reactants, reactive oxygen species free radicals (Reiter et al. 2008; Agil 2011), can minimize obesity-related alterations in aorta morphology vasocostriction an animal model obesity (ob/ob mice). animals were divided...