A5059357359- Bryophyte Studies and Records
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Plant and animal studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Plant Ecology and Taxonomy Studies
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Identification and Quantification in Food
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
2015-2024
Vitensenteret i Trondheim
2012-2018
Norsk Teknisk Museum
2000-2014
Natural History Museum
2010
Uppsala University
2002-2007
Abstract Metabarcoding approaches use total and typically degraded DNA from environmental samples to analyse biotic assemblages can potentially be carried out for any kinds of organisms in an ecosystem. These analyses rely on specific markers, here called metabarcodes, which should optimized taxonomic resolution, minimal bias amplification the target organism group short sequence length. Using bioinformatic tools, we developed metabarcodes several groups organisms: fungi, bryophytes,...
Sympatric species are expected to minimize competition by partitioning resources, especially when these limited. Herbivores inhabiting the High Arctic in winter a prime example of situation where food availability is anticipated be low, and thus reduced diet overlap expected. We present here first assessment high arctic lemmings during based on DNA metabarcoding feces. In contrast previous analyses microhistology, we found that diets both collared (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) brown (Lemmus...
Sphagnum magellanicum has been viewed as being a predominantly circumpolar species in the northern hemisphere, but it occurs southern hemisphere and was originally described from parts of Chile. It is an ecologically important mire ecosystems extensively used model to study processes growth, carbon sequestration peat decomposition. Molecular experimental studies have, however, revealed genetic structure within S. magellanicum, morphological differences associated with these groups. Here we...
Abstract The relative importance of introgression for diversification has long been a highly disputed topic in speciation research and remains an open question despite the great attention it received over past decade. Gene flow leaves traces genome similar to those created by incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), identification quantification gene presence ILS is challenging requires knowledge about true phylogenetic relationship among species. We use whole nuclear, plastid, organellar genomes...
Anatolia is a biologically diverse, but phylogeographically under-explored region. It described as either centre of origin and long-term Pleistocene refugium, or for genetic amalgamation, fed from distinct neighbouring refugia. These contrasting hypotheses are tested through global phylogeographic analysis the arctic-alpine herb, Arabis alpina.Herbarium field collections were used to sample comprehensively entire range, with special focus on Levant. Sequence variation in chloroplast DNA...
Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi C causes enteric (paratyphoid) fever in humans. Its presentation can range from asymptomatic infections of the blood stream to gastrointestinal or urinary tract infection even a fatal septicemia [1Jacobs M.R. Koornhof H.J. Crisp S.I. Palmhert H.L. Fitzstephens A. Enteric caused by paratyphi South and West Africa.S. Afr. Med. J. 1978; 54: 434-438PubMed Google Scholar]. is very rare Europe North America except for occasional travelers East Asia Africa,...
Abstract The relative importance of global versus local environmental factors for growth and thus carbon uptake the bryophyte genus Sphagnum— main peat‐former ecosystem engineer in northern peatlands—remains unclear. We measured length net primary production (NPP) two abundant Sphagnum species across 99 Holarctic peatlands. tested previously proposed abiotic biotic drivers peatland (climate, N deposition, water table depth vascular plant cover) on these responses. Employing structural...
Abstract Ten populations of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana were collected along a north–south gradient in Norway and screened for microsatellite polymorphisms 25 loci variability quantitative traits. Overall, average levels genetic diversity found to be relatively high these populations, compared previously published surveys within population variability. Six polymorphic at loci, resulting an overall proportion 18%, gene selfing species ( H E = 0.06). Of variability, 12% was...
Abstract It is commonly found that effective population sizes of natural populations are much smaller than census plants and animals. However, theoretical studies have shown factors rarely investigated empirically, like seed banks in diapause animals, may profound influence on sizes. Here we investigate whether the presence can explain relatively high genetic variability observed northern European Arabidopsis thaliana with small We genotyped three above‐ below‐ ground cohorts 27 Norwegian...
Considerable progress has been made in ecological and evolutionary genetics with studies demonstrating how genes underlying plant microbial traits can influence adaptation even 'extend' to community structure ecosystem level processes. Progress this area is limited model systems deep genetic genomic resources that often have negligible impact or interest. Thus, important linkages between adaptations their consequences at organismal scales are lacking. Here we introduce the Sphagnome Project,...
Peat mosses (Sphagnum) are ecosystem engineers-species in boreal peatlands simultaneously create and inhabit narrow habitat preferences along two microhabitat gradients: an ionic gradient a hydrological hummock-hollow gradient. In this article, we demonstrate the connections between preference phylogeny Sphagnum. Using dataset of 39 species Sphagnum, with 18-locus DNA alignment ecological encompassing three large published studies, tested for phylogenetic signal within-genus changes...
Quaternary glaciations have played a major role in shaping the genetic diversity and distribution of plant species. Strong palaeoecological evidence supports postglacial recolonization most species to northern Europe from southern, eastern even western glacial refugia. Although highly controversial, existence small situ refugia has recently gained molecular support. We used genomic analyses examine phylogeography that is critical this debate. Carex scirpoidea Michx subsp. dioecious,...
Genetic and morphological similarity between populations separated by large distances may be caused frequent long-distance dispersal or retained ancestral polymorphism. The lack of differentiation disjunct conspecific moss on different continents has traditionally been explained the latter model, cited as evidence that many most species are extremely ancient slowly diverging. We have studied intercontinental in amphi-Atlantic peat Sphagnum angermanicum using 23 microsatellite markers. Two...
Abstract Aim Arctic plant phylogeography has largely focused on seed plants, and studies other groups are necessary for comparison. Bryophytes have a unique life cycle can be resistant to extreme conditions, suggesting that their phylogeographic patterns may differ from those of vascular plants. We address the history bryophyte genus Cinclidium in order assess: (1) interspecific relationships, (2) whether its current broad circumarctic distribution results recent dispersal or been maintained...
Most species are assumed to have survived south or east of the ice sheet covering northern Europe during last glacial maximum. Molecular and macrofossil evidence suggests, however, that some may in ice-free areas Scandinavia. In plants, inbreeding vegetative growth associated with low genetic load enhanced survival small, isolated populations. These characteristics often found bryophytes, possibly allowing them survive extreme conditions refugia also within sheets. Here, we review Holocene...
Spore-producing organisms have small dispersal units enabling them to become widespread across continents. However, barriers gene flow and cryptic speciation may exist. The common, haploid peatmoss Sphagnum magellanicum occurs in both the Northern Southern hemisphere, is commonly used as a model studies of peatland ecology physiology. Even though it will likely act rich source functional genomics years come, surprisingly little known about levels genetic variability structuring this species....
Abstract Aim Disjunctly distributed peatmosses ( Sphagnum ) have been found to exhibit little genetic structure over regional and intercontinental scales, mainly caused by high ability for transoceanic long‐distance dispersal. Although, most Northern Hemisphere peatmoss species wide circumboreal/nemoral ranges, is known about the magnitude effects of dispersal barriers in shaping such species. We investigate whether capacity has homogeneity across broad areas Hemisphere, or act shape...
Human populations have been shaped by catastrophes that may left long-lasting signatures in their genomes. One notable example is the second plague pandemic entered Europe ca. 1,347 CE and repeatedly returned for over 300 years, with typical village town mortality estimated at 10%–40%.1Slack P. The Impact of Plague Tudor Stuart England. Routledge & K. Paul, 1985Google Scholar It assumed this high affected gene pools these populations. First, local population crashes reduced genetic...
The Sicilian wolf remained isolated in Sicily from the end of Pleistocene until its extermination 1930s-1960s. Given long-term isolation on island and distinctive morphology, genetic origin remains debated. We sequenced four nuclear genomes five mitogenomes seven existing museum specimens to investigate ancestry, relationships with extant extinct wolves dogs, diversity. Our results show that is most closely related Italian but carries ancestry a lineage European Eneolithic Bronze Age dogs....
Unlike seed plants where global biogeographical patterns typically involve interspecific phylogenetic history, spore-producing bryophyte species often have intercontinental distributions that are best understood from a population genetic perspective. We sought to understand how reproductive processes, especially dispersal, contributed the 'Pacific Rim' distribution of Sphagnum miyabeanum. In total, 295 gametophyte western North America (California, Oregon, British Columbia, Alaska), Russia,...
Summary Plants may escape unfavorable environments by dispersing to new sites, or remaining in an ungerminated state at a given site until environmental conditions become favorable. There is limited evidence regarding the occurrence, interplay and relative importance of dispersal processes time space plant populations. Thirty‐six natural populations annual ruderal species Arabidopsis thaliana were monitored over five consecutive years, sampling both seed bank above‐ground cohorts. We show...