Collagen organization plays an important role in maintaining structural integrity and determining tissue function. Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT) is a promising noninvasive three-dimensional imaging tool for mapping collagen vivo. While PSOCT systems with multiple polarization inputs have demonstrated the ability to visualize depth-resolved organization, systems, which use single input state not yet sufficient reconstruction quality. Herein we describe based...

Abstract Inositol lipids are ubiquitous in eukaryotes and have finely tuned roles cellular signalling membrane homoeostasis. In Bacteria, however, inositol lipid production is relatively rare. Recently, the prominent human gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) was reported to produce sphingolipids, but pathways remain ambiguous their prevalence unclear. Here, using genomic biochemical approaches, we investigated gene cluster for synthesis BT a previously undescribed strain with...

Nucleosides are ubiquitous to life and required for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, other molecules crucial cell survival. Despite notoriously difficult organic nucleosides, 2′-deoxynucleoside analogues can interfere with natural DNA replication repair successfully employed as anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial compounds. Nucleoside 2′-deoxyribosyltransferase (dNDT) enzymes catalyze transglycosylation via a covalent 2′-deoxyribosylated enzyme intermediate retention configuration, having...

Abstract Skin broadly protects the human body from undesired factors such as ultraviolet radiation and abrasion helps conserve temperature hydration. Skin’s elasticity its level of anisotropy are key to aesthetics function. Currently, however, treatment success is often speculative subjective, rarely based on skin’s elastic properties because there no fast accurate non-contact method for imaging elasticity. Here we report a non-invasive image characterize anisotropy. It combines acoustic...

Traditional underwater polarization imaging methods can only provide clear degree of (DOP) and intensity images the object but cannot state object. This paper proposes a method to extract information from turbid water in all four Stokes parameter (I, Q, U, V) channels by using full camera, enabling image reconstruction. The utilizes multiple different angles construct low-rank sparse matrix. Then, decomposing this matrix into components, V (i.e., state) be obtained. Unlike traditional that...

High-quality swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging systems require precise synchronization between the OCT signal and k-clock signal. However, in practical applications, an uncertain time delay these signals can cause inaccurate k-space sampling, leading to degraded resolution. This study first simulates axial resolution degradation curve caused by varying delays experimentally validates results. Additionally, effects of different on both structural blood flow images are...

Nucleoside analogues have been extensively used to treat viral and bacterial infections cancer for the past 60 years. However, their chemical synthesis is complex often requires multiple steps a dedicated synthetic route every new nucleoside be produced. Wild type 2′-deoxyribosyltransferase enzymes are promising biocatalysis. Guided by structure of enzyme from thermophilic organism Chroococcidiopsis thermalis PCC 7203 (CtNDT) bound ribonucleoside analogue Immucillin-H, we designed mutants...

Abstract Introduction Fluoropyrimidines, principally 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), remain a key component of chemotherapy regimens for multiple cancer types, in particular colorectal and other gastrointestinal malignancies. To overcome limitations pharmacologic challenges that hinder the clinical utility 5-FU, NUC-3373, phosphoramidate transformation 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, was designed to improve efficacy safety profile as well administration associated with 5-FU. Methods Human cell lines HCT116...

Porphyromonas gingivalis, like other bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes, synthesizes sphingolipids (SLs). However, their exact roles in microbial physiology and potential role mediating interactions with eukaryotic host are unclear. Our working hypothesis for this study was that synthesis of SLs (host-like lipids) affords a mechanism allows P. gingivalis persist homeostasis its host. In previous study, we deleted gene (PG1780 strain W83) predicted encode serine palmitoyl...

Ozone can be used to precisely tailor the plasmon mode of gold triangular nanoprism for enhancing optical imaging and therapy.

Iodine absorption cells are extensively employed by high-spectral-resolution Lidars (HSRLs) for aerosol optical properties and atmosphere state parameters profiling. To the best of our knowledge, optimal design iodine has not been talked about systematically. In this paper, a heuristic method based on multi-objective concept is proposed in HSRLs profiling, can be also applied to different types HSRLs. The bi-objective model established retrieval error analysis HSRL then Pareto solutions...

There remains a clinical need for an accurate and non-invasive imaging tool intraoral evaluation of dental conditions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is potential candidate to meet this need, but the design current OCT systems limits their utility in examinations. The inclusion light-induced autofluorescence (LIAF) can expedite image collection process provides large field view viewing condition oral tissues. This study describes novel LIAF-OCT system equipped with handheld probe...

We present a fully integrated depth-resolved all fiber-based polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PSOCT). In contrast to conventional PSOCT systems, which require additional modules generate two or more input states, pre-adjustment procedure circularly polarized light, the proposed all-fiber system can provide birefringent imaging using an arbitrary single state. Utilizing discrete differential geometry (DDG)-based state tracing (PST) method, combined with several geometric...

This paper introduces Grounding DINO 1.5, a suite of advanced open-set object detection models developed by IDEA Research, which aims to advance the "Edge" detection. The encompasses two models: 1.5 Pro, high-performance model designed for stronger generalization capability across wide range scenarios, and Edge, an efficient optimized faster speed demanded in many applications requiring edge deployment. Pro advances its predecessor scaling up architecture, integrating enhanced vision...

We propose a simple and efficient method of color-encoded Stokes parameters to visualize the polarization states for polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) biological tissue. In this method, probing light are detected described in domain. Three primary colors red, green, blue used code Q, U, V, respectively, which can be represent each unique state. A strategy that uses state as PS-OCT imaging parameter is first introduced obtain high contrast images birefringent...

A high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) is proposed to retrieve the seawater volume scattering function at 180° angle βπ without assumption of extinction-to-backscatter ratio. field-widened Michelson interferometer employed as ultra-narrow spectral discriminator reject particulate and molecular Rayleigh but transmit Mandelshtam-Brillouin scattering. The theoretical framework presented in detail based on a dual-channel HSRL configuration. Simulation retrieval error estimation shows that,...

Due to rod-like hydroxyapatite crystal organizations, dental enamel is optically anisotropic, i.e., birefringent. Healthy known be intrinsically negatively However, when demineralization of occurs, a considerable number inter-crystallite spaces would created between the crystallites in enamel, which could lead sign reversion birefringence structure. We propose that this can leveraged polarization sensitive OCT (PSOCT) imaging differentiate early caries lesions from healthy enamel. In study...

When imaging birefringent samples using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), the phase retardation may appear opposite to change due blood flow in orthogonal signals, for which a cancellation effect can occur when deriving OCTA signals. This diminish ability of detect vascular information, leading an erroneous interpretation final images. To mitigate this issue, we demonstrate polarization-sensitive (PS-OCT) image microvascular information within living sample without...

We propose a method that utilizes the trajectory of output polarization states on Poincaré sphere to derive depth-resolved birefringent information within samples using fiber-based sensitive optical coherence tomography. The apparent (or intermediate) optic axis and local phase retardation are first obtained by fitting plane adjacent along depths in Poincare sphere. A sequence 3D rotation operation determined property upper layers is then applied finally determine axis. This requires only...

A receiving telescope is an indispensable component in atmospheric remote sensing polarization lidar. In order to achieve accurate depolarization measurements, it necessary study the properties of telescopes, which are embodied by their Mueller matrices. this paper, matrices telescopes obtained ray tracing with space vectors. The relationship between measurement errors parameter and elements matrix derived. terms orientation, field view, F number analyzed, respectively. By comparing two...

We report the use of an electrically tunable lens (ETL) in a 1.3 μm spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) system to overcome depth focus (DOF) limitation conventional OCT systems for angiography (OCTA) mouse cerebral cortex. The ETL provides fast and dynamic control axial probe beam along entire range cortex, upon which we performed blood flow imaging all cortical layers by stitching OCTA images automatically captured at six focal depths. Capillary vasculature velocity were...