A5091566121- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
Duke University
2015-2025
Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
2023-2024
Duke University Hospital
2015-2024
Duke Medical Center
2015-2024
Southeast University
2024
Nanjing Agricultural University
2023-2024
University of New Hampshire
2024
University of New Hampshire at Manchester
2024
University of Massachusetts Amherst
2019
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
2016
The focus of the present study was to define human plasma lipidome and establish novel analytical methodologies quantify large spectrum lipids. Partial lipid analysis is now a regular part every patient's blood test physicians readily regularly prescribe drugs that alter levels major lipids such as cholesterol triglycerides. Plasma contains many thousands distinct molecular species fall into six main categories including fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids,...
The spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes steatosis, steatohepatitis (NASH), and cirrhosis. Recognition timely diagnosis these different stages, particularly NASH, is important for both potential reversibility limitation complications. Liver biopsy remains the clinical standard definitive diagnosis. Diagnostic tools minimizing need invasive procedures or that add information to histologic data are in novel management strategies growing epidemic NAFLD. We describe an...
Depending on growth phase and culture conditions, cardiolipin (CL) makes up 5-15% of the phospholipids in Escherichia coli with remainder being primarily phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) phosphatidylglycerol (PG). In E. coli, cls ybhO genes (renamed clsA clsB, respectively) each encode a CL synthase (Cls) that catalyzes condensation two PG molecules to form glycerol. However, ΔclsAB mutant still stationary phase, indicating existence additional Cls. We identified third Cls encoded by ymdC...
Moving Bricks with MraY Peptidoglycan, the building brick of bacterial cell walls, is synthesized in cytoplasm and must be transported across membrane. To achieve this, it attached to a carrier lipid by integral membrane protein MraY. targeted natural antibacterials promising antibiotic target. Chung et al. (p. 1012 ) report crystal structure at 3.3 Å resolution. The structure, together mutational mapping, outlines location active site provides interesting hints for how enzyme binds...
Solution folding of a protein removes major sections it from their aqueous environment. Complete removal, by forming water-free gaseous ions with electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry, profoundly changes the conformation cytochrome c. Of these ions' exchangeable hydrogen atoms, D2O replaces 30% to 70% in distinct values indicative at least six conformational states. Although this is increased >95% colliding D2O, instead N2 and subsequent exposure gives same H/D exchange values, although...
The outer monolayer of the membrane Gram-negative bacteria consists lipid A component lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glucosamine-based saccharolipid that is assembled on inner surface membrane. first six enzymes pathway are required for bacterial growth and excellent targets development new antibiotics. Following assembly, ABC transporter MsbA flips nascent LPS to periplasmic side membrane, whereupon additional transport proteins direct it Depending bacterium, various covalent modifications...
Lipids orchestrate biological processes by acting remotely as signaling molecules or locally membrane components that modulate protein function. Detailed insight into lipid function requires knowledge of the subcellular localization individual lipids. We report an analysis lipidome mammalian macrophage, a cell type plays key roles in inflammation, immune responses, and phagocytosis. Nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plasmalemma, cytoplasm were isolated from RAW 264.7...
Background The lipopeptide antibiotic, daptomycin (DAP) interacts with the bacterial cell membrane (CM). Development of DAP resistance during therapy in a clinical strain Enterococcus faecalis was associated mutations genes encoding enzymes involved envelope homeostasis and phospholipid metabolism. Here we characterized changes CM profiles development enterococcal strains. Methodology Using two strain-pairs DAP-susceptible DAP-resistant E. (S613 vs. R712) faecium (S447 R446) recovered before...
Modification of lipid A with the 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose (l-Ara4N) moiety is required for resistance to polymyxin and cationic antimicrobial peptides in Escherichia coli Salmonella typhimurium. An operon seven genes (designated pmrHFIJKLM S. typhimurium), which regulated by PmrA transcription factor also present E. coli, necessary maintenance resistance. We previously elucidated roles pmrHFIJK biosynthesis attachment l-Ara4N renamed these arn-BCADT, respectively. now propose functions...
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains (VREfm) are critical public health concerns because they among the leading causes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections. Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a bisbiguanide cationic antiseptic that routinely used for patient bathing and other infection control practices. VREfm likely frequently exposed to CHX; however, long-term effects CHX exposure have not been studied in enterococci. In this study, we serially increasing concentrations period 21...
The distribution of phospholipids across the inner membrane (IM) Gram-negative bacteria is unknown. We demonstrate that IMs Escherichia coli and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are asymmetric, with a 75%/25% (cytoplasmic/periplasmic leaflet) phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in rod-shaped cells an opposite E. filamentous cells. In initially PE-lacking cells, nascent PE appears first periplasmic leaflet. As total content increases from nearly zero to 75%, progressively adopt rod shape cytoplasmic...
The zinc-dependent enzyme LpxC catalyzes the deacetylation of UDP-3-O-acyl-GlcNAc, first committed step lipid A biosynthesis. Lipid is an essential component outer membranes most Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, making attractive target for antibiotic design. inhibition by a novel N-aroyl-l-threonine hydroxamic acid (CHIR-090) from recent patent application (International Patent WO 2004/062601 A2 to Chiron University...
The phosphorylation state of the C-terminal repeat domain (CTD) largest subunit RNA polymerase II changes as transcribes a gene, and distinct forms phospho-CTD (PCTD) recruit different nuclear factors to elongating polymerase. Set2 histone methyltransferase from yeast was recently shown bind PCTD by means novel termed Set2–Rpb1 interacting (SRI) domain. Here, we report solution structure SRI in human (hSRI domain), which adopts left-turned three-helix bundle distinctly other structurally...
beta-Arrestins are multifunctional adaptor proteins that regulate seven transmembrane-spanning receptor (7TMR) desensitization and internalization also initiate alternative signaling pathways. Studies have shown beta-arrestins undergo a conformational change upon interaction with agonist-occupied, phosphorylated 7TMRs. Although changes been reported for visual arrestin beta-arrestin2, these studies not representative of in beta-arrestin1. Accordingly, this study, we determine beta-arrestin1...