Thermoplasma acidophilum HO-62 was grown at different pHs and temperatures, its polar lipid compositions were determined. Although the number of cyclopentane rings in caldarchaeol moiety increased when T. cultured high temperature, decreased low pHs. Glycolipids, phosphoglycolipids, phospholipids analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light-scattering detector. The amount more than two sugar units on one side under low-pH high-temperature conditions. amounts...

The structure of membrane lipids in Archaea is different from those Bacteria and Eucarya many ways including the chirality glycerol backbone. Until now, heterochiral membranes were believed to be unstable; thus, no cellular organism could have existed before separation groups life. In this study, we tested formation hybrid made Bacterial sn-glycerol-3-phosphate-type polar lipid Archaeal sn-glycerol-1-phosphate-type using fluorescence probe. stability liposomes phosphatidylethanolamines or...

ABSTRACT Polar ether lipids of Thermoplasma acidophilum HO-62 were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light-scattering detector. Structures investigated capillary gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Three types found: phospholipids, glycolipids, phosphoglycolipids. The two phospholipids had glycerophosphate as the phosphoester moiety. seven glycolipids different combinations gulose, mannose, glucose, which formed mono- or...

A pink-red pigmented, non-motile, coccoid bacterial strain, ST0316(T), was isolated from dust samples collected the stratosphere in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that it belonged to genus Deinococcus. DNA G+C content (69.8 mol%), desiccation tolerance, and resistance gamma-rays [D(10) (dose required reduce population by 10-fold) >8 kGy] UV radiation (D(10) 1000 J m(-2)) supported affiliation of strain ST0316(T) The major peptidoglycan amino acids were...

In this study, we investigated whether dietary glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and its metabolite sphingoid bases, sphingosine (SS), phytosphingosine (PS), sphingadienine (SD) 4-hydroxysphingenine (4HS), influence cornified envelope (CE) formation. CE is formed during terminal differentiation of the epidermis through crosslinking specific precursor proteins by transglutaminases (TGases), essential for skin's barrier function. Oral administration GlcCer (0.25 mg/day) 14 consecutive days...

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and the recently introduced Kendrick defect (HRKMD) analysis are combined to thoroughly characterize non-ionic surfactants made of a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) core capped by esters fatty acids. A PEO monostearate surfactant is first analyzed as proof principle HRKMD conducted with fraction EO base unit (EO/X X being an integer) in lieu for regular KMD analysis. Data visualization greatly enhanced...

For the thermal desorption of low-volatility compounds, rapid heating followed by instant cooling is desirable to suppress decomposition. In this work, a new method, heat pulse (HPD), was developed. A heated N2 gas (350 °C, 50 ms) directed solid sample surface, and desorbed analytes were ionized DC corona discharge mass analyzed an Orbitrap spectrometer. Because transfer from surface not very efficient, occurs at certain temperature before reaching 350 °C. short, there self-controlling...

ABSTRACT Quinones of Thermoplasma acidophilum HO-62 were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Menaquinone, methionaquinone, 2- trans cis forms thermoplasmaquinone identified. The relative amount increased under anaerobic conditions, those menaquinone methionaquinone aerobic conditions.

Analyzing the natural moisturizing factor (NMF) in stratum corneum (SC), such as amino acids, pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, and urocanic is important dermatology research.

A new method for the analysis of ubiquinones in various samples was developed using an HPLC system with postcolumn derivatization. Craven's reaction, a specific color reaction ubiquinones, used system. Because progressed organic solvents that contained and ethylcyanoacetate under alkaline condition, selectivity ubiquinone detection higher than nonderivatized ultraviolet at 275 nm, widely ubiquinones. The can avoid adverse effects impurities. Furthermore, it confirm specificity by stopping...

A novel method for the simultaneous detection of ingredients in pharmaceutical applications such as creams and lotions was developed. An ultrasonic atomizer has been used to produce a mist containing ingredients. The analyte molecules can be ionized by using direct analysis real time (DART) at lower temperature than traditionally used, we thus solved problem normal DART-MS measurement high-temperature gas. Thereby, molecular-related ions heat-unstable components nonvolatile became...

CO3-• and O2-• are known to be strong oxidizing reagents in biological systems. particular can cause serious damage DNA proteins by H• abstraction reactions. However, of the gas phase has not yet been reported. In this work we report on gas-phase ion/molecule reactions with various molecules. was generated corona discharge an O2 reagent using a cylindrical tube ion source. application 15 kHz high frequency voltage sharp needle ambient air at threshold for appearance signal. CO3-•, decrease...

Thermus thermophilus has several minor lipid molecules with structures that have not been described yet. In this study, we identified a new molecule in T. HB8 an amino group at the polar head, by detecting spots HPTLC and mass spectrometry. The structure of resembles sugar phospholipid, except for glucosamine lacks acetyl group. We named phosphoglycolipid PGLN, proposed its synthetic pathway from precursor, phosphatidyl-glyceric alkylamine. primary amine PGLN may contribute to high...

Superconducting YBa2Cu3Oy thin films have been successfully prepared in situ by the opposed-targets magnetron sputtering method without introducing oxygen into chamber after deposition. Although were cooled down under 1 atm of nitrogen atmosphere deposition, they showed zero resistance Tc as high 88 K with a relatively sharp transition width ΔTc (90%–10%) 2 K. This suggests that growing contain enough to show superconductivity, other words, possibility forming orthorhombic structure during...

The membrane lipids of Thermus species have unique structures. Only four polar lipid so far been identified in thermophilus HB8; namely, are two phosphoglycolipids and glycolipids, both which three branched fatty acid chains. Other molecules may be present; however, they not far. To clarify the whole profile T. HB8, we cultured this organism under different growth (temperature and/or nutrition) conditions analyzed compositions acids by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) gas...

YBaCuO superconducting thin films were prepared by oxidizing the multilayered composed of Ba, Y 2 O 3 and Cu in oxygen-helium plasma. The superconductive properties these found to be strongly dependent on DC bias applied substrate during plasma oxidation. negative increases c -axis-preferred orientation, whereas oxidation proceeds more easily under positive bias. Therefore, combination both is great advantage preparation high-quality films.

The sample current against the counterelectrode during plasma oxidation process of copper thin films were measured and mechanism was discussed combined with obtained reaction products on surface. changes similarities for YBCO multilayered successfully explained. It also found that proceeded at a temperature lower than needed construction structure, there still some amount metallic remaining even in case high- T c sputter-deposited films.