Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a chronic prevalent condition characterised by intermittent hypoxia (IH), and associated with endothelial dysfunction coronary artery disease (CAD). OSA can induce major changes in gut microbiome diversity composition, which turn may the emergence of OSA-associated morbidities. However, causal effects IH-induced on vasculature remain unexplored. Our objective was to assess if vascular induced IH mediated through changes.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To document differences in the microbiota of healthy cats versus with urethral obstruction (UO); compare urinary oral, preputial, and rectal microbiota; demonstrate that 16S rRNA gene sequencing will reveal rich diverse microbiota. METHODS 15 client-owned UO age-matched were included from July 2020 through April 2021. Exclusion criteria evidence tract infection, urolithiasis, antimicrobial administration, catheterization past 30 days, or a comorbidity. This study was...

To study the impact of differing specific pathogen-free gut microbiomes (GMs) on a murine model inflammatory bowel disease, selected GMs were transferred using embryo transfer (ET), cross-fostering (CF), and co-housing (CH). Prior work showed that GM method microbial composition donor recipient can influence colonization disease phenotypes in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. When low richness was to with high via CH, failed successfully colonize, more severe phenotype resulted when...

Abstract There is limited understanding of how the microbiota colonizing various maternal tissues contribute to development neonatal gut (GM). To determine contribution microbiotic sites offspring in upper and lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT) during early life, litters mice were sacrificed at 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 21 days age, fecal ileal samples collected. Dams euthanized alongside their pups, oral, vaginal, ileal, This was done parallel using with either a low-richness or high-richness...

Compromised barrier function of colon epithelium with aging is largely due to gut microbial dysbiosis. Recent studies implicate an important role for angiotensin converting enzymes, ACE and ACE2, angiotensins, the receptors, AT1 receptor (AT1R) Mas (MasR), in regulation functions. The present study tested hypothesis that leaky associated imbalance ACE2/ACE treatment angiotenisn-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) will restore integrity microbiome. Studies were carried out Young (3-4 months) old (20-24 male...

Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is a common among athletic horses that can negatively impact health and performance. The pathophysiology of this EGGD remains poorly understood. Previous studies using controlled populations identified differences in the mucosal microbiome associated with disease. objective study was to compare those without across multiple barns differing management practices. We hypothesized alterations mucosa are EGGD. A secondary perform risk factor analysis for...

Deviations from a core airway microbiota have been associated with the development and progression of asthma as well disease severity. Pet cats represent large animal model for allergic asthma, they spontaneously develop similar to atopic childhood asthma. This study aimed describe lower asthmatic pet compare it healthy document respiratory dysbiosis occurring inflammation. We hypothesized that would characterized by decrease in richness, diversity, alterations microbial community...

Obesity places a tremendous burden on individual health and the healthcare system. The gut microbiome (GM) influences host metabolism behaviors affecting body weight (BW) such as feeding. GM of mice varies between suppliers significantly BW. We sought to determine whether GM-associated differences in BW are associated with intake, fecal energy loss, or fetal growth. Pair-housed colonized low high microbial richness were weighed, total BW-adjusted intake measured at weaning adulthood. Pups...

Introduction At one time thought to be extinct in the wild, Wyoming toad ( Anaxyrus baxteri ) is of most critically endangered North American amphibian species. Despite approximately 20 years ex situ breeding and reintroduction programs, this species remains functionally wild. There concern among those working these programs that individuals bred captivity fail develop a microbiome withstands stressors their native habitat following release. In related species, skin has been shown have...

Practical considerations in fecal sample collection for microbiome research include time to storage, of collection, and hindgut position during terminal collections. Here, parallel experiments were performed investigate the relative effect these factors on composition mice colonized with two different vendor-origin microbiomes. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing immediately flash-frozen feces showed no difference alpha or beta diversity compared samples incubated up 9 h at room temperature....

The microorganisms colonizing the gastrointestinal tract of animals, collectively referred to as gut microbiome, affect numerous host behaviors dependent on central nervous system (CNS). Studies comparing germ-free mice normally colonized have demonstrated influences microbiome anxiety-related behaviors, voluntary activity, and gene expression in CNS. Additionally, there is epidemiologic evidence supporting an intergenerational influence maternal neurodevelopment offspring behavior later...

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex human neurodiversities increasing in prevalence within the population. In search of therapeutics to improve quality-of-life for ASD patients, gut microbiome (GM) has become a promising target as growing body work supports roles community microorganisms influencing host behavior via gut-brain-axis. However, whether naturally-occurring microbial diversity GM affects these behaviors is often overlooked. Here, we applied model population-level...

In humans, deviation from a core airway microbiota may predispose to development, exacerbation, or progression of asthma. We proposed describe changes using 16 rRNA sequencing in samples the upper and lower airways, rectal swabs 8 cats after experimental induction asthma Bermuda grass allergen, acute (6 weeks) chronic (36 stages. hypothesized that would decrease richness diversity alter composition structure without significantly impacting other sites. After induction, decreased (p = 0.014)...

Background and AimsVasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide involved in the regulation of feeding behavior circadian rhythms, metabolism, immunity. Previous studies revealed homeostatic effects VIP signaling on gut microbiota. VIP-deficient mice demonstrate microbiota dysbiosis characterized by reduced α-diversity decreased relative abundance (RA) Gram-positive Firmicutes. However, mechanism which affects changes unknown.MethodsTo investigate role 2 cognate G protein-coupled...

Abstract OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship diet and management factors with glandular gastric mucosal microbiome. We hypothesize that microbial community is influenced by factors. Our specific objective microbiome in relation these ANIMALS 57 client-owned horses southern Louisiana region without equine disease. PROCEDURES Diet data were collected via a questionnaire. Gastroscopy used for evaluation ulcer syndrome collection pinch biopsies. 16S rRNA...

Mouse models are critical tools in tuberculosis (TB) research. Recent studies have demonstrated that the wild mouse gut microbiota promotes host fitness and improves disease resistance. Here we examine whether alters immunopathology of TB BALB/c mice. Conventional mice (LabC) born to germ-free mothers reconstituted with (WildR) were used our studies. WildR controlled initial infection better than LabC The microbial communities had similar richness but significantly different composition...

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect partial replacement dietary hay with sugar beet pulp (SBP) on composition and predicted function fecal microbiota healthy adult horses. Fecal samples were collected daily for 12 days from six horses after removal pasture, including a five-day acclimation period, seven-day period following introduction SBP into their diet, compared untreated over comparable period. DNA was subjected 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing longitudinal analysis...

Inflammatory outcomes, including toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) and infectious endophthalmitis, are potentially painful, blinding complications following cataract surgery. In an in vitro pilot study, commercially available, sterile foldable intraocular lenses (IOLs) used during routine canine surgery, their packaging fluid were surveyed for the presence of bacterial DNA and/or viable (cultivable) bacteria. Swabs from IOLs three different veterinary manufacturers production...

Abstract The gut microbiota (GM) influences multiple processes during host development and maintenance. To study these events, fecal transfer (FMT) to germ-free (GF) recipients is often performed. Mouse models of disease are also susceptible GM-dependent effects, cryo-repositories store feces from donated mouse strains. Shipping live mice may affect the GM result in an inaccurate representation baseline GM. We hypothesize that use such samples for FMT would shipping-induced changes donor GF...

Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex human neurodiversities increasing in prevalence within the population. In search of therapeutics to improve quality-of-life for ASD patients, gut microbiome (GM) has become a promising target as growing body work supports roles community microorganisms influencing host behavior via gut-brain-axis. However, whether naturally-occurring microbial diversity GM affects these behaviors is often overlooked. Here we applied model population-level...

Abstract OBJECTIVE To determine if multistrain probiotics administered to asthmatic cats treated with anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids would attenuate the phenotype and beneficially alter respiratory, blood, oropharyngeal (OP) microbial communities immune parameters versus placebo. ANIMALS 13 client-owned cats. METHODS A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of receiving oral or placebo assessed owner-perceived improvement airway eosinophilia at baseline after 2 weeks...

Abstract Background The gut microbiome (GM) affects host growth and development, behavior, disease susceptibility. Biomedical research investigating the mechanisms by which GM influences phenotypes often involves collecting single fecal samples from laboratory mice. Many environmental factors can affect composition of in mice while efforts are made to minimize these sources variation, biological variation at cage or individual mouse level technical 16S rRNA library preparation exist may...

The gut microbiome (GM) influences multiple processes during host development and maintenance. To study these events, fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) to germ-free (GF) recipients is often performed. Mouse models of disease are also susceptible GM-dependent effects, cryo-repositories store feces from donated mouse strains. Shipping live mice may affect the GM result in an inaccurate representation baseline GM. We hypothesize that use such samples for FMT would shipping-induced changes donor...

To study the impact of differing specific pathogen-free gut microbiomes (GMs) on a murine model inflammatory bowel disease, selected GMs were transferred using embryo transfer (ET), cross-fostering (CF), and co-housing (CH). Prior work showed that GM method microbial composition donor recipient can influence colonization disease phenotypes in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. When low richness was to with high via CH, failed successfully colonize, more severe phenotype resulted when...