A5038793225- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Malaria Research and Control
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Global Health Care Issues
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- Sex work and related issues
- Travel-related health issues
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Healthcare Systems and Reforms
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Migration, Health and Trauma
University of Manitoba
2023-2025
St. Michael's Hospital
2024-2025
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
2025
University of Basel
2025
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research
2025
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
2023-2024
Center for Discovery
2023-2024
Hackensack Meridian Health
2023-2024
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
2023
Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico
2023
Background The number of people living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Myanmar has been increasing rapidly recent years. This study aimed to estimate rates virological failure first-line ART and switching second-line due at the Integrated Care program (IHC). Methods Routinely collected data all adolescent adult patients who were initiated IHC between 2005 2015 retrospectively analyzed. cumulative hazard estimated. Crude adjusted ratios calculated using Cox regression model...
Bhutan is currently facing a double burden of non-communicable (NCDs) and communicable diseases, with rising trends NCDs. The 2014 STEPS survey identified high prevalence several NCD risk factors; however, associations socio-demographic characteristics as well clustering factors were not assessed. This study aimed to determine the distribution modifiable among adults in their demographic social determinants. was secondary analysis data from Risk Factors WHO Survey Bhutan. A weighted...
We evaluated 85 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)—negative patients with tuberculosis for clinical features and CD4 cell counts. Thirty-seven had low counts (mean ± SD, 341 116 cells/µL), 48 normal 830 254 cells/µL). were most strongly correlated total lymphocyte (r = 0.84). If count was excluded, depressed significantly associated serum albumin levels, extensive pulmonary disease, body-mass index, hematocrit. Of these four variables, multivariate linear discriminant analysis revealed that...
Myanmar adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) Package for Essential Non-Communicable Disease Interventions (PEN) in 20 pilot townships 2017. This study was conducted to assess implementation of PEN, its effectiveness and understand facilitators barriers implementation.Mixed methods design involving a quantitative component (retrospective analysing both aggregate individual patient data from PEN project records; cross-sectional facility survey using structured checklist) descriptive...
Understanding the role of B cells in tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for developing new TB vaccines. However, changes cell immune landscapes during and their functional implications remain incompletely explored. Using high-dimensional flow cytometry to map landscape response Mycobacterium (Mtb) infection, our results show an accumulation marginal zone (MZB) other unconventional subsets lungs spleen, shaping landscape. These MZB exhibit activated memory-like phenotypes, distinguishing profiles...
Abstract Background Tecovirimat is an antiviral drug that was used compassionately for treating mpox in high-income settings during the 2022 global outbreak. Randomized controlled trials of its efficacy have not yet been completed. Objectives To describe medication adherence, tolerability and clinical outcomes adults receiving open-label tecovirimat infection. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study retrospective case series with cared at three academic hospitals Toronto,...
Introduction During rollout of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, several jurisdictions extended the interval between first and second doses to prioritize wider population access limited vaccine supply. This study evaluated effects an dose on development antibody cell-mediated responses following primary series a subsequent booster dose. Methods Blood samples were collected from mRNA recipients at baseline longitudinally after each Samples analyzed for SARS-CoV-2-specific titers, neutralizing...
Effective case management is crucial for malaria control efforts and a cornerstone of programmes. Yet, although efficacious treatments exist, often faces challenges, such as poor access to treatment providers, supply-chain issues, non-compliance with guidelines or substandard medication. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), progress in has stagnated recent years. This study identifies barriers areas improvement PNG.A cascade care model was used estimate the health system effectiveness management. Data...
Introduction: Excessive use of internet can lead to "Internet Addiction". A sharp rise in the number users among adolescents Bhutan have been observed lately which could potential side-effects on their health. The aim this study was find prevalence addiction and psychological co-morbidities secondary school-going adolescents.
 Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional quan-qual sequential mixed method design with quantitative component qualitative component. conducted between 1st...
Vaccination is a key public health strategy that known to be effective in mitigating the risk of infection and severe disease. However, context COVID-19 pandemic, percentage (<50%) Malaysians who have received booster for vaccine has remained stagnant over year. This study aimed determine prevalence factors associated with hesitancy toward second dose vaccine. A web-based cross-sectional was conducted from August November 2022. The Oxford Vaccine Hesitancy Scale used assess Simple multiple...
Loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) throughout the Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) cascade remains one major threats to success PMTCT programs. In this study, we aimed determine mother-to-child transmission rate in a programmatic setting and factors associated with LTFU among enrolled mothers unfavorable outcomes HIV-exposed babies which includes being HIV positive, death LTFU.A retrospective cohort study reviewing routinely collected data an Integrated care program, Mandalay,...
To achieve the Sustainable Development Goal related to maternal and neonatal outcomes, World Health Organization advocates for a first antenatal care (ANC) contact before 12 weeks of gestation. In order guide interventions early ANC in lower middle-income setting Bhutan, we conducted an assessment magnitude determinants late this context. This was mixed-methods study with quantitative (cross-sectional study) qualitative (in-depth interviews pregnant women providers) component concurrent...
A well-preserved fossil talus [National Museum of Myanmar Primates (NMMP) 82] a large-bodied primate is described from the late middle Eocene Pondaung Formation central Myanmar. The specimen was collected at Thandaung Kyitchaung, well-known amphipithecid primate-bearing locality near village Mogaung. NMMP 82 adds to meager but growing sample postcranial remains documenting primates Formation. This new exhibits suite features that resemble conditions found in living and haplorhine primates,...
We assessed the effect of an active case finding (ACF) project on tuberculosis (TB) notification and yields from a household neigbourhood intervention (screening contacts historical index TB patients diagnosed >24months ago) community attendants health education sessions/mobile clinics).Cross-sectional analysis records, township registers annual reports.In intervention, 56,709 people screened, 1,076 were presumptive 74 treated for with screening yield 0.1% cases 6.9%. In 162,881 4,497 984...
Myanmar has a high burden of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and second-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) been available since 2008 in the public health sector. However, there have no published data about outcomes such patients until now.To assess programmatic factors associated with unfavorable (treatment failure, death loss to follow-up from care) among people living HIV (aged ≥ 10 years) receiving protease inhibitor-based ART under Integrated Care Program between October June...
Malaria is one of the top-five contributors to under-5 deaths in Myanmar. Use insecticide-treated nets (ITN) and receiving early appropriate care case fever are core interventions prevent malaria its complications thereby deaths. This study aimed assess among under-five children, (a) utilization ITNs associated factors, (b) care-seeking behaviour their caregivers factors uptake testing those with last 2 weeks.This was a cross sectional using secondary analysis Myanmar Demographic Health...
The elderly are considered a high-risk group for severe outcomes and death from COVID-19 infection. Given the emergence of new COVID variants immunity provided by vaccines waning over time, booster doses vaccine have been advocated those at risk to stay protected. This study aimed determine factors associated with hesitancy toward second among residing in residential care homes. A cross-sectional was conducted 24 homes Klang Valley using face-to-face interview questionnaire. population...
China's 1-3-7 approach was extensively implemented to monitor the timeframe of case reporting, investigation and foci response in malaria elimination. However, activities before diagnosis reporting (before '1') would counteract efficiency but few data have evaluated this issue. This study aims evaluate timelines between onset fever at healthcare facilities Shanxi Province. Routine were extracted from IDIRMS NMISM database 2013 2018. Time intervals healthcare-seeking calculated. Each...
Pre-treatment loss to follow-up (PTLFU) among tuberculosis (TB) patients is a global public health problem, because such are highly infectious and experience high mortality. There no published evidence on this issue from Myanmar.To determine PTLFU treatment delays (> 7 days duration between the date of diagnosis starting anti-TB treatment) their associated demographic, clinical, system-related factors bacteriologically confirmed (sputum smear-positive and/or Xpert-positive) TB diagnosed in...
ince the declaration of pandemic on March 11, 2020, COVID-19 has been spreading to almost every country across world, leading a rising tally more than 14 million cases, and half deaths [1].The which originated in China, slowly made its way neighbouring countries including Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar.With fragile health system exacerbated by long ongoing civil wars conflicts, Myanmar is especially vulnerable spread because 2227-km porous border with China where workers migrants cross...
A previous review of early infant diagnosis (EID) using polymerase chain reaction technology (PCR) under integrated HIV care (IHC) program in Myanmar revealed a low uptake timely (within 6 to 8 weeks babies' age) EID and long turnaround time (TAT) receiving results.This study aimed determine the proportion factors associated with composite outcome TAT (≥7 weeks; from sample collection receipt result by mother) or nonreceipt among HIV-exposed babies whose blood samples were collected for PCR...
Setting: Two drug treatment centres (DTCs) for people who inject drugs (PWID) and are enrolled in methadone maintenance therapy (MMT), Yangon, Myanmar. Objectives: To determine, PWID MMT from 2015 to 2017, 1) testing uptake results human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) C (HCV); 2) risk factors infection; 3) retention care loss follow-up (LTFU). Design: Cohort study using secondary data. Results: Of 642 PWID, 578 (90.0%) were tested HIV, HBV and/or HCV. Overall, 404 (69.9%)...