Abstract The retinal Müller glial cells, can enhance the survival and activity of neurons, especially ganglion cells (RGCs), which are neurons affected in diseases such as glaucoma, diabetes, ischemia. It has been demonstrated that glia release neurotrophic factors support RGC survival, yet many these remain to be elucidated. To define factors, a quantitative proteomic approach was adopted aiming at identifying neuroprotective proteins. First, conditioned medium from porcine cultured vitro...

Mitochondrial damage plays a prominent role in glaucoma. The only way cells can degrade whole mitochondria is via autophagy, process called mitophagy. Thus, studying mitophagy the context of glaucoma essential to understand disease. Up date limited tools are available for analyzing vivo. We have taken advantage mito-QC reporter, recently generated mouse model that allows an accurate assessment fill this gap. used primary RGCs and retinal explants derived from mice quantify activation vitro...

Glaucoma, a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide. This study aims to elucidate the critical role Müller glia (MG) in context retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, particularly focusing on influence peripheral MG sensitivity high pressure (HP). Co-cultures porcine RGCs with were isolated from both central and regions pig retinas subjected normal HP conditions. Mass spectrometry analysis MG-conditioned medium was conducted identify proteins...

Müller cells are the predominant glial elements in retina, extending vertically across this structure, and they fulfill a wealth support roles that critical for neurons. Alterations to behavior phenotype of glia often seen animal models retinal degeneration tissue from patients with variety disorders. Thus, elucidating mechanisms underlying development diseases would help better understand cellular processes involved such pathological changes. Studies into cell activity vitro have been...

RNA binding protein with multiple splicing (RBPMS) is expressed exclusively in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) the retina and can label all RGCs normal retinas of mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, cats, monkeys, but its function these not known. As a result limited knowledge regarding RBPMS, we analyzed expression RBPMS different mammalian species (humans, rats), various stages development (neonatal adult) levels injury (control, hypoxia, organotypic culture or explants). In control...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative after Alzheimer's disease. In this study, tear proteome profile of patients with idiopathic PD (iPD, n = 24), carriers E46K-SNCA mutation (n 3) and healthy control (CT, 27) subjects was analyzed to identify candidate biomarkers for diagnosis PD. An observational, prospective case-control pilot study carried out, analyzing participants samples by nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) assessing their...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes, for which hyperglycemia major etiological factor. It known that retinal glia (Müller cells) and ganglion cells (RGCs) are affected by there evidence DR associated with neural degeneration. Dexamethasone glucocorticoid used to treat many inflammatory autoimmune conditions, including several eye diseases like DR. Thus, our goal was study the effect dexamethasone on survival RGCs Müller glial isolated from rat retinas maintained in...

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glycosylated phosphoprotein that influences cell survival, inflammation, migration, and homeostasis after injury. As the role of OPN in retina remains unclear, this study issue was addressed by aiming to how absence knock-out mice affects influence age on these effects. The focused retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) glial (astrocytes, Müller cells, resident microglia) 3- 20-month-old mice. number RGCs quantified area occupied astrocytes measured. In addition,...

Retinal neurons, particularly retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), are susceptible to the degenerative damage caused by different inherited conditions and environmental insults, leading irreversible vision loss and, ultimately, blindness. Numerous strategies being tested in models of degeneration restore recent years, stem cell technologies have offered novel avenues obtain donor for replacement therapies. To date, cell–based transplantation retina has been attempted as treatment photoreceptor...

In order to better understand retinal physiology, alterations which underlie some ocular diseases, we set out establish the lipid signature of two fundamental cell types in retina, Müller Glia and Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs). Moreover, compared these cells sections (in situ), as well after culturing isolating their membranes vitro). The lipidome glia RGCs was analyzed porcine using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-IMS). Isolated membranes, whole...

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) is a subtype of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) that stimulates tissue regeneration and may promote neuronal survival. It has been employed ophthalmology to achieve repair some retinal pathologies, although how PRGF acts the retina still poorly understood. As part central nervous system, limited capacity for following damage, insult can provoke death ganglion cells (RGCs), potentially producing irreversible blindness. RGCs are close contact with glial cells,...

The eye of the largest adult mammal in world, whale, offers a unique opportunity to study evolution visual system and its adaptation aquatic environments. However, difficulties obtaining cetacean samples mean these animals have been poorly studied. Thus, aim this was characterise different neurons glial cells whale retina by immunohistochemistry using range molecular markers. retinal were analysed antibodies, labelling ganglion (RGCs), photoreceptors, bipolar amacrine cells. Finally, also...

Purpose To evaluate the effect of hypoxia on neonatal pig retina and brain, we analysed retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) neurons in superior colliculus, as well response astrocytes both these central nervous system (CNS) structures. Methods Newborn pigs were exposed to 120 minutes hypoxia, induced by decreasing inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO2: 10–15%), followed a reoxygenation period 240 21–35%). RGCs quantified using Brn3a, specific nuclear marker for cells, apoptosis was assessed through...

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) is a subtype of platelet-rich plasma that has being employed the clinic due to its capacity accelerate tissue regeneration. Autologous PRGF been used ophthalmology repair range retinal pathologies with some efficiency. In present study, we have explored role and effect on microglial motility, as well possible pro-inflammatory effects. Organotypic cultures from adult pig retinas were test obtained human blood. Microglial migration, gliosis, proliferation...

Müller cells are the principal glial in retina and they assume many of functions carried out by astrocytes, oligodendrocytes ependymal other regions central nervous system. express growth factors, neurotransmitter transporters antioxidant agents that could fulfill important roles preventing excitotoxic damage to retinal neurons. Vertebrate well-defined cells, characterized a common set features throughout phylum. Nevertheless, several major differences have been observed among distinct...

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease and the leading cause of irreversible blindness in world, whose main risk factor increased intraocular pressure. When visual problems are first detected patients with glaucoma, already half retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), neurons that send information from eye to brain, have died principally peripheral retina. The timeframe cell death prolonged, lasting even decades after an initial diagnosis. Müller glia (MG) macroglial retina, play prominent roles...

The Tear Film Lipid Layer (TFLL) acts primarily as an interface between the aqueous layer and air. film lipid is composed of a thin polar lipids that interact with secretory underlying mucosa thicker non-polar at air interface. tear has complex structure composition protects cornea, promotes wound healing, maintains high-quality vision. Plasma Rich in Growth Factor (PRGF) eye drops emerged exciting new treatment for corneal epitheliopathies, including deficient dry eye. purpose this study...