A5088217043- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Travel-related health issues
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
McGill University Health Centre
2015-2024
McGill University
2014-2024
Medicago (Canada)
2015-2024
McDonald's (United States)
2023
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2018-2022
Stony Brook University
2022
Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology
2018-2022
Technical University of Munich
2018-2022
University of California, San Francisco
2018-2022
Novartis (India)
2021-2022
The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) to reduce the postnatal transmission (PNT) HIV is based on limited data. In context a trial postpartum vitamin A supplementation, we provided education and counseling about infant feeding HIV, prospectively collected information practices, measured associated infections deaths.A total 14 110 mother-newborn pairs were enrolled, randomly assigned treatment group after delivery, followed for 2 years. At baseline, 6 weeks 3 months, mothers asked...
Background: HIV causes substantial mortality among African children but there is limited data on how this influenced by maternal or infant infection status and timing. Methods: Children enrolled in the ZVITAMBO trial were divided into 5 groups: those born to HIV-negative mothers (NE, n = 9510), HIV-positive noninfected (NI, 3135), infected utero (IU, 381), intrapartum (IP, 508), postnatally (PN, 258). Their was estimated. Results: Two-year 2.9% (NE infants), 9.2% (NI), 67.5% (IU), 65.1%...
The recent swine H1N1 influenza outbreak demonstrated that egg-based vaccine manufacturing has an Achille's heel: its inability to provide a large number of doses quickly. Using novel platform based on transient expression surface glycoproteins in Nicotiana benthamiana, we have recently candidate Virus-Like Particle (VLP) can be generated within 3 weeks release sequence information. Herein report alum-adjuvanted plant-made VLPs containing the hemagglutinin (HA) protein H5N1...
Several severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are being deployed, but the global need greatly exceeds supply, and different formulations might be required for specific populations. Here we report Day 42 interim safety immunogenicity data from an observer-blinded, dose escalation, randomized controlled study of a virus-like particle vaccine candidate produced in plants that displays SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (CoVLP: NCT04450004 ). The co-primary outcomes...
Coronavirus-like particles (CoVLP) that are produced in plants and display the prefusion spike glycoprotein of original strain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) combined with an adjuvant (Adjuvant System 03 [AS03]) to form candidate vaccine.In this phase 3, multinational, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 85 centers, we assigned adults (≥18 years age) a 1:1 ratio receive two intramuscular injections CoVLP+AS03 vaccine or placebo 21 days apart. The...
Summary A strain‐specific vaccine represents the best possible response to threat of an influenza pandemic. Rapid delivery such a world's population before peak first infection wave seems be unattainable goal with current manufacturing capacity. Plant‐based transient expression is one few production systems that can meet anticipated surge requirement. To assess capability plant agroinfiltration produce vaccine, we expressed haemagglutinin (HA) from strains A/Indonesia/5/05 (H5N1) and A/New...
Journal Article Differential CD4 T Cell Activation in Measles Get access Diane E. Griffin, Griffin Departments of Medicine (Division Infectious Diseases) and Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Meyer 6-181, Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St., MD 21287-7681. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brian J. Ward The Diseases, Volume 168, Issue 2, August 1993, Pages 275–281,...
Immune suppression has long been recognized to be a consequence of measles and likely contributor the secondary complications this infection. Since virus can isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes during early phases infection, it widely assumed that suppresses immune system by replicating in damaging T lymphocytes. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay able detect wild-type strains was applied study mononuclear cells (PBMC) natural Measles RNA detected RT-PCR...
BackgroundLow maternal serum retinol level is a risk factor for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Multiple-large-dose vitamin A supplementation HIV-positive children reduces mortality. The World Health Organization recommends single-large-dose postpartum women in areas prevalent deficiency; neonatal dosing under consideration. We investigated the effect that maternal/neonatal has on MTCT, HIV-free survival, and mortality HIV-exposed infants
Measles is associated with alterations in immune regulation that sometimes lead to secondary infections or autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Simultaneously, an effective measles virus–specific response develops. To relate activation and its complications, we studied the spontaneous proliferation of blood mononuclear cells circulating levels soluble interleukin-2 receptor CD8 T-cell antigens 126 patients complicated uncomplicated at various stages disease. Spontaneous cells, which was present...
Although vitamin A deficiency in children seems to increase susceptibility infection and community trials have shown that supplementation can reduce childhood mortality from infectious diseases, the underlying biological mechanisms are largely unknown. We conducted a randomised, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial among West Java, Indonesia, determine whether is associated with abnormalities T-cell subsets affects subsets.We studied 55 aged 3-6 years—30 xerophthalmia 25 without....
Cyp3A5 activity varies within any given ethnic population, suggesting that genetic variation the gene may be most important contributor to interindividual and interracial differences in Cyp3A-dependent drug clearance response. The full extent of polymorphism a white an indigenous African population was analyzed using DNA direct sequencing procedures. presence 10 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms detected samples, respectively. Thirteen novel mutations occurring at low frequencies were...
Objective: To validate the BED capture enzyme immunoassay for HIV-1 subtype C and to derive adjustments facilitating estimation of incidence from cross-sectional surveys. Design: Laboratory analysis archived plasma samples collected in Zimbabwe. Methods: Serial 85 women who seroconverted during postpartum year were assayed by used estimate window period between seroconversion attainment a specified absorbance. incidences prior recruitment calculated applying technique HIV-1-positive at...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major cause of pediatric morbidity in Africa. In addition, HIV-exposed, but uninfected (HEU) infants can comprise substantial proportion all born high prevalence countries and may also be vulnerable group with special health problems.A total 14,110 were recruited within 96 hours birth between November 1996 January 2000. Rates causes sick clinic visits hospitalizations during infancy investigated according to infant HIV infection group:...
<h3>Objective</h3> We describe the characteristics of 15 patients with fingolimod-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) identified from Novartis data safety base and provide risk estimates for disorder. <h3>Methods</h3> The database was searched PML cases a lock point August 31, 2017. classification based on previously published criteria. incidence were estimated using confirmed overall population treated fingolimod. <h3>Results</h3> As 2017, fingolimod-treated had...
Recent issues regarding efficacy of influenza vaccines have re-emphasized the need new approaches to face this major public health issue. In a phase 1-2 clinical trial, healthy adults received one intramuscular dose seasonal plant-based quadrivalent virus-like particle (QVLP) vaccine or placebo. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers met all European licensure criteria for type A strains at 3μg/strain and four higher dosages 21days after immunization. High HI were maintained most...
Background New influenza vaccines eliciting more effective protection are needed, particularly for the elderly who paid a large and disproportional toll of hospitalization dead during seasonal epidemics. Low (≤15 μg/strain) doses new plant-derived virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccine candidate have been shown to induce humoral cellular responses against both homologous heterologous strains in healthy adults 18–64 years age. The two clinical trials reported here addressed safety immunogenicity...
Background. The largest measles epidemic in North America the last decade, occurred 2011 Quebec, Canada, where rates of 1- and 2-dose vaccine coverage among children 3 years age were 95%–97% 90%, respectively, with 3%–5% unvaccinated. Methods. Case patients identified through passive surveillance outbreak investigation contacted to determine clinical course, vaccination status, possible source infection. Results. There 21 importations 725 cases. A superspreading event triggered by 1...
Abstract Although antivirals are important tools to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, effective vaccines essential the current disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Plant-derived virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidates have previously demonstrated immunogenicity and efficacy against influenza. Here, we report protection induced in rhesus macaques by intramuscular injections of a VLP bearing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (CoVLP) candidate formulated...
Importance Despite widespread use, summary evidence from prior meta-analyses has contradictory conclusions regarding whether oseltamivir decreases the risk of hospitalization when given to outpatients. Several large investigator-initiated randomized clinical trials have not yet been meta-analyzed. Objective To assess efficacy and safety in preventing among influenza-infected adult adolescent Data Sources PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Europe PubMed Central, Web Science, Cochrane...