purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability second-harmonic imaging identify differences in corneal stromal collagen organization between normal human and keratoconus corneas. methods. Six corneas from eye bank donors 13 patients with keratoconus, obtained after penetrating keratoplasty were examined. A femtosecond titanium-sapphire laser 800-nm output used generate signals collected at 400 nm central paracentral tissue blocks. Three-dimensional (3-D) data sets...

To develop and validate grading scales for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) that allow consistent diagnosis of MGD are suitable clinical studies.Development validation study scales.Lid margin photographs were taken in the multicenter, prospective cross-sectional control subjects. New signs (abnormal lid findings vascularity, plugging orifices, irregularity, thickening, partial glands, dropout) both upper lower eyelids developed. Three experts, 3 general ophthalmologists, non-physicians...

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) combined with meibomian gland expression (MGX) for treatment refractory dysfunction (MGD).Ninety eyes 45 patients were randomly assigned to receive either combination IPL MGX or alone (control). Each eye underwent eight sessions at 3-week intervals. Parameters evaluated before during as well 3-11 weeks after last session. Measured parameters included Standard Patient Evaluation Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire score,...

To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of relationship between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) dry eye (DE) in Japan.A population-based cross-sectional study.Participants filled questionnaires regarding ocular symptoms, systemic diseases, lifestyle factors. Meibomian gland-related parameters tear film-related were evaluated. Risk for MGD DE analyzed by using univariate multivariate logistic regression. Age-specific was estimated a general additive model with degree-3 natural splines....

In Brief PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of using femtosecond-pulse lasers to produce second-harmonic generated (SHG) signals noninvasively assess corneal stromal collagen organization. SETTING: The Eye Institute, University California, Irvine, USA. METHODS: Mouse, rabbit, and human corneas were examined by two-photon confocal microscopy a variable-wavelength femtosecond SHG signals. Two types detected: forward scattered backward scattered. Wavelength dependence signal was confirmed...

<h3>Background/aims:</h3> Loss of corneal sensation results in the development persistent epithelial defects. The combination a substance P-derived peptide (FGLM-amide) and an insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-derived (SSSR) stimulates rabbit migration vitro wound closure vivo. clinical efficacy eye-drops containing FGLM-amide SSSR for treatment defects individuals with neurotrophic keratopathy was examined prospective open study. <h3>Methods:</h3> Twenty-five consecutive patients (26...

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy combined with meibomian gland expression (MGX) for refractory dysfunction (MGD) in a prospective study conducted at 3 sites Japan. Methods: Patients obstructive MGD were enrolled and underwent 4 to 8 IPL-MGX treatment sessions 3-week intervals. Clinical assessment included Standard Patient Evaluation Eye Dryness questionnaire; noninvasive breakup time tear film interferometric fringe pattern as determined by...

To evaluate the effects of commercially available eyelid warming devices on ocular temperatures, tear film function, and meibomian glands in normal subjects patients with gland dysfunction (MGD). Ten healthy volunteers were enrolled to a single repeated for 2 weeks. MGD evaluation over 1 month. Two non-wet (Azuki no Chikara, Eye Hot R) three wet (hot towel, Mask, Memoto Este) compared masked manner. Visual analog scale (VAS) score symptoms, breakup time (TFBUT), meibum grade, temperatures...

Purpose.: To characterize the structural properties of collagen lamellae in normal and keratoconic human corneal stroma, we measured their width angle relative to Bowman's layer (BL). Methods.: Thirteen four corneas were examined. Collagen tissue blocks from central cornea visualized by second harmonic generation imaging microscopy. Images obtained 1-μm steps BL Descemet's membrane (DM) subjected three-dimensional reconstruction. The reconstructed data sets divided into 10 layers equal depth...

We investigated whether the tear interferometric pattern was able to identify differences in film kinetics among clinical subtypes of dry eye.A total 138 eyes 76 subjects (38 men and 38 women; mean age ± SD, 61.6 16.2 years) with or without eye who visited Itoh Clinic from May August 2015 were enrolled a cross-sectional study. Clinical diagnosis subtype based on parameters. The determined by interferometry classified as 0 (monotonous gray multicolor fringe noninvasive breakup time [NIBUT] ≥5...

Purpose. To examine the possible relation between corneal sensation or tear secretion and stage of diabetic retinopathy in patients. Methods. Total reflex basal were determined 95 patients with type II diabetes mellitus 58 nondiabetic control subjects. Tear was measured by Schirmer test a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. Results. Corneal total significantly reduced compared controls. The loss sensation, but not that secretion, correlated who diagnosed no retinopathy, simple preproliferative...

Glaucoma represents the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. While both age and intraocular pressure (IOP) are well-recognized risk factors for this disease, underlying pathologic process involves accelerated death retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that is associated with progressive loss vision. The RGCs has been postulated to occur primarily by injury axons in optic nerve head (ONH) due its anatomic features mechanical vulnerability lamina cribrosa, specialized ONH zone comprised...

The structure of collagen lamellae in the anterior stroma human cornea is thought to be an important determinant corneal rigidity. three-dimensional such normal corneas was examined.The portion 27 obtained from donor tissue for Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) surgery, and blocks (∼3-mm square) central were examined by second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging microscopy. Each scanned surface Bowman's layer a depth 150 μm, SHG forward signals collected. angles...

Purpose. To compare the clinical efficacy of confocal biomicroscopy with that noncontact specular microscopy for evaluation corneal endothelium. Methods. The endothelium was examined in 14 normal subjects (28 eyes) and 6 patients (11 Fuchs endothelial dystrophy using a microscope (SP-2000P, Topcon, Japan) biomicroscope (ConfoScan, Tomey, Japan). images calculated densities cells obtained by 2 techniques were compared. Results. For subjects, almost identical, although density these determined...

To characterize wound closure and phenotypic changes in the corneal epithelium of Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, a spontaneous model type 2 diabetes.Corneal healing was monitored by fluorescein staining after epithelial debridement. Tear secretion measured with Schirmer test, sensation evaluated an esthesiometer 13- to 15-week-old GK Wistar (control) rats. The distributions cytokeratin 12 (K12), K14, connexin43 were examined immunohistofluorescence analysis. proliferation capacity cells intact...

purpose. Human corneas with or without stromal edema were examined by second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging microscopy to characterize collagen organization. methods. Tissue buttons from 31 and 8 normal fixed, 3-mm2 blocks cut stained phalloidin, visualize the cytoskeleton. The SHG a laser confocal microscope mode-locked titanium:sapphire femtosecond laser. Samples scanned depth of 150 μm surface Bowman's layer, forward- backscatter signals collected. Phalloidin staining was detected...

To clarify the relationship between visual acuity after Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and preoperative duration of stromal edema.Yamaguchi University Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan.Comparative case series.Patients who had DSAEK were divided into 2 groups based on whether edema was less than 12 months (Group A) or more B). No patient postoperative conditions that might have affected outcomes. Postoperatively, corrected distance (CDVA) measured morphology anterior...