A5106733619- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Coal Properties and Utilization
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies
- Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Air Traffic Management and Optimization
- Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Industrial and Mining Safety
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
2016-2025
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics
2006-2012
Abstract. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) formed in the atmospheric oxidation of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) is principal tropospheric reservoir for nitrogen oxide radicals (NOx = NO + NO2). PAN enables transport and release NOx to remote troposphere with major implications global distributions ozone OH, main oxidants. Simulation a challenge models because dependence on vertical as well complex uncertain NMVOC sources chemistry. Here we use an improved representation NMVOCs...
Abstract Between 1 September and 4 October 2014, a combined airborne ground-based measurement campaign was conducted to study tropical deep convective clouds over the Brazilian Amazon rain forest. The new German research aircraft, High Altitude Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO), modified Gulfstream G550, extensive instrumentation were deployed in near Manaus (State of Amazonas). part German–Brazilian Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, Radiation Interactions Dynamics Convective Cloud...
Abstract. Powering aircraft by sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) is a pathway to reduce the climate impact of lowering lifecycle CO2 emissions and reducing ice crystal numbers radiative forcing from contrails. While effect SAF blends on contrails has been measured previously, here we present novel measurements particle emission 100 % combustion. During ECLIF3 (Emission CLimate Impact alternative Fuels) campaign, collaboration between Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Airbus,...
The amount of methane released to the atmosphere from Nord Stream subsea pipeline leaks remains uncertain, as reflected in a wide range estimates1–18. A lack information regarding temporal variation atmospheric emissions has made it challenging reconcile volumetric (bottom-up) estimates1–8 with measurement-based (top-down) estimates8–18. Here we simulate rupture emission rates and integrate these dissolution sea-surface outgassing estimates9,10 model evolution leaks. We verify our modelled...
Abstract The Nord Stream pipeline leaks on 26 September 2022 released 465 ± 20 kt of methane into the atmosphere, which is largest recorded transient anthropogenic emission event. While most gas escaped directly to a fraction dissolved in water. So far, studies fate this rely volumetric estimates or spatially sparse concentration measurements and ocean models. Here, we use atmospheric with broad spatial coverage obtained from an airborne platform estimate outgassing 19-48 t h −1 5 October...
A case of long‐range transport a biomass burning plume from Alaska to Europe is analyzed using Lagrangian approach. This was sampled several times in the free troposphere over North America, Atlantic and by three different aircraft during IGAC 2K4 experiment which part ICARTT/ITOP measurement intensive summer 2004. Measurements showed enhanced values CO, VOCs NO y , mainly form PAN. Observed O 3 levels increased 17 ppbv 5 days. photochemical trajectory model, CiTTyCAT, used examine processes...
Abstract. A PSC was detected on 6 February 2003 in the Arctic stratosphere by in-situ measurements onboard high-altitude research aircraft Geophysica. Low number densities (~10-4cm-3) of small nitric acid (HNO3) containing particles (d<6µm) were observed at altitudes between 18 and 20km. Provided temperatures remain below NAT equilibrium temperature TNAT, these have potential to grow further remove HNO3 from stratosphere, thereby enhancing polar ozone loss. Interestingly, formed less than...
Given the rapid nature of climate change occurring in Arctic and difficulty models have quantitatively reproducing observed changes such as sea ice loss, it is important to improve understanding processes leading this region, including role short-lived pollutants aerosols ozone. It has long been known that pollution produced from emissions at midlatitudes can be transported Arctic, resulting a winter/spring aerosol maximum haze. However, many uncertainties remain about composition origin...
Abstract. A severe reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is necessary to reach the objectives Paris Agreement. The implementation and continuous evaluation mitigation measures requires regular independent information on two main anthropogenic gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4). Our aim employ an observation-based method determine regional-scale emission estimates with high accuracy. We use aircraft- ground-based in situ observations CH4, CO2, monoxide (CO), wind speed from research...
Abstract. Methane (CH4) emissions from coal production amount to roughly one-third of European anthropogenic CH4 in the atmosphere. Poland is largest hard producer Union with Polish side Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) as main part it. Emission estimates for USCB individual mine ventilation shafts range between 0.03 and 20 kt a−1, amounting a basin total 440 a−1 according Pollutant Release Transfer Register (E-PRTR, http://prtr.ec.europa.eu/, 2014). We mounted ground-based, portable,...
Abstract. Number concentrations of total and non-volatile aerosol particles with size diameters >0.01 μm as well particle distributions (0.4–23 diameter) were measured in situ the Arctic lower stratosphere (10–20.5 km altitude). The measurements obtained during campaigns European Polar Stratospheric Cloud Lee Wave Experiment (EUPLEX) Envisat-Arctic-Validation (EAV). based Kiruna, Sweden, took place from January to March 2003. Measurements conducted onboard Russian high-altitude research...
Abstract. In this study, we quantify the impacts of shipping pollution on air quality and shortwave radiative effect in northern Norway, using WRF-Chem (Weather Research Forecasting with chemistry) simulations combined high-resolution, real-time STEAM2 (Ship Traffic Emissions Assessment Model version 2) emissions. emissions are evaluated airborne measurements from ACCESS (Arctic Climate Change, Economy Society) aircraft campaign, which was conducted summer 2012, two ways. First, nitrogen...
Local emissions of Arctic air pollutants and their impacts on climate, ecosystems health are poorly understood. Future increases due to warming or economic drivers may put additional pressures the fragile environment already affected by mid-latitude pollution. Aircraft data were collected, for first time, downwind shipping petroleum extraction facilities in European Arctic. Data analysis reveals discrepancies compared commonly used emission inventories, highlighting missing (e.g. drilling...
Urban areas are recognised as a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), such carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). The total amount urban GHG emissions, especially for CH4, however, is not well quantified. Here we report on airborne in situ measurements using Picarro G1301-m analyser aboard the DLR Cessna Grand Caravan to study downwind German capital Berlin. In total, five aircraft-based mass balance experiments were conducted July 2018 within Climate Under Change [UC]2...
A large quantity of CH4 is emitted to the atmosphere via ventilation shafts underground coal mines. According European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR), hard mines in Upper Silesia Coal Basin (USCB) are a strong contributor (447 kt 2017) annual emissions. However, atmospheric emissions from poorly characterized, as they dispersed over areas. As part Carbon Dioxide Mission (CoMet) pre-campaign, study USCB's regional took place August 2017. We flew recently developed active...
Abstract. Methane (CH4) is the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas, whose atmospheric concentration modulated by human-induced activities, and it has a larger global warming potential than carbon dioxide (CO2). Because of its short lifetime relative to that CO2, reduction abundance CH4 an attractive target for short-term climate mitigation strategies. However, reducing requires emissions and, therefore, knowledge sources. For this reason, CO2 (CoMet) campaign in May June 2018...
Abstract. Abundant mining and industrial activities located in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB) lead to large emissions of potent greenhouse gas (GHG) methane (CH4). The strong localization CH4 emitters (mostly confined known coal mine ventilation shafts) 448 720 kt yr−1 reported European Pollutant Release Transfer Register (E-PRTR 2017) Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR v4.3.2), respectively, make USCB a prime research target validating improving flux estimation...
Abstract. Power plants and large industrial facilities contribute more than half of global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Quantifying the emissions these point sources is therefore one main goals planned constellation monitoring satellites (CO2M) European Copernicus program. Atmospheric transport models may be used to study capabilities such through observing system simulation experiments quantify in an inverse modeling framework. How realistically plumes power can simulated how strongly...
Abstract. During the ICARTT-ITOP Experiment in summer 2004 plumes from large wildfires North America were transported to Central Europe at 3–8 km altitude above sea level (a.s.l.). These studied with DLR (Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt) research aircraft Falcon which was equipped an extensive set of situ aerosol and trace gas instruments. Analyses by Lagrangian dispersion model FLEXPART provided source regions, transport times horizontal extent fire plumes. Results general...
Abstract. In situ measurements of ice crystal size distributions in tropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UT/LS) clouds were performed during the SCOUT-AMMA campaign over West Africa August 2006. The cloud properties measured with a Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP-100) and Cloud Imaging (CIP) operated aboard Russian high altitude research aircraft M-55 Geophysica mission base Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. A total 117 particle obtained from vicinity Mesoscale Convective...
Abstract. On a research flight on 10 July 2008, the German aircraft Falcon sampled an air mass with unusually high carbon monoxide (CO), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and water vapour (H2O) mixing ratios in Arctic lowermost stratosphere. The was encountered twice at altitude of 11.3 km, ~800 m above dynamical tropopause. In-situ measurements ozone, NO, NOy indicate that this layer mixed containing both from troposphere Backward trajectory Lagrangian particle dispersion model analysis suggest...
Abstract. Vertically resolved distributions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) with global coverage in the height region from upper troposphere to ~20 km altitude have been derived observations by Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on Envisat period July 2002 April 2012. Retrieved volume mixing ratio profiles representing single measurements are characterized typical errors range 70–100 pptv and a vertical resolution ranging 3 5 km. Comparison Chemistry Experiment Fourier...
Abstract. Tunable laser direct absorption spectroscopy is a widely used technique for the in situ sensing of atmospheric composition. Aircraft deployment poses challenging operating environment instruments measuring climatologically relevant gases Earth's atmosphere. Here, we demonstrate successful adaption commercially available continuous wave quantum cascade (QCL) and interband (ICL) based spectrometer airborne trace gas measurements with local to regional focus. The instrument measures...
Abstract The Atmospheric Carbon and Transport (ACT)-America NASA Earth Venture Suborbital Mission set out to improve regional atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHG) inversions by exploring the intersection of strong GHG fluxes vigorous transport that occurs within midlatitudes. Two research aircraft instrumented with remote in situ sensors measure mole fractions, associated trace gases, state variables collected 1,140.7 flight hours data, distributed across 305 individual sorties, coordinated 121...
Abstract In the last decade, much work has been done to better understand methane (CH 4 ) emissions from oil and gas (O&G) industry in United States. Ethane (C 2 H 6 ), a that is co‐emitted with thermogenic sources of CH , emitted US predominantly by O&G sector. this study, we perform an inverse analysis on 200 h atmospheric boundary layer C measurements estimate Measurements were collected 2017 2019 as part Atmospheric Carbon Transport (ACT) America aircraft campaign encompass...