A5014790222- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- GDF15 and Related Biomarkers
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Galectins and Cancer Biology
- Immune cells in cancer
- Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
Yale University
2020-2024
University of New Haven
2018-2022
Cellular Research (United States)
2020
Significance As it is estimated that one in three Americans will suffer from type 2 diabetes by 2050, interventions to ameliorate insulin resistance are of great interest. Adiponectin has emerged as a promising insulin-sensitizing adipokine; however, the mechanisms which adiponectin administration improves sensitivity unclear. Here, we show globular (gAcrp30) and full-length (Acrp30) reverse HFD-fed mice through reductions ectopic lipid liver muscle likely stimulation LPL activity eWAT...
Significance Overnutrition leads to metabolic disorders including obesity and diabetes. Studies have shown that enhanced inflammation is an essential player in the progression of diseases. However, how immune cells sense nutritional status contribute whole-body metabolism are largely unknown. Protein O -linked β- N -acetylglucosamine ( -GlcNAc) modification thought be a sensor modulates cell signaling. Here, we show overnutrition stimulates -GlcNAc signaling macrophages. suppresses...
Meal ingestion increases body temperature in multiple species, an effect that is blunted by obesity. However, the mechanisms responsible for these phenomena remain incompletely understood. Here we show refeeding plasma leptin concentrations approximately 8-fold 48-hour-fasted lean rats, and this normalization of stimulates adrenomedullary catecholamine secretion. Increased adrenal medulla-derived catecholamines were necessary sufficient to increase postprandially, a process required both...
White adipose tissue (WAT) insulin action has critical anabolic function and is dysregulated in overnutrition. However, the mechanism of short-term high-fat diet-induced (HFD-induced) WAT resistance (IR) poorly understood. Based on recent evidences, we hypothesize that a HFD causes IR through plasma membrane (PM) sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (sn-1,2-DAG) accumulation, which promotes protein kinase C-ε (PKCε) activation to impair signaling by phosphorylating receptor (Insr) Thr1160. To test this...
Previous studies highlight the potential for sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) to exert cardioprotective effects in heart failure by increasing plasma ketones and shifting myocardial fuel utilization toward ketone oxidation. However, SGLT2i have multiple vivo differential impact of treatment supplementation on cardiac metabolism remains unclear. Here, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) liquid chromatography-tandem mass (LC-MS/MS) methodology...
Hepatic insulin resistance (IR) is often said to be "pathway-selective" with preserved stimulation of
Insulin suppresses hepatic glucose production and increases de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Paradoxically, DNL remains elevated in insulin-resistant subjects, leading to the hypothesis that insulin resistance is pathway-selective. Prior studies of are complicated by confounders, such as use markedly unphysiologic animal models or comparison animals on different diets thus availability precursors. We measured InsrT1150A knockin (KI) mice, a strain protected from diacylglycerol-mediated resistance,...
Adiponectin has emerged as an antidiabetic adipokine, and a potential therapy to treat type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanism by which adiponectin improves insulin sensitivity remains unclear. To address this question, we examined effects of 2-week continuous infusion globular (gAcrp30) or saline (CON) on glucose lipid metabolism in high fat diet fed (HFD) mouse model. Whole-body tissue-specific action was assessed hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC). gAcrp30-treated mice displayed...
White adipose tissue (WAT), as an energy storage organ, plays a major role in regulating peripheral insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenesis, but the mechanism by which lipid induces WAT is poorly understood. To examine potential of diacylglycerol (DAG) - protein kinase Cε (PKCε) receptor (INSR) pathway mediating lipid-induced resistance, we assessed action liver, muscle 7-day high fat diet (HFD) regular chow (RC) fed rats hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) combined with [3-3H]...
Severe hypoglycemia is the leading acute mortality risk in patients with diabetes. The counterregulatory gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic response to primary adaptive mechanism enable survival. To better understand hormonal that orchestrates counterregulation, we employed insulin tolerance test (ITT) hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp mimic two common settings which can occur patients: postprandial overdose elevated basal infusion, respectively. We found Growth Differentiation Factor 15...
Summary Episodic hypoglycemia is one of the best honed, evolutionary conserved phenomena in biology, because constant feast-fast cycles that have characterized most history. The counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia, mobilizing substrate stores produce glucose, primary adaptive mechanism enable survival. Catecholamines and glucagon long been considered key hormones, but here we identify a new factor. We employed insulin tolerance test (ITT) hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp mimic two...
The mechanism by which meal ingestion causes thermogenesis remains unknown. Here we show that refeeding leads to a 10x increase in plasma leptin concentrations associated with 2.5x catecholamine 48h-fasted lean rats. This leptin/catecholamine surge was 1°C body temperature (BT) (fed 35.9±0.1°C, fasted 35.4±0.0°C, P<0.001; refed 36.4±0.1°C, P<0.001 vs. and P<0.05 fed). Leptin infusion rats replicated these increases epinephrine BT. However, the effect of BT abrogated...