A5020224492- Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Retinal and Optic Conditions
- Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Complement system in diseases
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Corneal Surgery and Treatments
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Vanadium and Halogenation Chemistry
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Retinopathy of Prematurity Studies
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Corneal surgery and disorders
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Retinal and Macular Surgery
University of Utah
2020-2025
University of Utah Health Care
2024
University College London
2013-2018
Significance The chromosome 10q26 locus is the genetic region most strongly associated with elevated risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but underlying defects initiating disease are unresolved. Using human-derived eye tissues, we demonstrate that mRNA encoding serine protease, HTRA1, reduced in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) donors risk-associated variants disrupt a cis-regulatory element within locus. Consequentially, there diminished HtrA1 protein RPE–Bruch’s membrane...
Abstract The development of fluid transport systems was a key event in the evolution animals and plants. While within vertebrates branched geometries predominate, choriocapillaris, which is microvascular bed that responsible for maintenance outer retina, has evolved planar topology. Here we examine flow mass transfer properties associated with this unusual geometry. We show as result form blood decomposed into tessellation functional vascular segments various shapes delineated by separation...
Publicly available open-access OCT datasets for retinal layer segmentation have been limited in scope, often being small size, specific to a single disease, or containing only one grading. This dataset improves upon this with multi-grader and multi-disease labels training machine learning-based algorithms. The proposed covers three subsets of scans (Age-related Macular Degeneration, Diabetic Edema, healthy) annotations two types tasks (semantic object detection). compiled 5016 pixel-wise...
<h3>Importance</h3> Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of irreversible vision loss among individuals older than 50 years. Although considerable advances have been made in our understanding AMD genetics, the differential effects major associated loci on disease manifestation and progression may not be well characterized. <h3>Objective</h3> To elucidate specific associations 2 most genetic risk for AMD, the<i>CFH</i>-<i>CFHR5</i>locus chromosome 1q32 (Chr1)...
Abstract Background Single-variant associations with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), one of the most prevalent causes irreversible vision loss worldwide, have been studied extensively. However, because a lack refinement these associations, there remains considerable ambiguity regarding what constitutes genetic risk and/or protection for this disease, and how combinations affect risk. In study, we consider two common strongly AMD-associated loci, CFH-CFHR5 region on chromosome 1q32...
Dysregulation of the alternative pathway (AP) complement system is a significant contributor to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), primary cause irreversible vision loss worldwide. Here, we assess contribution liver-produced factor H-related 4 protein (FHR-4) AMD initiation and course progression. We show that FHR-4 variation in plasma at location AMD-associated pathology, retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane/choroid interface, entirely explained by three independent quantitative...
The purpose of this study was to determine if levels the HtrA1 protein in serum or vitreous humor are influenced by genetic risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) at 10q26 locus, age, sex, AMD status, and/or disease severity, and, therefore, contribution systemic and ocular process.
The two most common genetic contributors to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, are variants associated with CFH-CFHR5 on chromosome 1 (Chr1) and ARMS2/HTRA1 10 (Chr10). We sought determine if risk protective these loci drive differences in retinal thickness prior subsequent the onset clinically observable signs AMD. considered 299 individuals (547 eyes) homozygous for or haplotypes Chr1 Chr10 exclusively (Chr1-risk Chr10-risk,...
The choriocapillaris is a capillary bed located in thin layer adjacent to the outer retina and part of oxygen delivery system photoreceptors eye. blood flow approximately planar serviced by microvessels, which join through inlets perpendicular its plane. Capillaries are densely organised separated avascular septal posts, direct flow. composed juxtaposition tessellating vascular units called lobules, filled drained independently from each other. A theoretical analysis an idealised model...
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize foveal pit morphology in an African (Ghanaian) population, compare it that a Caucasian group and determine if varied with age the two populations. Methods: depth, diameter, slope, volume were interpolated from optical coherence tomography scans recorded 84 Ghanaian 37 individuals. Their association age, sex, ethnicity investigated using multilevel regression models. Results: differed significantly width, between men women (P < 0.001),...
Abstract Vision relies on the continuous exchange of material between photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris, a dense microvascular bed located underneath outer retina. The anatomy physiology choriocapillaris their association with homeostasis have proven difficult to characterize, mainly because unusual geometry this vascular bed. By analysing tissue dissected from 81 human eyes, we show that thickness does not vary significantly over large portions macula or age....
Photoreceptors (PRs) are metabolically demanding and packed at high density, which presents a challenge for nutrient exchange between the associated vascular beds tissue. Motivated by ambition to understand constraints under PRs function, in this study we have drawn together diverse physiological anatomical data order generate estimates of rates ATP production per mm 2 retinal surface area. With predictions metabolic demand companion paper, seek develop an integrated energy budget outer...
We study the flow and transport of heat or mass, modelled as passive scalars, within a basic geometrical unit three-dimensional multipolar – triangular prism characterised by side length $L$ , normalised thickness $0.01\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D700}\leqslant 0.1$ an apex angle $0<\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}<\unicode[STIX]{x03C0}$ connected to inlet outlet pipes equal radius \unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}\leqslant perpendicularly plane flow. The scalar fields are investigated over range...
ABSTRACT The thickness and appearance of retinal layers are essential markers for diagnosing studying eye diseases. Despite the increasing availability imaging devices to scan store large amounts data, analyzing images generating trial endpoints has remained a manual, error-prone, time-consuming task. In particular, lack high-quality labels different diseases hinders development automated algorithms. Therefore, we have compiled 5016 pixel-wise manual 1672 optical coherence tomography (OCT)...
Abstract Photoreceptors (PRs) are metabolically demanding and packed at high density, which presents a challenge for nutrient exchange between the associated vascular beds tissue. Motivated by ambition to understand constraints under PRs function, in this study we have drawn together diverse physiological anatomical data order generate estimates of rates ATP production per mm 2 retinal surface area. With predictions metabolic demand companion paper, seek develop an integrated energy budget...
Subdural hemorrhage along the optic nerve (ON) is a histopathological indicator of abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants. We sought to determine if this bleeding could be caused by an abrupt increase intracranial pressure transmitted cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at foramen (OF).
<h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Purpose</h3> To evaluate the thickness of macular retina and central choroid in an indigenous population from Ghana, Africa to compare them with those measured among individuals European or African ancestry. <h3>Design</h3> Cross-sectional study, systematic review meta-analyses. <h3>Participants</h3> Forty-two healthy Ghanaians 37 ancestry, additional 1,427 subjects ancestry previously published studies. <h3>Methods</h3> Macular retinal fovea, parafovea perifovea...