A5030675530- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Child Abuse and Trauma
- Resilience and Mental Health
- Birth, Development, and Health
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Gut microbiota and health
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Migration, Health and Trauma
- Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
South African Medical Research Council
2021-2025
Stellenbosch University
2016-2025
Western Cape Department of Health
2018-2024
Amsterdam University Medical Centers
2021-2022
University Medical Center Utrecht
2021-2022
Utrecht University
2021
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam
2021
Université Paris Cité
2018
Délégation Paris 7
2018
Institut Jacques Monod
2018
Inadequate immunoregulation and elevated inflammation may be risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), microbial inputs are important determinants of immunoregulation; however, the association between gut microbiota PTSD is unknown. This study investigated microbiome in a South African sample PTSD-affected individuals trauma-exposed (TE) controls to identify potential differences diversity or community structure.The Clinician-Administered Scale DSM-5 was used diagnose according...
We determined the frequency and correlates of current common mental disorders (CMDs) in a consecutive series 649 adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis (TB) or both receiving treatment at 16 primary health care centres across Zambia. Data on socio-demographic variables, clinical disease features, anxiety mood were collected. The any disorder (AD) was 30.8% major depressive (MDD) 11.3%. Although differences by group did not reach statistical significance, rates...
Mental disorders can adversely affect HIV treatment outcomes and survival. Data are scarce on premature deaths in people with mental HIV-positive populations, particularly low-income middle-income countries. In this study, we quantified excess mortality associated South Africa, adjusting for outcomes.For cohort analysed routinely collected data adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) Cape Town, Africa between Jan 1, 2004, to Dec 31, 2017. from three ART programmes were linked routine...
Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) evidence increased rates of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and both PTSD MetS are associated alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. Few investigations have examined the possible role HPA-axis dysfunction co-occurrence MetS. In a case-control study, we aimed to determine whether hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) were (i) caseness severity (ii) co-occurrence. We used Clinician-Administered Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5)...
Adults with childhood trauma exposure may exhibit brain changes typically associated aging and neurodegeneration (e.g., reduced tissue volume or integrity) to a greater degree than their unexposed counterparts, suggesting accelerated aging. Machine learning methods that predict person's age based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan be useful for investigating aberrant following exposure. Emerging evidence indicates altered in adolescents exposure; however, this association has not been...
The association between childhood trauma exposure and risk of developing psychopathology may in part be mediated by the effects chronic stress on dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, little is known about differential distinct types reward processing, particularly adults without concurrent medical or psychiatric disorders. We examined exposure, including abuse neglect, with processing healthy (n = 114). Functional magnetic resonance imaging during a monetary incentive delay task was used...
Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co-occur both may compromise cognition, owing in part to common underlying mechanisms. Few studies have investigated the additive effects of these disorders on cognitive performance. Our aims were compare performance between patients with PTSD trauma-exposed controls (TEC) investigate MetS factors cognition. Methods In this case–control study, we included 474 adult participants, 236 238 TEC....
Abstract Aims Prior research, largely focused on US male veterans, indicates an increased risk of cardiovascular disease among individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data from other settings and populations are scarce. The objective this study is to examine PTSD as a factor for incident major adverse events (MACEs) in South Africa. Methods We analysed reimbursement claims (2011–2020) cohort African medical insurance scheme beneficiaries aged 18 years or older. calculated...
Abstract Aims Mental disorders are common in people living with HIV (PLWH) but often remain untreated. This study aimed to explore the treatment gap for mental adults followed-up antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes South Africa and disparities between ART regarding provision of health services. Methods We conducted a cohort using programme data linked pharmacy hospitalisation examine 12-month prevalence factors associated rate among adults, aged 15–49 years, from 1 January 2012 31...
Abstract Aims The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and ensuing restrictions have negatively affected the mental health well-being of general population, there is increasing evidence suggesting that lockdowns led to a disruption services. In March 2020, South Africa introduced lockdown in response COVID-19 pandemic, entailing suspension all non-essential activities complete ban tobacco alcohol sales. We studied effect on care utilisation rates private-sector Africa. Methods...