Purpose: Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) induces long-term neuronal and synaptic plasticity with a neurohormonal disbalance leading to the development of co-existing anxiety, depression, cognitive decline. The side effects delayed onset current clinically used antidepressants has prompted quest for minimum drawbacks. Fraxetin is natural coumarin derivative documented antioxidant neuroprotective activity though its on are unknown. This study therefore aimed investigate any possible acute...

Chronic, nonproductive cough may result from enhanced sensitivity of the reflex. Often, this debilitating symptom is refractory to standard antitussive therapy. Baclofen, an agonist γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has been shown, in animals, have activity via a central mechanism. Recently, normal subjects, we demonstrated ability baclofen inhibit capsaicin-induced cough, as well due angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Herein, describe two patients with chronic, who obtained...

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic mental illness triggered by traumatic experiences such as wars, natural disasters, or catastrophes, and it characterized anxiety, depression cognitive impairment. Diosgenin steroidal sapogenin with known neuroprotective antioxidant properties. This study aimed to assess the pharmacological potential of diosgenin in single prolonged (SPS) model PTSD, plus other behavioral models along any consequent alterations brain...

γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a central inhibitory neurotransmitter that also exists in the lungs. The GABA‐agonist baclofen has been shown to have antitussive activity via mechanism animals. Recently it was demonstrated 14‐day course of given three times daily significantly inhibits cough reflex healthy volunteers. Because prolonged effect previously observed, present study conducted evaluate low‐dose, oral once daily. Forty‐one volunteers were randomly assigned double‐blind manner receive...

Bacopa monnieri (BM) has been used in Ayurvedic medicine as a nootropic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic and antidepressant. An n-butanol extract of the plant (nBt-ext BM) was analysed found to contain Bacoside A (Bacoside A3, Bacopaside II Bacopasaponin C). The effects BM were then studied on morphine-induced hyperactivity well dopamine serotonin turnover striatum since these parameters have role opioid sensitivity dependence. Mice pretreated with saline or nBt-ext (5, 10 15 mg/kg, orally), 60...

Background: Fear, stress, and anxiety-like behaviors originate from traumatic events in life. Stress response is managed by endocannabinoids the body limiting uncontrolled retrieval of aversive memories. Pharmacotherapy-modulating endocannabinoids, especially anandamide, presents a promising tool for treating anxiety disorders. Here, we investigated effect kaempferol, flavonoid, extinction fear related memories associated behavior. Methods: The ability kaempferol to inhibit fatty-acid amide...

Bacopa monnieri is a perennial herb with world known image as nootropic. We investigated the effect of methanolic extract (Mt Ext BM) 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg body weight (b.w) on acquisition expression morphine withdrawal induced depression in mice. Locally available (BM) was screened for contents Bacoside A 3 , Bacopasaponin C, Bacopaside II using HPLC UV. Morphine dependence mice twice daily escalating chronic treatments (20–65 b.w) eight consecutive days. assayed animals forced swimming test...

Background: Neuropathy is a prevalent and debilitating complication of poorly managed diabetes, contributing towards poor quality life, amputation risk, increased mortality. The available therapies for diabetic neuropathic pain (DPN) have limitations in terms efficacy, tolerability patient compliance. Dysfunction the peripheral central monoaminergic system has been evidenced various types acute pain. objective present study was to investigate 1-methyl 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline...

Combretum fragrans (Combretaceae) is a Cameroonian medicinal plant containing various secondary metabolites and traditionally used for the treatment of several pathologies. Two cycloartane-type triterpenes, Combretin A B, were isolated from this plant. This study was aimed at evaluating anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticolitis effects these compounds. In vitro anti-inflammatory properties evaluated by inhibition cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, denaturation protein; antioxidant assessed...

Chronic pains management costs billions of dollars in medical exchequer to the world population. Additionally, 77% people with chronic also have a degree medically treatable depression. Opioids narrower safety index due their side effects associated its tolerance, hyperalgesia and subsequent dependence. Likewise, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs anticonvulsants, limited tolerability profile pains. Bacopa monnieri, renowned ayurvedic medicine has strong antidepressant effect significant...

n-butanol extract (n-Bt ext) of Bacopa monnieri (BM) was studied for antinociceptive effect in the animal models of acetic acid induced writhing and hot plate tests. The exhibited significant activity (P<0.01) these Standard centrally acting analgesic, morphine, peripherally diclofenac were also tested along with comparison. antagonized by opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone a fashion similar to morphine that indicated involvement opioids mediation response BM. Toxicolgical studies n-Bt ext...

Nausea and vomiting are the most distressing common side effects of cancer chemotherapy which often result in patient noncompliance. In present study, standardized methanolic <i>n</i>-butanolic fractions <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> were evaluated against cisplatin-induced emesis pigeon relation to their activity on central intestinal neurotransmitters levels. Cisplatin (7.0 mg/kg, i. v.) induced reproducible without lethality healthy pigeons. The (10–40 mg/kg) bacoside-rich <i>B. (5–20 mg/kg), as...

Ceratotheca sesamoides, Jatropha tanjorensis, Mucuna flagellipes, Pterocarpus mildbraedii and Piper guineense are all medicinal plants found in West Africa used traditionally for the treatment of various ailments such as; hypertension, arteriosclerosis, anemia, malaria flatulence. The purpose this study is to ascertain vitro anti-obesity vivo anti-hyperlipidemic activity extracts fractions selected plants. ethanolic extract aforementioned five were tested their against porcine pancreatic...

Vincristine is the drug of choice for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Despite its significant anticancer effects, it causes dose-dependent neuropathy, leading to compulsive dose reduction. The available drugs used vincristine-induced neuropathic pain (VINP) have a range safety, efficacy, tolerability issues prompting search new therapies. 5,7-Dimethoxycoumarin (5,7-DMC) also known as citropten, natural coumarin found in essential oils citrus plants...

Bacopa monnieri (BM) is a perennial herb, with historic nootropic image and utility in ayurvedic system of medicine, for the management various central nervous disorders like epilepsy, depression memory deficit amongst others. We investigated effects acute sub chronic (one week) treatment BM methanolic extract (Mt-ext BM) on dopamine (DA) serotonin (5-HT) turn over mice whole brain. Mt-ext was screened high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) ultraviolet (UV) detection quantification...

Purpose: Chronic ethanol exposure causes neurotoxicity and long-term learning memory impairment along with hippocampal frontal cortical dysfunction. Flavonoids possess antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties believed to be contributory factors in reversing cognitive decline. 6-Methoxyflavone (6-MOF), a flavonoid occurring naturally medicinal plants, has been reported instigate neuroprotection by cisplatin-induced hyperalgesia allodynia. Consequently, this study was designed investigate...