Pig embryonic stem cells (pESCs) have been considered an important candidate for preclinical research on human therapies. However, the lack of understanding pig pluripotent networks has hampered establishment authentic pESCs. Here, we report that FGF2, ACTVIN, and WNT signaling are essential to sustain pluripotency in vitro. Newly derived pESCs were stably maintained over extended period, capable forming teratomas contained three germ layers. Transcriptome analysis showed developmentally...

Abstract Objective: This retrospective study reports on the clinical and radiologic features treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculous otitis media (TOM). Methods: We reviewed medical records 52 (53 ears) TOM between 1993 2005 analyzed temporal bone computed tomography scans 23 patients. The diagnosis was made if a specimen middle ear revealed presence acid fast bacilli (AFB), grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M. Tb ) culture, characteristic histology, and/or positive for polymerase...

Extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) cells can be derived from blastocyst primitive (PrE), becoming a useful tool for studying mammalian development, including early lineage segregation and embryo patterning. Establishment of stem representing the respective lineages in blastocysts has been robustly attempted domestic animals, especially pigs, to reconstitute embryogenesis vitro comparative studies. Therefore, we developed serum-free culture system pig XEN by dissecting signals governing core gene...

Pig embryonic stem cells were introduced with an MSGN1 upstream region-based reporter system, composed of EGFP sequence under porcine-specific promoter (pMSGN1), through electroporation. The engineered cell line maintained pluripotency similar to that the parental line, and activity was confirmed upon induction paraxial mesoderm. pMSGN1-EGFP system is a valuable tool for monitoring differentiation process mesoderm analyzing efficiency, providing insight into developmental mechanisms.

Cellular reprogramming of committed cells into a pluripotent state can be induced by ectopic expression genes such as OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and MYC. Reprogrammed maintained activating endogenous networks without transgene expression. Although various research groups have attempted to generate pig stem (iPSCs), authentic iPSCs not obtained, instead showing dependence on In this study, were derived from porcine fetal fibroblasts via drug-inducible vectors carrying human transcription factors...

Abstract Objectives Gene regulation in early embryos has been widely studied for a long time because lineage segregation gives rise to the formation of pluripotent cell population, known as inner mass (ICM), during pre‐implantation embryo development. The extraordinarily longer development pigs leads distinct features pluripotency network compared with mice and humans. For these reasons, comparative study using pig would provide new insights into mammalian help understand differences roles...

Lipid droplets (LD) provide a source of energy, and their importance during embryogenesis has been increasingly recognized. In particular, pig embryos have larger amounts intercellular lipid bilayers than other mammalian species, suggesting that porcine are more dependent on metabolic pathways. The objective the present study was to detect effect stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) LD formation associate these effects with mRNA abundance formation-related genes (SREBP, ARF1, COPG2, PLD1...

Here, we report in vivo developmental competent pig embryonic stem cells (ESCs) originating from vitro-fertilized and parthenogenetic embryos cultured chemically defined culture media. The ESC lines expressed pluripotency markers were capable of forming teratomas following subcutaneous injection into nude mice. These cell would be a useful resource for comparative biology agricultural biotechnology.

Abstract Objectives Curiosity about the role of OCT4, a core transcription factor that maintains inner cell mass (ICM) formation during preimplantation embryogenesis and pluripotent state in embryonic development, has long been an issue. OCT4 species‐specific expression pattern mammalian is known to play essential ICM formation. However, there need study new roles for OCT4‐related pluripotency networks second‐cell fate decisions. Materials Methods To determine functions lineage specification...

Abstract Background Myogenic transdifferentiation can be accomplished through ectopic MYOD1 expression, which is facilitated by various signaling pathways associated with myogenesis. In this study, we attempted to transdifferentiate pig embryonic fibroblasts (PEFs) myogenically into skeletal muscle overexpression of the gene and modulation FGF, TGF-β, WNT, cAMP pathways. Results The vector was constructed based on comparative sequence analysis, demonstrating that has evolutionarily conserved...

Abstract A study was conducted to determine the clinical and histopathologic findings of cutaneous pseudolymphomas. In period between July 1989 December 2002, 42 cases were collected. Clinical records pathology slides patients reviewed retrospectively. striking common feature a pruritic papule, nodule, or plaque with smooth surface on head neck. The histologic patterns diverse, MF‐like, perivascular/periadnexal, nodular, diffuse, pseudolymphomatous folliculitis, acral angiokeratoma children...

The development of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from large animal species has become an important model for therapeutic cloning using ESCs derived by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). However, poor embryo quality and blastocyst formation have been major limitations derivation cloned (ntESCs). In this study, we tried to overcome these problems treating with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) aggregating porcine embryos. First, embryos were treated Scriptaid confirm the effect HDACi on...

OCT4 plays pivotal roles in maintaining pluripotency during early mammalian embryonic development and stem cells. It is essential to establish a reporter system based on the promoter region study pluripotency. However, there still lack of information about porcine upstream system. To improve our understanding regulatory region, we identified conserved regions by sequence-based comparative analysis using various genome sequences. The similarity nucleotide sequences 5' was low among species....

Kwang-Hwan Choi, Dong-Kyung Lee, Jong-Nam Oh, Seung-Hun Kim, Mingyun Jinsol Jeong, Gyung Cheol Choe and Chang-Kyu Lee. Journal of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology 2020;35:42-9. https://doi.org/10.12750/JARB.35.1.42

Specification of embryonic lineages is an important question in the field early development. Numerous studies analyzed expression patterns candidate transcripts and proteins humans mice clearly determined markers each lineage. To overcome limitations human mouse embryos, marker cell has been investigated using vivo embryos pigs. In vitro produced are more accessible, can be rapidly processed with low cost. Therefore, we characteristics lineage effects DAB2 gene (trophectoderm marker)...

OCT4 encoded by POU5F1 has a crucial role of maintaining pluripotency in embryonic stem cells during early development and several variants have been identified mouse human studies. The objective this study was to identify different analyze their expression patterns preimplantation porcine embryos various tissues. In study, we showed that transcribes its three variants, namely OCT4A, OCT4B, OCT4B1. OCT4B transcript consists exons identical the major form variant, with differential N-terminal...

Ginsenoside Rg1 is a natural compound with various efficacies and functions. It has beneficial effects on aging, diabetes, immunity, as well antioxidant proliferative However, its effect porcine embryo development remains unknown. We investigated the of ginsenoside in vitro preimplantation embryos after parthenogenetic activation high-oxygen conditions. treatment did not affect cleavage or blastocyst formation rates, but increase total cell number reduced rate apoptosis. In addition, it had...

Germ cells are alternative sources for deriving pluripotent stem cells. Because embryonic germ (EGCs) possess physiological and developmental features similar to those of cells, pig EGCs considered a potential tool generating transgenic animals agricultural usage. Therefore, in this study, we attempted establish characterize from fetal gonads. EGC lines were derived the genital ridges porcine fetuses media containing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), fibroblast growth 2 (FGF2), cell factor....

Pig pluripotent stem cells have tremendous potential because the pig is a valuable animal as both an agricultural resource and preclinical model of human therapy. To date, lack understanding pluripotency has inhibited derivation embryonic (ESCs) transgene-free induced cells. Therefore, there been no accessible or reliable transcriptome data for researching genuine network. Our previous study isolated authentic ESCs, which had teratoma-forming direct differentiation ability, that were derived...