Low-grade sustained inflammation links obesity to insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, therapeutic approaches improve systemic energy balance chronic in are limited. Pharmacological activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) alleviates mice; however, Nrf2 inducers not clinically available owing safety concerns. Thus, we examined whether dietary glucoraphanin, a stable precursor the inducer sulforaphane, ameliorates balance,...

Abstract The transcription factor Keap1-Nrf2 system plays a key role in inflammation which is involved depression. We found lower expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 proteins the prefrontal cortex (PFC), CA3 dentate gyrus (DG) hippocampus mice with depression-like phenotype compared to control mice. Serum levels pro-inflammatory cytokines knock-out (KO) were higher than those wild-type mice, suggestive enhanced KO Decreased brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) its receptor tropomyosin-receptor-kinase...

Oxidative stress and inflammation play a role in cognitive impairment, which is core symptom of schizophrenia. Furthermore, hallmark the pathophysiology this disease dysfunction cortical inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons expressing parvalbumin (PV), also involved impairment. Sulforaphane (SFN), an isothiocyanate derived from broccoli, potent activator transcription factor Nrf2, plays central inducible expressions many cytoprotective genes response to oxidative stress. Keap1...

Aims: Many East Asians are highly intolerant to even modest alcohol consumption. These individuals accumulate acetaldehyde, the primary metabolite of ethanol, because a genetic polymorphism aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) that metabolizes acetaldehyde nontoxic acetate. The aim these studies is upregulate ALDH by dietary means, thereby reducing toxicity. Methods: Sulforaphane [SF, 1-isothiocyano-4-(methylsulfinyl)butane] derived from its glucosinolate precursor contained in cruciferous...

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in linking pathogen recognition with the induction of innate immunity. They have been implicated pathogenesis chronic inflammatory diseases, representing potential targets for prevention/treatment. Vegetable-rich diets are associated reduced risk several disorders. In present study, based on an extensive screening vegetable extracts TLR-inhibiting activity HEK293 cells co-expressing TLR NF-κB reporter gene, we found cabbage and onion to be richest...

Adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) recruitment and polarization are pivotal in the development of insulin resistance. However, treatment modalities targeting ATMs remain limited. The effects lycopene, an antioxidant carotenoid compound, on adipose inflammation resistance high fat (HF)-diet-induced obese mice examined.C57BL/6J fed HF diet or containing lycopene (HF+LY) for 8 weeks. Lycopene attenuates HF-diet-induced glucose intolerance hyperinsulinemia. Compared with mice, HF+LY exhibit...

Recently, the sodium (Na)/potassium (K) ratio was reported to be associated with blood pressure (BP). A Na/K self-monitoring device using spot urine established recently. Here, we assessed whether urinary change measured BP in a health checkup setting. We targeted 12,890 participants who attended Tome City, Miyagi between 2017 and 2018. City introduced measurements during checkups since 2017. For each year, compared baseline characteristics according level. relationship multiple regression...

Abstract Maternal immune activation (MIA) contributes to behavioral abnormalities relevant schizophrenia in adult offspring, although the molecular mechanisms underlying MIA-induced changes remain unclear. Here we demonstrated that dietary intake of glucoraphanin (GF), precursor a natural antioxidant sulforaphane, during juvenile and adolescent stages prevented cognitive deficits loss parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactivity medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) offspring after MIA. Gene set enrichment...

In this study, we found that antihypertensive di-peptide Val-Tyr (VY) showed a vascular relaxation effect in KCl-induced contraction of thoracic aorta rings from 18-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats among di-peptides VY, Ile-Tyr, and Tyr-Val irrespective their angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity. The was endothelium-independent, closely associated with responses the smooth muscle layer.

Broccoli sprout (BS) supplements have been marketed for over a decade the promising health beneficial effects of sulforaphane (SFN), which induces Nrf2 signaling and downstream chemoprotective genes, including phase 2 enzymes. Most commercially available BS encapsulate heat-processed containing glucoraphanin (GR), is hydrolyzed to SFN by intestinal microbiota. However, absorption behavior following intake such still unclear. Additionally, GR dose (around 30 mg) recommended many manufacturers...

The influx of intestinal bacteria-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the blood has attracted attention as a cause diseases. aim this study is investigating associations between LPS, dietary factors, gut microbiota, and health status in general adult population. Food/nutrient intake, plasma LPS-binding protein (LBP; LPS exposure indicator) were measured 896 residents (58.1% female, mean age 54.7 years) rural Iwaki district Japan, each correlation was analyzed. As results, LBP concentration...

AIM:To investigate the effects of broccoli sprout extract (BSEx) on liver gene expression and acute injury in rat. METHODS:First, BSEx were examined.Male rats divided into two groups.The Control group was fed AIN-76 diet, diet containing BSEx.After a 10-d feeding period, sacrificed their livers used for DNA microarray realtime reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

Abstract Aims Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Although diet may influence the development of PD, precise mechanisms underlying relationship between PD pathology are unknown. Here, we examined whether dietary intake glucoraphanin (GF), precursor natural antioxidant sulforaphane in cruciferous vegetables, can affect reduction dopamine transporter (DAT) mouse striatum after repeated administration MPTP...

Purpose Pulse wave velocity (PWV), an indicator of vascular stiffness, increases with age and is increasingly recognized as independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although many mechanical chemical factors underlie the stiffness elastic artery, genetic related to age-dependent in PWV apparently healthy people are largely unknown. The transcription nuclear E2 (NF-E2)-related 2 (Nrf2), which activated by unidirectional pulsatile shear stress or oxidative stress, regulates...

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to objectively evaluate the diet consumed in a workplace cafeteria group Japanese workers according vegetables and salt intake estimate association of these groups with changes cardiometabolic measurements. Design: longitudinal observational estimated food nutrient from data recorded system their workplace. The primary outcomes included measures obtained via regular health check-ups conducted at participants were divided into four high or low based on...

In a previous study, we demonstrated that the carotenoid neoxanthin was contained in young leafy vegetables including spinach and showed fat accumulation inhibitory effect vitro. To evaluate bioavailability of neoxanthin, raw leaf (100 g day-1 for 4 weeks) intake test performed on 14 participants (36.5 ± 8.0 years; male:female ratio = 9:5). Neoxanthin, neochrome, β-carotene, lutein concentration blood (before after test) measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Neither nor...

Background Recent studies have reported that sulforaphane (SFN) intake with cognitive training had positive effects on functions. However, it is still unknown whether SFN alone has beneficial cognition as well mood. We investigated a intervention improved performance and mood states in healthy older adults. Methods In 12-week, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT), we randomly assigned 144 adults to group or placebo group. asked the participants take supplement (SFN placebo) for...

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the effect of young leaves on fat accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. A potent preventive was observed fractions spinach, beet, and arugula extracted with a low-polarity solvent (hexane:acetone:ethanol:toluene = 10:6:7:6). This seemingly associated leaf carotenoid content, including lutein, β-carotene, neoxanthin. Among these, only neoxanthin, characteristic structure 5,6-monoepoxide an allenic bond, significantly prevented...

The present study aimed to clarify the transport mechanism of sulforaphane (SFN), a potent phytochemical broccoli, in Caco-2 cells. Transport with an Ussing chamber system revealed apparent permeability (Papp) SFN apical-to-basolateral direction was much higher (31.2 ± 2.5 × 10−6 cm/sec) than that (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (0.54 0.12 cm/sec). An efflux ratio analysis and several inhibition studies suggested passively transported across cell monolayers. Small amounts glutathione...

Injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a product gut bacteria, into the blood increases triglycerides and cortisol, an appetite-stimulating hormone. Meanwhile, small amounts LPS derived from bacteria are thought to enter bloodstream in daily basis. This study aimed investigate effect influx on appetite or lipid metabolism humans everyday life. We measured fasting plasma concentration before breakfast corresponding days' fat-burning markers for 10 days four Japanese males (28-31 years)...

Consumption of food while drinking alcohol has been suggested to play important roles in alleviating the physiological and pharmacological influences alcohol. Vegetables are believed provide health benefits, but there is little evidence for their influence on effects consumption. The present study aimed investigate effect a common vegetable, tomato, metabolism. In randomized, controlled, crossover with12 Japanese healthy men aged between 24 56 years, tomato juice containing 5% (v/v) (TJAlc)...