A5033698619- Gut microbiota and health
- Water Treatment and Disinfection
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Fecal contamination and water quality
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Microscopic Colitis
- Urinary Tract Infections Management
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Food composition and properties
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Water Systems and Optimization
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
2019-2025
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
2015-2024
German Center for Infection Research
2024
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
2021
Michigan State University
2013-2018
Michigan United
2017
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology
2007-2015
ETH Zurich
2007-2012
Medical University of Vienna
2008
ABSTRACT Butyrate-producing bacteria have recently gained attention, since they are important for a healthy colon and when altered contribute to emerging diseases, such as ulcerative colitis type II diabetes. This guild is polyphyletic cannot be accurately detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Consequently, approaches targeting the terminal genes of main butyrate-producing pathway been developed. However, additional pathways exist alternative, newly recognized enzymes catalyzing reaction...
Trimethylamine (TMA), produced by the gut microbiota from dietary quaternary amines (mainly choline and carnitine), is associated with atherosclerosis severe cardiovascular disease. Currently, little information on composition of TMA producers in available due to their low abundance requirement specific functional-based detection methods as many taxa show disparate abilities produce that compound. In order examine TMA-forming potential microbial communities, we established databases for key...
Given the key role of butyrate for host health, understanding ecology intestinal butyrate-producing communities is a top priority gut microbiota research. To this end, we performed pooled analysis on 2,387 metagenomic/transcriptomic samples from 15 publicly available data sets that originated three continents and encompassed eight diseases as well specific interventions. For analyses, gene catalogue was constructed gene-targeted assemblies all genes synthesis pathways an updated reference...
The urinary microbiota is similarly complex as the vaginal and penile microbiota, yet its role a reservoir for pathogens recurrent polymicrobial biofilm diseases like bacterial vaginosis (BV) not clear. Here, we analysed of healthy men women compared it with that during BV after antibiotic treatment using next-generation sequencing 16S rRNA gene V1-V2 regions. Eight different community types, so called urotypes (UT), were identified in humans, all which shared between women, except UT 7,...
Patients infected with Helicobacter pylori develop chronic gastritis a subgroup progressing to further complications. The role of microbiota from the oral cavity swallowed saliva and either transiting stomach or persisting in gastric mucosa is uncertain. It also not known whether bacterial community differs luminal mucosal niches. A key question H. influences communities gastroduodenal niches.Saliva, duodenal aspirates as well biopsies were collected during oesophagogastroduodenoscopy 24...
The aim of the present study was to analyze interplay between gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiota, host genetics, and complex traits in pigs using extended quantitative-genetic methods. design consisted 207 that were housed slaughtered under standardized conditions, phenotyped for daily gain, feed intake, conversion rate. genotyped with a standard 60 K SNP chip. GIT microbiota composition analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technology. Eight from 49 investigated bacteria genera...
Abstract Background Butyrate, which is produced by the human microbiome, essential for awell-functioning colon. Bacteria that produce butyrate are phylogeneticallydiverse, hinders their accurate detection based on conventional phylogeneticmarkers. As a result, reliable information this important bacterial group isoften lacking in microbiome research. Results In study we describe gene-targeted approach 454 pyrotag sequencing andquantitative polymerase chain reaction final genes two...
The promising results seen in studies of secondary bile acids experimental colitis suggest that they may represent an attractive and safe class drugs for the treatment inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, exact mechanism by which acid therapy confers protection from colitogenesis is currently unknown. Since gut microbiota plays a crucial role pathogenesis IBD, exogenous administration affect community structure microbiota, we examined impact ursodeoxycholic (UDCA) its taurine or...
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in both men women. The gut microbiome increasingly recognized as having an important role human health disease. Fusobacterium has been identified former studies bacterium associated with colorectal cancer, but it still not clear if plays oncogenic role. In the current study, fecal samples were collected prior to bowel preparation from participants screening colonoscopy German BliTz study. Using 16S rRNA gene analysis,...
The purpose of a drinking water distribution system is to deliver the consumer, preferably with same quality as when it left treatment plant. In this context, maintenance good microbiological often referred biological stability, and addition sufficient chlorine residuals regarded one way achieve this. full-scale Riga (Latvia) was investigated respect stability in chlorinated water. Flow cytometric (FCM) intact cell concentrations, intracellular adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP), heterotrophic...
The secondary bile acids deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic (LCA), formed by gut microbiota from primary via a multi-step 7α-dehydroxylation reaction, have wide-ranging effects on host metabolism play an important role in health disease. A few 7α-dehydroxylating strains been isolated, where acid-inducible (bai) genes were organized gene cluster encoded major enzymes involved. However, only little is known diversity abundance of intestinal bacteria catalysing DCA/LCA formation the human...
Phytase supplementation in broiler diets is a common practice to improve phosphorus (P) availability and reduce P loss by excretion. An enhanced availability, its concomitant with calcium (Ca), can affect the structure of microbial community digestive tract chickens. Here, we aim distinguish effects mineral P, Ca, phytase on composition communities present content mucosa layer gastrointestinal (GIT) Significant differences were observed between digesta samples for GIT sections studied (p =...
Human gut bacteria metabolize dietary components such as choline and carnitine to trimethylamine (TMA) that is subsequently oxidized trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) by hepatic enzymes. Increased plasma levels of TMAO are associated with the development cardiovascular renal disease. In this study, we applied gene-targeted assays in order quantify (qPCR) characterize (MiSeq) bacterial genes encoding enzymes responsible for TMA production, namely choline-TMA lyase (CutC), oxygenase (CntA) betaine...
Abstract Background & Aims The importance of the intestinal microbiota for onset and clinical course many diseases, including liver diseases like non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis, is increasingly recognized. However, role in chronic hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection remains unclear. Methods In a cross‐sectional approach, 95 patients chronically infected with (n=57 without cirrhosis [ NO ‐ CIR ]; n=38 ]) 50 healthy controls HC documented was analysed. Results Alpha diversity,...
The gut microbiome has recently emerged as an important regulator of insulin resistance and abdominal obesity. tryptophan metabolite generated by the microbiome, indoleproprionic acid (IPA) been shown to predict onset type 2 diabetes. IPA is a produced microbes from dietary that exhibits high degree inter-individual variation. composition parameters are associated with circulating levels this potent anti-oxidant have however not investigated date in human populations. In 1018 middle-aged...
It is becoming evident that certain features of human microbiota, encoded by distinct autochthonous taxa, promote disease. As a result, borders between the so-called opportunistic pathogens, pathobionts, and commensals are increasingly blurred, specific targets for manipulating microbiota to improve host health elusive. In this study, we focus on functions bacterial communities have potential cause disease, proposing term “pathogenic function (pathofunction)”. The concept presented via three...
Manipulation of gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a promising approach to reduce various noncommunicable diseases, such obesity and type 2 diabetes. Specific dietary supplements, including resistant starches (RS), are often focus, yet comprehensive insights into functional responses largely lacking. Furthermore, unresponsiveness in certain individuals poorly understood. Our data indicate that distinct parts work jointly degrade RS successively form health-promoting fermentation...
The bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate and propionate play important (distinct) roles in health disease, understanding the ecology of respective bacteria on a community-wide level is top priority microbiome research. Applying sequence data (metagenomics 16S rRNA gene) to predict SCFAs production vitro vivo, clear split between butyrate- propionate-forming was detected with only very few taxa exhibiting pathways for both SCFAs. After growth fecal communities from...