ABSTRACT Nitrate reduction requires reducing equivalents produced by the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Therefore, it has been suggested that nitrate assimilation provides a sink for electrons under high light conditions. We tested this hypothesis monitoring efficiency and chloroplastic glutathione redox potential (chl‐ E GSH ) of plant lines with mutated glutamine synthetase 2 (GS2) ferredoxin‐dependent glutamate synthase 1 (GOGAT1). Mutant incorporated significantly less...

Abstract Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement is a quick and efficient tool for plant stress‐level detection. The use of Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM), allows the detection stress level under field conditions. Over years, several parameters estimating different parts chlorophyll photosystem response were developed to describe level. Despite all being based on same measurements, their relationship remains unclear, drought significantly influenced by incoming light intensity. In this study,...

Abscisic acid (ABA) levels increase significantly in plants under stress conditions, and ABA is thought to serve as a key stress-response regulator. However, the direct effect of on photosynthesis mesophyll yield both well-watered drought conditions are still subject debate. Here, we examined this issue using transgenic Arabidopsis (

Stomatal pores, vital for CO 2 uptake and water loss regulation in plants, are formed by two specialized guard cells. Despite their importance, there is limited understanding of how cells sense respond to changes vapor pressure difference (VPD). This study leverages a selection hyposensitive abscisic acid (ABA) signaling mutants Arabidopsis, including heterotrimeric G protein RLK (receptor-like kinase) mutants, along with variety canola cultivars delve into the intracellular mechanisms...

Leaf gas exchange and evaporation are governed by the water vapor pressure gradient resistances, including stomatal boundary layers. Wind speed plays a critical role in modifying these processes, yet effects of natural wind variability on photosynthesis behavior remain understudied. We used variable layer method to simulate compared its with constant high conditions, commonly employed research. Our results showed that angiosperms were highly sensitive changes wind. Grapevines benefitted from...

Photosynthesis is limited by three main factors: stomatal conductance (gs), mesophyll (gm) and maximum capacity for Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax). It unclear how limiting factors vary under stress, particularly during long-term stress acclimation. In this work, we compared the first time photosynthesis limitation resulting from acclimation to major abiotic stresses: drought, salinity temperature. We used saplings of Ziziphus spina-christi, a thermophilic drought-tolerant tree, which recently...

Mesophyll conductance gm determines CO2 diffusion rates from mesophyll intercellular air spaces to the chloroplasts and is an important factor limiting photosynthesis. Increasing in cultivated plants a potential strategy increase photosynthesis intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi ). The anatomy of leaf metabolic factors such as aquaporins carbonic anhydrases have been identified determinants . However, genes involved regulation modulation remain largely unknown. In this work, we...

Weed infestations in agricultural systems constitute a serious challenge to sustainability and food security worldwide. Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson (Palmer amaranth) is one of the most noxious weeds causing significant yield reductions various crops. The ability estimate seed viability herbicide susceptibility key factor development long-term management strategy, particularly since misuse herbicides driving evolution response weed species. limitations studies are that they conducted...

Stomatal oscillations are cyclic opening and closing of stomata, presumed to initiate from hydraulic mismatch between leaf water supply transpiration rate. To test this assumption, mismatches were induced using manipulations vapour pressure deficit (VPD) light spectrum in banana (Musa acuminata). Simultaneous measurements gas exchange with changes turgor used describe the mismatches. An increase VPD above a certain threshold caused stomatal variable amplitudes. Oscillations synchronized...

SUMMARY Understanding the relationship between wind speed and gas exchange in plants is a longstanding challenge. Our aim was to investigate impact of on maximum rates kinetics stomatal responses. We conducted experiments different angiosperm fern species using an infrared analyzer equipped with controlled leaf fan, enabling precise control boundary layer conductance. first showed that chamber adequately mixed even at extremely low (<0.005 m s −1 ) evaluated link fan speed, observed...

Current climatic changes are subjecting plants to increasing amounts of abiotic stress and intensifying desertification in many regions. The identification tree species that can survive extremely limited water conditions may assist limiting regional processes mitigating the greenhouse effect. Ziziphus spina-christi is a thermophilic from Sudan highly tolerant heat drought. In recent years, this has become more abundant Mediterranean region. order predict how warm dry climate influences...

Summary All organisms experience stress as an inevitable part of life, from single-celled microorganisms to complex multicellular beings. The ability recover is a fundamental trait that determines the overall resilience organism, yet recovery understudied. To begin unraveling process we studies drought in Arabidopsis thaliana . We performed fine-scale time series bulk RNA sequencing starting 15 minutes after rehydration following moderate drought. reveal rapid involving activation thousands...

Soil-free assays that induce water stress are routinely used to investigate drought responses in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana . Due their ease of use, research community often relies on polyethylene glycol (PEG), mannitol, and salt (NaCl) treatments reduce potential agar media, thus conditions laboratory. However, while these types can create phenotypes resemble those deficit experienced by soil-grown plants, it remains unclear how compare at transcriptional level. Here, we demonstrate...

Soil-free assays that induce water stress are routinely used to investigate drought responses in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana . Due their ease of use, research community often relies on polyethylene glycol (PEG), mannitol, and salt (NaCl) treatments reduce potential agar media, thus conditions laboratory. However, while these types can create phenotypes resemble those deficit experienced by soil-grown plants, it remains unclear how compare at transcriptional level. Here, we demonstrate...

Abstract Background and Aims Each branch internode, the organs growing on it, can be seen as a single morphological phytomer subunit, made of structurally functionally interrelated components. However, allometric relationships between anatomy morphology these subunits remain unclear, particularly in axial context. This study aims to address this knowledge gap, by measuring morpho-anatomical parameters their along grapevine shoots. Methods To facilitate comparison, shoot length was normalized...

Perennial plants perpetually adapt to environmental changes in complex and yet insufficiently understood manner. We aimed separate the intra-seasonal temperature effects on structure function from perennial annual water stress effects. This study focused grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. 'Cabernet Sauvignon') petioles, which being a continuously produced organ, represent current status of plant. Field-grown mature subjected multi-annual irrigation treatments (severe stress, mild non-stressed)...

Abstract Understanding the relationship between wind speed and gas exchange in plants is a longstanding challenge. Our aim was to investigate impact of on maximum rates kinetics stomatal responses. We conducted experiments using an infrared analyzer equipped with controlled leaf fan, enabling precise control boundary layer conductance. first showed that chamber adequately mixed even at extremely low fan speeds (down 200 rpm, equivalent 0.0005 m s -1 ) evaluated link speed, observed higher...

Abstract Due to climate change, winter temperatures are predicted increase worldwide. For thermophilic trees, highly sensitive low temperatures, an in may be beneficial for survival and regeneration. Ziziphus spina-christi is a tree that has recently become more abundant widespread the eastern Mediterranean, presumably due gradual temperatures. We aim define temperature limitations seed germination growth of young seedlings broaden our understanding future geographical distribution this...

<title>Abstract</title> Daytime respiration (Rd), a crucial physiological process in plants, presents significant measurement challenges due to the difficulty of isolating it from photosynthetic processes during light conditions. The Laisk method is one most common ways measure Rd, enhanced by updated dynamic approach Licor-6800, which employs advanced equations for stable measurements under changing environmental Although promising reducing uncertainties Rd and improving efficiency, its...

Soil-free assays that induce water stress are routinely used to investigate drought responses in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana . Due their ease of use, research community often relies on polyethylene glycol (PEG), mannitol and salt (NaCl) treatments reduce potential agar media, thus conditions laboratory. However, while these types can create phenotypes resemble those deficit experienced by soil-grown plants, it remains unclear how compare at transcriptional level. Here, we demonstrate...