A5001606975- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- Digestive system and related health
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Food composition and properties
- Microbial Natural Products and Biosynthesis
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Chemical Reactions and Isotopes
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Gene expression and cancer classification
Newcastle University
2011-2023
Newcastle upon Tyne Hospital
2015
University of Georgia
2012-2015
Noncatalytic carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are components of glycoside hydrolases that attack generally inaccessible substrates. CBMs mediate a two- to fivefold elevation in the activity endo-acting enzymes, likely through increasing concentration appended enzymes vicinity substrate. The function exo-acting is unclear because their typical endo-binding mode would not fulfill targeting role. Here we show Bacillus subtilis β-fructosidase SacC, which specifically hydrolyses levan,...
Interactions between the host and its microbiota are of mutual benefit promote health. Complex molecular pathways underlie this dialog, but identity microbe-derived molecules that mediate mutualistic state remains elusive. Helicobacter hepaticus is a member mouse intestinal tolerated by host. In absence an intact IL-10 signaling, H. induces IL-23-driven inflammatory response in intestine. Here we investigate interactions immune cells may mutualism, molecule(s) involved. Our results show...
Glycans are major nutrients available to the human gut microbiota. The Bacteroides generalist glycan degraders, and this function is mediated largely by polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs). genomes of several species contain a PUL, PUL1,6-β-glucan, that was predicted target mixed linked plant 1,3;1,4-β-glucans. To test hypothesis we characterized proteins encoded locus in thetaiotaomicron, member We show here PUL1,6-β-glucan does not orchestrate degradation but targets fungal cell wall...
The complex carbohydrates accessible to the distal gut microbiota (DGM) are key drivers in determining structure of this ecosystem. Typically, plant cell wall polysaccharides and recalcitrant starch (i.e. dietary fiber), addition host glycans considered primary nutrients for DGM; however, we recently demonstrated that α-mannans, highly branched decorate surface yeast, also several members Bacteroides spp. This relationship suggests advent yeast contemporary food technologies colonization...
The enzymatic cleavage of β-1,4-mannans is achieved by endo-β-1,4-mannanases, enzymes involved in germination seeds and microbial hemicellulose degradation, which have increasing industrial consumer product applications. β-Mannanases occur a range families the CAZy sequence-based glycoside hydrolase (GH) classification scheme including 5, 26, 113. In this work we reveal that β-mannanases newly described GH family 134 differ from other mannanase both their mechanism tertiary structure. A...
The depolymerization of complex glycans is an important biological process that considerable interest to environmentally relevant industries. β-Mannose a major component plant structural polysaccharides and eukaryotic N-glycans. These linkages are primarily cleaved by glycoside hydrolases, although recently, family phosphorylases, GH130, have also been shown target β-1,2- β-1,4-mannosidic linkages. In these bond cleavage was mediated single displacement reaction in which phosphate functions...
Abstract During the course of evolution, cellulosome, one Nature’s most intricate multi-enzyme complexes, has been continuously fine-tuned to efficiently deconstruct recalcitrant carbohydrates. To facilitate uptake released sugars, anaerobic bacteria use highly ordered protein-protein interactions recruit these nanomachines cell surface. Dockerin modules located within a non-catalytic macromolecular scaffold, whose primary role is assemble cellulosomal enzymatic subunits, bind cohesin...
Burning of food materials during cooking can increase the difficulty in removal from solid surfaces, forming residual soils. Using molecular probe-based technologies, aim this work was to elucidate composition and relative abundance glycans within a Burnt-On/Baked-On (BoBo) model soil investigate enzyme systems that may facilitate breakdown. Microarray Polymer Profiling identified xylan, arabinoxylan, mixed-linkage glucan mannan as target substrates for enzymatic cleaning BoBo residues...
The biological conversion of lignocellulosic matter into high-value chemicals or biofuels is increasing industrial importance as the sector slowly transitions away from nonrenewable sources. Many processes involve use cellulolytic enzyme cocktails – a selection glycoside hydrolases and, increasingly, polysaccharide oxygenases to break down recalcitrant plant polysaccharides. ORFs genome Teredinibacter turnerae , symbiont hosted within gills marine shipworms, were identified in order search...
The large bowel microbiota, a complex ecosystem resident within the gastrointestinal tract of all human beings and mammals, functions as an essential, nonsomatic metabolic organ, hydrolysing dietary polysaccharides modulating host immune system to adequately tolerate ingested antigens. A significant member this community, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron , has evolved for sensing processing wide variety natural glycoproducts in such way provide maximum benefit itself, wider microbial community...
The antibiotic bacillaene is biosynthesized in Bacillus subtilis by a hybrid type 1 modular polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase of the trans-acyltransferase (trans-AT) class. Within this system, essential acyl-group loading activity provided action three free-standing trans-acting acyltransferases. Here, recombinant expression, purification and crystallization synthase acyltransferase PksC are reported. A diffraction data set has been collected from single crystal to 1.44 Å...