Objective: To explore the predictive efficacy of triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and systemic immune inflammation (SII) levels for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 T2DM admitted to Ophthalmology Department at Baoding No.1 Central Hospital from June 2023 December 2023. The were divided into 80 none-DR, 120 DR. General information, biochemical tests, TyG index, SII collected. Receiver operating...

Kandinsky proposed a correspondence theory that suggests associations between specific colors and shapes (i.e., circle-blue, square-red, triangle-yellow). Makin Wuerger tested the using Implicit Association Test (IAT) did not find clear evidence for Kandinsky’s color-shape among British participants. In present study, we first replicated previous study Japanese participants found similar results to those of Wuerger, showing little support theory. subsequent experiment, another set had been...

To evaluate the sensitivity of electrophysiologic assessments, we compared F-waves and motor sensory nerve conduction studies (MNCS SNCS) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).We tested median, ulnar, tibial, fibular nerves 132 DM divided into those without clinical evidence polyneuropathy.Of 64 asymptomatic patients, 2 (3%) had MNCS or SNCS abnormalities, both whom F-wave changes, whereas 21 (33%) only delayed F-waves, for a combined yield 23 (36%). The corresponding values 68 symptomatic...

Summary Aims Vanishing white matter disease (VWM) is an inherited leukoencephalopathy in children attributed to mutations EIF2B1–5, encoding five subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B). Although the defects are housekeeping genes, glial cells selectively involved VWM. Several studies have suggested that astrocytes central pathogenesis However, exact pathomechanism remains unknown, and no model for VWM induced pluripotent stem (iPSCs) has been established. Methods...

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder exhibit atypical taste perception and eating behaviours. However, little is known about the effect of autistic traits on behaviours in general population. This study explored relationships between traits, preferences, perceptions, among Japanese population using an online questionnaire survey. The results showed significant behaviours, that people higher tended to have selective such as increased sensitivity food texture mixed flavours. Moreover,...

Crossmodal correspondences between visual features (e.g., color/shape) and tastes have been extensively documented in recent years. Visual colors shapes shown to consensually match specific tastes. Meanwhile, individuals with autism spectrum disorder are reported atypical sensory processing deficits multisensory integration. However, the influence of autistic traits on formation such is relatively unknown. Here, we examined whether could visual–taste associations using an online...

People consistently associate colors with tastes (e.g., pink-sweet, yellow-sour). However, little has been known on the strength of those color-taste correspondences. The current study examined congruency effect correspondence using two Stroop word categorization tasks. visual stimuli consisted food names associated sweet and sour tastes, presented in different shades pink yellow font colors. Participants were instructed to categorize taste (sweet or sour) words word-taste task discriminate...

Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter (VWM) is one of the most prevalent inherited childhood disorders, which caused by mutations in each five subunits eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (EIF2B1-5). In our study, 34 out 36 clinically diagnosed children (94%) were identified to have EIF2B1-5 sequencing. 15 novel identified. CNVs not detected patients only mutant allele and mutation-negative determined gene There a significantly higher incidence EIF2B3 compared Caucasian...

Studies have contended that neurotypical Japanese individuals exhibit consistent color-shape associations (red-circle, yellow-triangle, and blue-square) those could be constructed by common semantic information between colors shapes through learning and/or language experiences. Here, we conducted two experiments using a direct questionnaire survey an indirect behavioral test (Implicit Association Test), to examine whether the construction of entailed phonological comparing in deaf hearing...

Color carries gender information (e.g., red-female). This study explored whether background color could influence the categorization of human faces. Visual stimuli were generated from faces whose sexually dimorphic content was morphed monotonically female to male perception. The face stimulus presented upright (Experiment 1) and inverted 2) with three colors (i.e., red, green, gray). Participants instructed categorize as or by pressing one two labelled keys. Results showed that a red bias an...

Abstract Preferences for colors and geometric shapes vary considerably across individuals. Studies have demonstrated these variations in preference separately shapes, but the relationships between are not yet known. By measuring individual preferences basic we found that color shape were partly, systematically, correlated. People who preferred some simple (e.g., cone, pyramid) tended to prefer light or warm yellow, orange). In contrast, people complex scrambled truncated‐pyramid, dark cold...

Colors have been reported to be associated with genders (e.g., reddish color-females). Here, we investigated color-gender associations (red-female/green-male) among Japanese participants using two Stroop-word categorization tasks. Ten gendered words were chosen as visual stimuli. In Experiment 1 (N = 23), instructed indicate whether a target word presented in either red, green, or gray font color was masculine feminine word. Results showed congruency effect of red-female association that red...

Non-synesthetes exhibit a tendency to associate specific shapes with particular colors (i.e., circle-red, triangle-yellow, and square-blue). Such color-shape associations (CSAs) could potentially affect the feature binding of shapes, thus resulting in people reporting more errors case incongruent, rather than congruent, colored-shape pairs. Individuals autism spectrum disorder (ASD) atypical sensory processing impaired multisensory integration. Here, we examined whether autistic traits...

Vanishing white matter disease (VWM), a human autosomal recessive inherited leukoencephalopathy, is due to mutations in eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B). eIF2B responsible for the of protein synthesis by its guanine nucleotide exchange (GEF) activity. Mutations impair GEF activity at different degree. Previous studies implied improperly activated unfolded response (UPR) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) participated pathogenesis VWM. Autophagy relieves load eliminating protein....

We sought to determine which muscles choose for better assessment of the craniobulbar region in establishing diagnosis amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).We studied frontalis muscle 83 controls and compared it with tongue, sternocleidomastoid (SCM), trapezius 105 definite or probable ALS patients (54 bulbar, 51 nonbulbar).More achieved complete relaxation than tongue SCM. Motor unit potentials were longer duration higher amplitude (P < 0.05). The had same frequency spontaneous as SCM,...

Background The unfolded protein response (UPR) includes three cascade pathways, which are responsible for the elimination of overload that is accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We hypothesize mutations connexin 47 (Cx47) lead to abnormal retain ER lumen, causes Pelizaeus–Merzbacher-like disease (PMLD), a hypomyelinating leukodystrophic disorder. Methods In this study, influence mutant Cx47 on UPR pathways and discrepant activation was analyzed an oligodendrocyte cell line transfected...

Non-synesthetes exhibit a tendency to associate specific shapes with particular colours (i.e., circle-red, triangle-yellow, and square-blue). Here, we used two Go/No-go tasks examine the congruency priming effect of colour–shape associations on recognition efficiency colour shape features. At beginning each trial, target or word was introduced, followed by coloured-shape visual stimulus. Participants were required press key stimulus (“go” cues), while withholding their responses non-target...