A5077075352- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant Gene Expression Analysis
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
- Light effects on plants
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Renal and related cancers
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Botanical Studies and Applications
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
2015-2024
University of Virginia
2023
Max Planck Society
2015
University of California, Berkeley
2002-2014
University of Oxford
2003-2012
University of Calgary
2010
Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin
2008
Aarhus University
2008
Plant Gene Expression Center
2004
Massey University
1998
Morphogenesis emerges from complex multiscale interactions between genetic and mechanical processes. To understand these processes, the evolution of cell shape, proliferation gene expression must be quantified. This quantification is usually performed either in full 3D, which computationally expensive technically challenging, or on 2D planar projections, introduces geometrical artifacts highly curved organs. Here we present MorphoGraphX (www.MorphoGraphX.org), a software that bridges this...
Biological shapes are often produced by the iterative generation of repeated units. The mechanistic basis such iteration is an area intense investigation. Leaf development in model plant Arabidopsis one example where leaf margin protrusions, termed serrations, a key feature final shape. However, regulatory logic underlying this process unclear. Here, we use combination developmental genetics and computational modeling to show that serration morphological read-out spatially distributed...
Diversity in leaf shape is produced by alterations of the margin: for example, deep dissection leads to leaflet formation and less-pronounced incision results serrations or lobes. By combining gene silencing mutant analyses four distantly related eudicot species, we show that reducing function NAM/CUC boundary genes (NO APICAL MERISTEM CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON) a suppression all marginal outgrowths fewer fused leaflets. We propose promote domain delimits This has dual role promoting separation...
In this work, we investigate morphological differences between Arabidopsis thaliana, which has simple leaves, and its relative Cardamine hirsuta, dissected leaves comprising distinct leaflets. With the use of genetics, interspecific gene transfers, time-lapse imaging, show that leaflet development requires REDUCED COMPLEXITY (RCO) homeodomain protein. RCO functions specifically in where it sculpts developing leaflets by repressing growth at their flanks. evolved Brassicaceae family through...
Leaf development in higher plants requires the specification of leaf initials at flanks a pluripotent structure termed shoot apical meristem. In Arabidopsis, this process is facilitated by negative interactions between class I KNOTTED1-like homeobox (KNOX) and ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1) transcription factors, such that KNOX proteins are confined to meristem AS1 initials. Sites inception also defined local accumulation hormone auxin; however, it unknown how auxin activities integrated control...
The shape and function of plant cells are often highly interdependent. puzzle-shaped that appear in the epidermis many plants a striking example complex cell shape, however their functional benefit has remained elusive. We propose these intricate forms provide an effective strategy to reduce mechanical stress wall epidermis. When tissue-level growth is isotropic, we hypothesize lobes emerge at cellular level prevent formation large isodiametric would bulge under produced by turgor pressure....
Abstract Finding causal relationships between genotypic and phenotypic variation is a key focus of evolutionary biology, human genetics plant breeding. To identify genome-wide patterns underlying trait diversity, we assembled high-quality reference genome Cardamine hirsuta , close relative the model Arabidopsis thaliana . We combined comparative transcriptome analyses with experimental tools available in C. to investigate gene function diversification. Our findings highlight prevalent role...
Summary Leaves of seed plants can be described as simple, where the leaf blade is entire, or dissected, divided into distinct leaflets. Mechanisms that define leaflet number and position are poorly understood their elucidation presents an attractive opportunity to understand mechanisms controlling organ shape in plants. In tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ), a plant with dissected leaves, KNOTTED1‐like homeodomain proteins (KNOX) positive regulators formation. Conversely, hormone gibberellin...
A major goal in biology is to identify the genetic basis for phenotypic diversity. This underpins research areas as diverse evolutionary biology, plant breeding and human genetics. limitation this no longer availability of sequence information but development functional tools understand link between changes phenotype. Here we describe Cardamine hirsuta, a close relative reference Arabidopsis thaliana, an experimental system which transgenic approaches can be deployed effectively comparative...
Maize leaves have distinct tissues that serve specific purposes. The blade tilts back to photosynthesize and the sheath wraps around stem provide structural support protect young leaves. At junction between are ligule auricles, both of which absent in recessive liguleless1 (lg1) mutant. Using an antibody against LG1, we reveal LG1 accumulation at site formation axil developing tassel branches. dominant mutant Wavy auricle blade1 (Wab1-R) produces ectopic tissue increases domain accumulation....
Abstract Different patterns of lignified cell walls are associated with diverse functions in a variety plant tissues. These rely on the stiffness and hydrophobicity that lignin polymers impart to wall. The precise pattern subcellular deposition is critical for structure–function relationship each type. Here, we describe role xylem vessels as water pipes, Casparian strips apoplastic barriers, asymmetrically endocarp b cells exploding seed pods. We highlight similarities differences genetic...
Exploding seed pods of the common weed Cardamine hirsuta have remarkable ability to launch seeds far from plant. The energy for this explosion comes tension that builds up in fruit valves. Above a critical threshold, fractures along its dehiscence zone and two valves coil explosively, ejecting seeds. A mechanism generate is drying, causing tissues shrink. However, does not happen C. fruit. Instead, produced by active contraction growing exocarp cells outer layer Exactly how growth causes...
A key problem in biology is whether the same processes underlie morphological variation between and within species. Here, by using plant leaves as an example, we show that causes of diversity at these two evolutionary scales can be divergent. Some species like model Arabidopsis thaliana have simple leaves, whereas others A. relative Cardamine hirsuta bear complex comprising leaflets. Previous work has shown interspecific differences result mostly from local tissue growth patterning. Now,...