A5022434150- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Optical Coherence Tomography Applications
- Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Marine and fisheries research
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Diatoms and Algae Research
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Innovative Microfluidic and Catalytic Techniques Innovation
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Marine animal studies overview
- Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Spaceflight effects on biology
University of California, San Diego
2018-2025
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2018-2025
University of Cambridge
2018-2022
Jacobs (United States)
2022
La Jolla Bioengineering Institute
2022
University of Copenhagen
2016-2020
Bridge University
2019
University of Technology Sydney
2012-2017
The University of Sydney
2017
Coral Reef Alliance
2012
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting techniques have emerged as the most popular methods to fabricate 3D-engineered tissues; however, there are challenges in simultaneously satisfying requirements of high cell density (HCD), viability, and fine fabrication resolution. In particular, resolution digital light processing-based 3D suffers with increasing bioink due scattering. We developed a novel approach mitigate this scattering-induced deterioration The inclusion iodixanol enables 10-fold...
Light quantity and quality are among the most important factors determining physiology stress response of zooxanthellate corals. Yet, almost nothing is known about light field that Symbiodinium experiences within their coral host, basic optical properties tissue unknown. We used scalar irradiance microprobes to characterize vertical lateral gradients across tissues several species. Our results revealed presence steep with photosynthetically available radiation decreasing by one order...
The field of engineered living materials lies at the intersection science and synthetic biology with aim developing that can sense respond to environment. In this study, we use 3D printing fabricate a cyanobacterial biocomposite material capable producing multiple functional outputs in response an external chemical stimulus demonstrate advantages utilizing additive manufacturing techniques controlling shape fabricated photosynthetic material. As initial proof-of-concept, riboswitch is used...
Background Coral reefs degrade globally at an alarming rate, with benthic algae often replacing corals. However, the extent to which contribute coral mortality, and potential mechanisms involved, remain disputed. Recent laboratory studies suggested that kill corals by inducing hypoxia on surface, through stimulated microbial respiration. Methods/Findings We examined main premise of this hypothesis measuring in situ oxygen microenvironments contact interface between massive Porites spp. turf...
The light field on coral reefs varies in intensity and spectral composition, is the key regulating factor for phototrophic reef organisms, example scleractinian corals harbouring microalgal symbionts. However, actual efficiency of utilization mechanisms affecting radiative energy budget are underexplored. We present first balanced a symbiont-bearing based fine-scale study microenvironmental photobiology massive Montastrea curta . majority (more than 96%) absorbed was dissipated as heat,...
Coral tissue optics has received very little attention in the past, although interaction between and light is central to our basic understanding of coral physiology. Here we used fibre-optic electrochemical microsensors along with variable chlorophyll fluorescence imaging directly measure lateral propagation within living tissues. Our results show that corals can transfer laterally their tissues a distance ~2 cm. Such transport stimulates O2 evolution photosystem II operating efficiency...
We used a novel diver‐operated microsensor system to collect in situ spectrally resolved light fields on corals with micrometer spatial resolution. The microenvironment differed between polyp and coenosarc tissues scalar irradiance (400–700 nm) over tissue, attenuating 5.1‐ 7.8‐fold from top base of small hemispherical coral colonies, whereas attenuation was at most 1.5‐fold for tissue. Fluctuations ambient solar induced changes oxygen microenvironments, which were more pronounced faster...
Climate change-related coral bleaching, i.e., the visible loss of zooxanthellae from host, is increasing in frequency and extent presents a major threat to reefs globally. Coral bleaching has been proposed involve accelerating light stress their microalgal endosymbionts via positive feedback loop photodamage, symbiont expulsion excess vivo exposure. To test this hypothesis, we used O2 microsensors characterize exposure photosynthesis Symbiodinium during thermal experiment. We created tissue...
Chemical gradients shape the cystic fibrosis lung microbiome, with marked effects on outcome of antimicrobial treatments.
Summary The optical properties of diatom silicate frustules inspire photonics and nanotechnology research. Whether light interaction with the nano‐structure frustule also affects photosynthesis has remained unclear due to lack information on under more natural conditions. Here we demonstrate that valves in water affect harvesting live cells centric diatoms ( Coscinodiscus granii ). Microscale cellular mapping around localized spot illumination demonstrated coupling chloroplasts valve wall....
Abstract Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-like pigments have been proposed to beneficial effects on coral photobiology. Here, we investigated the relationships between green fluorescence, heating and tissue optics for massive Dipsastraea sp. (previously Favia sp.). We used microsensors measure scalar irradiance temperature along with hyperspectral imaging combined of variable chlorophyll fluorescence fluorescence. correlated positively enhancement at surface. Coral saturated maximal levels...
Significance Symbiosis between single-celled hosts and microalgae is a widespread ecologically important phenomenon in oceanic plankton. Investigating such relationships can increase understanding of how novel organelles are acquired. Here, we integrate multiple subcellular approaches to show unicellular host manipulates the bioenergetic machinery its algal endosymbionts maximizes organic carbon production for own benefit. Symbionts blocked from dividing, but their photosynthetic associated...
Abstract The coral‐algal symbiosis is the biological engine that drives one of most spectacular structures on Earth: coral reef. Here, living microhabitats are engineered using 3D bioprinting, as biomimetic model system symbiosis. Various bioinks for encapsulation photosymbiotic microalgae ( Breviolum psygmophilum ) developed and mass transfer phenomena mimicked by bioprinting tissue skeleton microscale features. At tissue–seawater interface, polyp connective successfully replicate natural...
Pigments homologous to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) have been proposed fine-tune internal light microclimate of corals, facilitating photoacclimation photosynthetic coral symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) life in different reef habitats and environmental conditions. However, direct measurements vivo conditions inside tissue supporting this conclusion are lacking. Here, we quantified intra-tissue spectral environment corals expressing GFP-like proteins from widely regimes. We focus on: (1)...
Rapid progress in algal biotechnology has triggered a growing interest hydrogel-encapsulated microalgal cultivation, especially for the engineering of functional photosynthetic materials and biomass production. An overlooked characteristic gel-encapsulated cultures is emergence cell aggregates, which are result mechanical confinement cells. Such aggregates have dramatic effect on light management photobioreactors hence strongly affect outcome. To evaluate such an effect, we experimentally...
As mass coral bleaching events become more frequent, it is increasingly important to elucidate the factors underlying susceptibility and survival. We measured photosynthesis, respiration, O2 concentration at tissue surface, Symbiodiniaceae genotypes, energy metabolic enzyme activities in Agaricia agaricites Orbicella franksi throughout experimentally-induced thermal (+3 °C). A. colonies started bleach two days into treatment were fully bleached between Days 19–31. In contrast, O. only on Day...
The upside-down jellyfish, Cassiopea spp., host their algal symbionts inside a subset of amoebocytes, phagocytic cells that also play innate immune functions akin to macrophages from vertebrate animals. Amoebocyte precursors phagocytose algae the jellyfish gut and store them intracellular compartments called symbiosomes. Subsequently, migrate mesoglea, differentiate into symbiotic roam throughout body where remain photosynthetically active supply with significant portion organic carbon...
Application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for in vivo imaging tissue and skeleton structure intact living corals enabled the non-invasive visualization coral layers (endoderm versus ectoderm), skeletal cavities special structures such as mesenterial filaments mucus release from corals. Coral host chromatophores containing green fluorescent protein-like pigment granules appeared hyper-reflective to near-infrared radiation allowing excellent contrast OCT a rapid characterization...
Abstract In chronic infections, bacterial pathogens typically grow as small dense cell aggregates embedded in a matrix consisting of, e.g., wound bed sludge or lung mucus. Such biofilm growth mode exhibits extreme tolerance towards antibiotics and the immune defence system. The are exposed to physiological heterogeneity O 2 limitation due steep chemical gradients through matrix, which is hypothesised contribute antibiotic tolerance. Using novel combination of microsensor bioimaging analysis,...
The future impact of ocean acidification (OA) on corals is disputed in part because mathematical models used to predict these impacts do not seem capture, or offer a framework adequately explain, the substantial variability effects observed empirical studies. build-up diffusive boundary layer (DBL), wherein solute transport controlled by diffusion, can lead pronounced differences between bulk seawater pH, and actual pH experienced organism, factor rarely considered modelling corals. In...