Abstract Manufactured metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are being used on a large scale, and these particles will inevitably reach body of water through wastewater urban runoff. The ecotoxicological study NPs hydrophyte is limited at present. Lemna minor was exposed to media with different concentrations titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) or bulk TiO for 7 d. changes in plant growth, chlorophyll, antioxidant defense enzymes (peroxidase [POD], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] activities),...

In order to investigate the inhibitory effects and possible mechanisms of Oolong tea polyphenols, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) 3-O-(3-O-methyl) (EGCG3″Me) on pancreatic α-amylase, inhibition, enzyme kinetics, ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectrum fluorescence α-amylase were investigated. The results showed that EGCG, EGCG3″Me all exhibited against their half concentration (IC50) values 0.375, 0.350, 0.572 mg/mL, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk double reciprocal plot indicated types...

In this study, a flavor imitation method for Osmanthus fragrans aroma was developed based on molecular docking screening and odor activity value (OAV) analysis. A range of 41 volatile compounds defined through headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) analysis O. dry powders gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) determination its essential oil. Molecular performed using these with ten chosen olfactory receptors (ORs) related to floral aroma, heat map constructed the cluster...

Echinochloa species are troublesome weeds that cause serious problems in paddy fields. Due to the fact genus comprises numerous and subspecies, research on its seed germination emergence ecology is still insufficient. In this study, influence of varying temperatures; light, osmotic, saline conditions; depth burial seeds seedlings was determined through laboratory pot tests: E. crus-galli var. crus-galli, mitis, praticola, caudata. Seed constant temperatures four taxa examined between 15 40...

ABSTRACT Gene redundancy endows bacteria with enhanced adaptability to complex and fluctuating environments but results in genetic costs. Transcriptional regulation is considered an effective strategy for harmonizing adaptive benefits physiological burdens. In our previous study, two redundant gene clusters (phbh1pcaApcaBorf404bhbR1 phbh2pcaB2pcaA2bhbR2) involved 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoate (3-Br-4-HB) catabolism were identified Pigmentiphaga kullae strain H8. The LysR-type transcription...

Fimbristylis littoralis, also known as globe fringerush, is one of the most troublesome annual Cyperaceae weeds in dryland fields and nurseries Yangtze Plain, Middle Lower China. The chloroplast (cp) genome F. even this genus, has not been studied yet. In study, feature cp littoralis its phylogenetic relationships reported for first time. It exhibited a typical circular tetramerous structure, with 86 protein-encoding genes. There were 149 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) 1932 long (LRs)...

Japanese foxtail is a predominant tetraploid grass weed in wheat and oilseed rape fields eastern China. In China, pyroxsulam mainly used to manage annual weeds, especially those resistant acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides. Using dose–response studies, pyroxsulam-resistant population, ACTC-1, was identified with resistance index value of 58. Additionally, ACTC-1 cross-resistant sulfonylureas, imidazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinyl-benzoates,...

Understanding the synergic interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and its host mulberry (Morus alba L.), an important perennial multipurpose plant, has theoretical practical significance in plantation, silkworm cultivation, relevant textile industry. In a greenhouse study, we compared functional distinctions of three genetically different AMF species (Acaulospora scrobiculata, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices) on physiological growth characteristics as well...

Although anti-zearalenone (ZEN) antibodies have been widely prepared, these cross-react with α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), β-zearalenol (β-ZOL), zearalanone (ZAN), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) and β-zearalanol (β-ZAL). To overcome this problem improve the specificity of immunoassays, we produced anti-ZEN based on a ZEN-cationic protein conjugate. In study, ZEN was coupled cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA) via Mannich reaction. After BALB/c mice were immunized ZEN-cBSA, an immunological response rapidly...

Abstract Background Indian jointvetch ( Aeschynomene indica ) is a common and pernicious weed found in the upland direct-seeding rice fields lower reaches of Yangtze River China. However, there are few reports on degree harm, genetic characteristics, management methods this weed. The purpose study to clarify harm rice, analyze characteristics based chloroplast genomics identify its related species, screen herbicides that effective managing fields. Results In field investigation paddies...

In recent years, adverse reactions and events associated with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) herbal (HM) have frequently occurred. particular, regard to the safety of newly discovered TCM that been deemed “toxic,” providing a scientifically based answer developing effective solutions is challenging. Owing complexity TCM/HM products lack systematic research, our understanding potential causes TCM/HM-induced liver injury limited. Therefore, significant advancements in toxicity preventing...

Abstract BACKGROUND Leersia japonica (Makino) Honda is a perennial weed and currently identified as new dominant species in rice fields many countries, including China. Here, we studied the biological characteristics combined with nonchemical management of L. to develop proper control strategy this weed. RESULTS The results showed that 33/28 °C 12 h:12 h, light:dark photoperiod were most suitable growth conditions for seedling regeneration. Salt (NaCl) inhibits regeneration seedlings totally...

Allicin is believed to be the main component responsible for biological activity of garlic. The regulation cell apoptosis may have therapeutic potential trauma/hemorrhagic shock, and previous studies demonstrated that allicin exerts protective effects against tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, this study examined on apoptosis-related organ damage, induced by shock.Studies were performed an in vivo model spontaneously breathing rats with shock; left lower lobe lungs, kidney,...

Phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), a class of polyphenolic compounds, are considered one major bioactive constituents Cistanche deserticola Y.C. Ma (CD), whose extract is orally used in traditional Chinese medicine. Although previous pharmacological studies have reported that PhGs exert many activities, their intestinal transport profiles not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the permeability PhG-rich (PRE) from CD as an integrated system Caco-2 cell monolayer model using...

Italian ryegrass has invaded wheat fields in China and is becoming a predominant, troublesome weed. Fenoxaprop- P -ethyl been widely used for weed control on Chinese farms since the 1990s. However, overuse led to fenoxaprop -P resistance fields. In this study, we identified putative fenoxaprop- -ethyl–resistant population of ryegrass, HZYC-6, from Henan province, China. Mutations involving Asp-2078-Gly Ile-1781-Leu substitutions were carboxyl-transferase domain acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase...

Summary In this study, response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimal conditions for extraction of tea polyphenols, EGCG and theanine from summer green tea. As results, were determined be temperature 96 °C, time 40 min ratio water raw material 16 mL g −1 . Under these conditions, experimental values EGCG, IC 50 DPPH free radical scavenging activity 133.41 ± 3.12 mg gallic acid , 30.23 1.22, 3.99 1.13 724.95 15.12 μg respectively. There no statistical difference at...

A new compound from <italic>Ferula sinkiangensis</italic> has the potential to treat gastric cancer through apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest.

The volatile flavor profiles and sensory properties of different vegetable soybean varieties popularized cultivated in China for 20, 10, 2 years (TW292, X3, SX6, respectively) were investigated. Nutrient composition analysis revealed that TW292 had a high soluble protein sugar content but low fat content. total free amino acid (15.43 mg/g) umami (6.08 SX6 significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those the other varieties. An electronic tongue effectively differentiated between sweetness...

Because cropping systems can greatly affect the establishment and spread of alien species populations, design to control invasive weeds is an important approach for management in agro-ecosystems avoid excessive increases other measures such as herbicides. The annual weed Phalaris minor Retz. (P. minor) one most troublesome winter crops Yunnan Province, China, but development ecological this have received limited research attention. Here, we studied seed dormancy, germination characteristics...

Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli, E. zelayensis, and glabrescens, morphologically similar at the seedling stage, are most pernicious barnyard grass species in paddy fields worldwide. Chloroplast (cp) genomes could be conducive to their identification. In this study, we assembled complete cp genome sequences of (139,856 bp), zelayensis (139,874 glabrescens which exhibited a typical circular tetramerous structure, large small single-copy regions, pair inverted repeats. there were 136...