Vertebrate retinal photoreceptors recover from photoexcitation-induced hydrolysis of guanosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) by resynthesizing cyclic GMP, which reopens cation channels that have been closed light. Activation guanylate cyclase light-induced depletion cytosolic calcium is a key event in this recovery process. This has now shown to be regulated 23-kilodalton binding protein. The protein present both rod and cone was named recoverin because it promotes the dark state. amino...

We tested the hypothesis that kinesin moves parallel to microtubule's protofilament axis. polymerized microtubules with protofilaments ran either long axis or along shallow helical paths around cylindrical surface of microtubule. When gliding across a kinesin-coated surface, former did not rotate. The latter microtubules, those supertwisted protofilaments, rotate; pitch and handedness rotation accorded supertwist measured by electron cryo-microscopy. results show follows path high fidelity....

Recoverin, a recently discovered 23-kDa calcium-binding protein, activates retinal rod guanylate cyclase when the calcium level is lowered in submicromolar range. We report here cloning and sequencing of cDNA for recoverin from bovine expression library. The coding sequence was inserted into pET-11a vector under control T7 phage promoter. A second system, which placed lambda PR promoter, gave 10-fold higher yields (10 mg purified per liter Escherichia coli culture). finding that...

Diagnostic, genotypic and antibiotic-resistance determinants of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were analysed by molecular methods to verify the failure ceftriaxone treatment in two cases pharyngeal gonorrhoea. Monoplex assays needed define competitive inhibition a positive Chlamydia PCR duplex assay. Different penA changes detected N. isolated from cases. These associated with raised MICs 0.03 0.016 mg l(-1), which may have contributed failures these

Increasing numbers of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with decreased susceptibilities to ceftriaxone and other oral cephalosporins widely used for the treatment gonorrhea have been isolated in Sydney, Australia, over several years. In this study, we examined complete penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP 2) amino acid sequences 109 gonococci, selected on basis their diverse temporal geographic origins because they exhibited a range MICs: < OR =0.03 microg/ml (n = 59), 0.06 43), 0.125 7)....

ObjectivesReduced susceptibility to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Neisseria gonorrhoeae has, date, been associated with three alterations: a mosaic penA allele encoding the penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2); A-del-mtrR, an adenine deletion mtrR promoter; and penB, comprising mutated alleles of PorBIb. In this study, we examined association between reduced ceftriaxone additional mutations gonococcal PBP2.

Eighteen hundred Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected in Sydney, Australia, 2007 and 2008 were examined for mosaic penA alleles that mediated cephalosporin resistance, the genotypes of evaluated. In 2008, there substantial increases numbers (from 15 to 85) proportions 1.5 10.3%) mosaic-containing gonococci major shifts genotypic patterns, with 10 new representing 74 85 detected between 2001 2005 having disappeared. Enhanced surveillance gonococcal resistance cephalosporins is necessary.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is identified as a priority pathogen due to its capacity rapidly develop antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Following the easing of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic travel restrictions across international borders in state New South Wales (NSW), Australia, surge gonococcal isolates with raised ceftriaxone MIC values were detected.All N. (n = 150) increased NSW between 1 January 2021 and July 2022 from males females all sites sequenced.A new emergence rapid expansion an ST7827 clone was...

We examined gonococci isolated in 2004, East Java and Papua, Indonesia, to review the suitability of ciprofloxacin-based other treatment regimens. Gonococci from two provinces were tested Sydney for susceptibility penicillin, tetracycline, spectinomycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, azithromycin rifampicin. Of 163 gonococcal isolates (91) Papua (72), 120 (74%) gonococci, 62 (68%) 58 (80%) respectively, penicillinase-producing 162 displayed high-level tetracycline resistance....

We report a cluster of gonorrhoea among mainly heterosexual men that occurred in October 2005, which was first identified when routine weekly surveillance review procedures indicated three-fold increase reporting rates compared with historical data.Each case followed up the treating medical officer to treatment regimes and risk exposures, carry out enhanced contact tracing. The phenotype genotype outbreak gonococcal isolates gonococci prevalent months preceding following were determined....

Recent studies have demonstrated a wide geographic circulation of isolates Neisseria gonorrhoeae that fail to produce prolyliminopeptidase (PIP). Tests based on the production this enzyme are important elements number identification systems for gonococci. We documented appearance, expansion, and contraction subtypes 165 PIP-negative gonococci detected in an extended systematic sample 3,926 N. collected Sydney, Australia, from July 2002 September 2005. Their peak, decline followed "epidemic"...

Abstract Moving along a microtubule, kinesin follows course parallel to the protofilaments; but it is not known whether binds exclusively on single protofilament. The presence of zinc during tubulin polymerization induces sheets where neighboring protofilaments are antiparallel. If could support motility these zinc‐sheets, then binding site for molecule would be limited Kamimura and Mandelkow [1992: J. Cell Biol. 118:865–75] reported that moves zinc‐sheets. We found zinc‐sheets grown under...

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae remains a global public health problem. Susceptibility to first-line treatment extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) is decreasing worldwide resulting therapeutic failures with oral ESCs. This study describes cefpodoxime 10 μg disc test for screening gonococci containing penA mosaic allele encoding penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) and decreased ESC susceptibility. Selected clinical gonococcal isolates (n = 315), high proportion of...

The efficacy of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) has been compared with that tetracycline and chloramphenicol in 175 bacteriologically confirmed cases cholera admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital Delhi. Vibrio cholerae, biotype El Tor, serotype ogawa, were isolated from all patients. TMP-SMX showed greater vitro inhibition earlier eradication intestinal tract is recommended as a suitable vibriocidal agent against cholera.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is a major cause of morbidity in developing countries like India. The aim the study was to assess abnormalities platelet count iron and relate severity thrombocytosis with its association erythropoietin (EPO) level.Methods: A prospective observational comprising 200 children below 18 years confirmed have IDA. Erythropoietin level done patients who had thrombocytosis. Degree correlated EPO also ferritin, haematological indices hemoglobin MCV (mean...

The key issues with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections, in Australia and elsewhere, are coincident increases disease rates antimicrobial resistance (AMR), although these factors have not been shown to be correlated. Despite advances diagnosis, control of this remains elusive, incidence continues increase. Of the Australian jurisdictions, New South Wales (NSW) has highest N. notifications, over five-year period 2015-2019, notifications NSW increased above national average (by 116% versus 85%,...

The reference laboratories of the National Neisseria Network, Australia report laboratory data on invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases confirmed by testing using culture- and non-culture-based techniques for Australian Meningococcal Surveillance Programme. Culture-positive cases, where meningitidis is grown from a normally sterile site or skin lesions, diagnoses (nucleic acid amplification testing), are defined as IMD Public Health Laboratory Network definitions. Data contained in...