Several proteins have been shown to be post-translationally modified on a specific C-terminal cysteine residue by either of two isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway metabolites, farnesyl diphosphate or geranylgeranyl diphosphate. Three enzymes responsible for protein isoprenylation were resolved chromatographically from the cytosolic fraction bovine brain: farnesyl-protein transferase (FTase), which cell-transforming Ras protein, and geranyl-geranyl-protein transferases, one (GGTase-I) chimeric...

Farnesylation of Ras occurs in vivo on a Cys residue the C-terminal sequence -Cys-Val-Leu-Ser (termed CAAX box). This modification is required for membrane localization and cell transforming activity. Using [3H]farnesyl-PPi as precursor Escherichia coli-expressed Ras, forms having were radiolabeled upon incubation with cytosolic fraction bovine brain. Forms deletion or to Ser substitution this not substrates. Radioactivity incorporated into by brain cytosol was released treatment iodomethane...

A novel staphylolytic enzyme, ALE-1, acting on Staphylococcus aureus, was purified from a capitis EPK1 culture supernatant. The optimal pH range for activity 7 to 9. ALE-1 contains one Zn2+ atom per molecule. Analysis of peptidoglycan fragments released by indicated that the enzyme is glycylglycine endopeptidase. effects various modulators were determined, and we found o-phenanthroline, iodoacetic acid, diethylpyrocarbonate, Cu2+ reduced ALE-1. beta-Casein, elastin, pentaglycine poor...

Staphylococcus capitis EPK1 produces a glycylglycine endopeptidase, ALE-1 (M. Sugai, T. Fujiwara, Akiyama, M. Ohara, H. Komatsuzawa, S. Inoue, and Suginaka, J. Bacteriol. 179:1193-1202, 1997), which hydrolyzes interpeptide pentaglycine chains of cell wall peptidoglycan aureus. Characterizations the enzyme activity cloning ale-1 revealed that is very similar to prolysostaphin produced by simulans bv. staphylolyticus. Strain resistant lysis lysostaphin. A gene renders cells endopeptidase (epr)...

This paper describes a strategy for autonomous diagnoses of cancers using microRNA (miRNA) and therapy tumor cells by DNA computing techniques nanopore measurement. Theranostics, which involves the combination diagnosis therapy, has emerged as an approach personalized medicine or point-of-care cancer diagnostics. will become potent tool theranostics because it functions completely autonomously without need external regulations. However, conventional one-to-one reaction in single input...

This paper describes an AND logic operation with amplification and transcription from DNA to RNA, using T7 RNA polymerase. All four operations, (0 0) (1 1), enzyme reaction can be performed simultaneously, four-droplet devices that are directly connected a patch-clamp amplifier. The output molecule is detected biological nanopore single-molecule translocation. Channel current recordings obtained the solution. integration of gates into electrochemical necessary obtain information in...

A new species of tetramethylammonium-assimilating bacteria was isolated from an activated sludge which used for the treatment tetramethylammonium hydroxide contained in wastewater semiconductor manufacturing processes. Cells were gram-negative, nonmotile, short rods (0.5 to 0.8 μm by 0.7 1.1 μm). The major respiratory quinone component Q-10. G+C content 71 mol%. Isolates are mesophilic and assimilate methylated amines such as tetramethylammonium, trimethylamine, dimethylamine, methylamine...

Although a number of studies have been carried out to examine the biological effects radiation and ultraviolet (UV), little is known concerning visible light. In present study, exposure B16 melanoma cells blue light (wavelength 470 nm, irradiance 5.7 mW / cm(2)) from light-emitting diode (LED) inhibited cell growth in proportion period exposure, with no increase observed dead cells. The colonies that formed after for 20 min was only slightly less than non-exposed controls, but colony size as...

Bacterial cells degrade intracellular proteins at elevated rates during starvation and can selectively by energy-dependent processes. Sporulating bacteria protein with apparent first-order rate constants of over 0.20 h-1. We have shown, an optimized [14C]leucine-labeling chasing procedure, in a chemically defined sporulation medium, that degradation sporulating Bacillus subtilis 168 (trpC2) is apparently energy dependent. Sodium arsenate, sodium azide, carbonyl cyanide...

Ohara M, Miyauchi Tsuruda K, Takata T, Sugai M. Topical application of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxininduces cell cycle arrest in the rat gingival epithelium vivo. J Periodont Res 2011; 46: 389–395. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background: is one etiological pathogens implicated onset periodontal disease. This pathogen produces toxin (CDT) that acts as a genotoxin to induce and cellular distension cultured lines. Therefore, CDT possible virulence factor;...

This paper describes a method of hairpin DNA (hpDNA) unzipping analysis using biological nanopore array. Various lengths hpDNAs were captured and translocated through the individual duration times monitored. The correlation between time simulated hybridization energy duplexes was able to be modeled as first-ordered reaction. is one approach for understanding basic reactions in replication RNA transcription.

The inhibition actions of adenosine and adenine nucleotides, such as ATP, AMP cyclic AMP, on contractions guinea-pig from ileum induced by transmural stimulation were potentiated dipyridamole, whereas those inosine, morphine tetrodotoxin not affected. Tritium activity, accumulated during incubation the ileal segments with [3H]adenosine, was reduced dipyridamole. added degraded to inosine then hypoxanthine incubation, segments, thereby restoring twitch response segments. In presence...

Abstract Bio‐inspired functional microcapsules have attracted increasing attention in many fields from physical/chemical science to artificial‐cell engineering. Although particle‐stabilised are advantageous for their stability and functionalisation potential, versatile methods desired expand possibilities. This study reports a water‐in‐oil microdroplet stabilised with amphiphilic DNA origami nanoplates. By utilising nanotechnology, nanoplates were designed as nanopore device ion...

We have demonstrated that blue light has anticancer effects in cultured cancer cells and tumor-bearing animals. Based on our experimental findings, addition to cytostatic activity suppresses the proliferation of B16 melanoma cells, may exert cytocidal through interaction with vitamin(s) contained culture medium. The present study was undertaken identify specific vitamins which interacts investigate factors responsible for its activity. were incubated media supplemented various exposed 10...

Dilazep, a coronary dilator, has been reported to potentiate the negative inotropic and chronotropic responses of guinea‐pig atria adenosine. Studies were made on mechanism potentiating action dilazep with special reference degradation uptake The actions adenosine adenine nucleotides, such as ATP, ADP, AMP cyclic AMP, selectively dose‐dependently augmented by at concentrations insufficient produce any effect alone (0.01 1 μ m ). Incubation atrial tissue 8.8 n adenosine, containing 0.1 μCi [...

12‐ O ‐Tetradecanoylphorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) was applied to the back skin of v‐Ha‐ras (TG‐AC) female transgenic mice at a dose 2.5 μg/200 μl twice week for 9 weeks. The then exposed blue light (wavelength, 470 nm; irradiance, 5.7 mW/ cm 2 ) 1 h daily which TPA developed tumors 6 weeks after start application. tumor incidence rates 6, 7, 8 and application were 70%, 80%, 100% 100%, respectively, numbers mm or more in diameter 1, 5, 10 19, respectively. In that application, 10%, 40%, 60% 0, 2,...

To explore the possibility of using blue light for extracorporeal circulation therapy in patients with leukemia, effects on cell growth vitro and extracorporeally circulated blood rats leukemia were evaluated. When HL60 cells a peristaltic pump exposed to 5 h, was found be markedly suppressed. Then, erythroblastic induced by administration tap water containing l-ethyl-l-nitrosourea (ENU) 9-16 weeks, 3 h. Lymphocytes separated from peripheral immediately after end blue-light-exposure...

Purpose: As clinical liver perfusion systems use portal vein and artery flow, dual techniques are required even in small animal models order to reproduce setting. The aim of this study was construct a new dual-flow system rat model optimized the oxygen supply ensure aerobic metabolization. Methods: circuit fabricated using whole blood samples as perfusates. controlled according amount dissolved perfusate. Perfusate parameters adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were analyzed evaluate organ...

Little has been known about the effects of visible light in mammalian cells. We recently found that blue not only suppressed growth B16 melanoma cells a time-dependent manner but also inhibited metastasis to lung. These findings suggest exposure modifies functions The present study investigated on 4A5 and Weiser-Maple guinea-pigs confirm biological effect melanin formation.The red, green, synthesis was measured. back skin brown exposed ultraviolet B (UVB; 588 mJ/cm(2) (0.7 mW/cm(2)x 14 min)...

Even though transplantation is an essential treatment with no viable alternatives, a significant worldwide donor shortage persists. In this study, we assessed the metabolism of livers that underwent extended periods circulatory death and subsequently conducted functional validation through to explore feasibility using from uncontrolled after (u-DCD).A model simulating u-DCD was constructed pigs. The prolonged warm ischemia time (WIT) set 60, 120, 180 minutes, liver function evaluated 24...