A5024349567- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV Research and Treatment
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Polyomavirus and related diseases
- interferon and immune responses
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Full-Duplex Wireless Communications
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Goethe University Frankfurt
2020-2025
University Hospital Frankfurt
2020-2025
Deutsches Institut für Normung
2023
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
2023
University of Tübingen
2023
Karlsruhe University of Education
2023
Bayerisches Landesamt für Umwelt
2023
University of Duisburg-Essen
2016-2022
ORCID
2022
Institute of Virology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
2018-2022
The papain-like protease PLpro is an essential coronavirus enzyme that required for processing viral polyproteins to generate a functional replicase complex and enable spread1,2. also implicated in cleaving proteinaceous post-translational modifications on host proteins as evasion mechanism against antiviral immune responses3–5. Here we perform biochemical, structural characterization of the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (SCoV2-PLpro) outline differences with SARS-CoV...
Abstract Due to numerous mutations in the spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron (B.1.1.529) raises serious concerns since it may significantly limit antibody-mediated neutralization and increase risk reinfections. While a rapid number cases is being reported worldwide, until now there has been uncertainty about efficacy vaccinations monoclonal antibodies. Our vitro findings using authentic variants indicate that contrast currently circulating Delta variant, vaccine-elicited...
Due to globally rising numbers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, resources for real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR)-based testing have been exhausted. In order meet the demands and reduce transmission, SARS-CoV-2 antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) are being considered. These fast, inexpensive, simple use, but whether they detect potentially infectious cases has not well studied. We evaluated three...
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> In recent months, Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 have become dominant in many regions the world, and case numbers with subvariants BA.1 BA.2 continue to increase. Due numerous mutations spike protein, efficacy currently available vaccines, which are based on Wuhan-Hu 1 isolate SARS-CoV-2, is reduced, leading breakthrough infections. Efficacy monoclonal antibody therapy also likely impaired. <h3>Methods</h3> our <i>in vitro</i> study using A549-AT cells...
The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global health threat and novel antiviral strategies are urgently needed. SARS-CoV-2 employs the cellular serine protease TMPRSS2 for entry into lung cells, inhibitors being developed therapy. However, Omicron variant, which currently dominates pandemic, prefers endo/lysosomal cysteine cathepsin L over cell entry, raising doubts as to whether would be suitable treatment of patients infected with variant. Nevertheless, contribution spread in host is largely...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus currently causing pandemic. We show that the majority of amino acid positions, which differ between and closely related SARS-CoV, are differentially conserved suggesting differences in biological behaviour. In agreement, cell culture models revealed tropism SARS-CoV. Moreover, cellular ACE2 (SARS-CoV-2 receptor) TMPRSS2 (enables virus entry via S protein cleavage) levels did not reliably indicate susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV further...
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of acute respiratory disease COVID-19, which has become a global concern due to its rapid spread. Meanwhile, increased demand for testing led shortage reagents and supplies compromised performance diagnostic laboratories in many countries. Both World Health Organization (WHO) Center Disease Control Prevention (CDC) recommend multi-step RT-PCR assays using multiple primer probe pairs, might complicate interpretation test results,...
The capacity of convalescent and vaccine-elicited sera monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants is currently high relevance assess the protection against infections. We performed a cell culture-based neutralization assay focusing on authentic B.1.617.1 (Kappa), B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.427/B.1.429 (Epsilon), all harboring spike substitution L452R. found that L452R had reduced susceptibility mAbs. Compared B.1, Kappa Delta showed by factor 8.00 5.33, respectively, which...
Abstract A novel coronavirus was recently discovered and termed SARS-CoV-2. Human infection can cause disease 2019 (COVID-19), for which, at this point, over 80,000 cases resulting in 2,500 deaths have been reported 40 countries. SARS-CoV-2 shows some similarities to other coronaviruses. However, treatment options a cellular understanding of are lacking. Here we identify the host cell pathways modulated by SARS-CoV-19 reveal that drugs targeting prevent viral replication human cells. We...
Abstract Whether monoclonal antibodies are able to neutralize severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern has been investigated using pseudoviruses. In this study we show that bamlanivimab, casirivimab, and imdevimab efficiently authentic SARS-CoV-2, including variant B.1.1.7 (alpha), but B.1.351 (beta) P.2 (zeta) were resistant against bamlanivimab partially casirivimab. variantshas We SARS-CoV-2 carrying E484K less susceptible convalescent vaccine-elicited sera.
Abstract Variant of concern (VOC) Omicron-BA.1 has achieved global predominance in early 2022. Therefore, surveillance and comprehensive characterization advanced primary cell culture systems animal models are urgently needed. Here, we characterize recombinant spike gene mutants comparison with VOC Delta well-differentiated human nasal bronchial epithelial cells vitro, followed by vivo fitness hamsters, ferrets hACE2-expressing mice, immunized hACE2-mice. We demonstrate a spike-mediated...
Effective splice site selection is critically controlled by flanking splicing regulatory elements (SREs) that can enhance or repress use. Although several computational algorithms currently identify a multitude of potential SRE motifs, their predictive power with respect to mutation effects limited. Following RESCUE-type approach, we defined hexamer-based ‘HEXplorer score’ as average Z-score all six hexamers overlapping given nucleotide in an arbitrary genomic sequence. Plotted along...
Containment strategies and clinical management of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients during the current pandemic depend on reliable diagnostic PCR assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we compare 11 different RT-PCR test systems used in seven laboratories Germany March 2020. While most performed well, identified detection problems a commonly assay that may have resulted false-negative results first weeks pandemic.
Objective: Although bone marrow, liver, thymus (BLT)-humanized mice provide a robust model for HIV-1 infection and enable evaluation of cure strategies dependent on endogenous immune responses, most develop graft versus host disease (GVHD), limiting their utility extended HIV studies. This study aimed to: evaluate the GVHD-resistant C57 black 6 (C57BL/6) recombination activating gene 2 (Rag2)−/−γc−/−CD47−/− triple knockout (TKO)-BLT mouse as to establish latency. Determine whether TKO-BLT...
Abstract The IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) bamlanivimab (LY-CoV555) prevents viral attachment and entry into human cells by blocking to the ACE2 receptor. However, whether is equally effective against SARS-CoV-2 emerging variants of concern (VOC) not fully known. Hence, aim this study was determine VOC. ability neutralize five including B.1.1.7 (mutations include N501Y del69/70), B.1.351 E484K N501Y) P.2 in absence a mutation) analyzed infectious cell culture using CaCo2 cells....
Despite the recent availability of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is an urgent need for specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. Monoclonal neutralizing antibodies are important drug class in global fight SARS-CoV-2 pandemic due to their ability convey immediate protection and potential be used as both prophylactic therapeutic Clinically viruses currently injected intravenously, which can lead suboptimal pulmonary bioavailability thus a lower...
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of acute respiratory disease COVID-19, which has become a global concern due to its rapid spread. Laboratory work with in laboratory setting was rated biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) biocontainment level. However, certain research applications particular molecular biology require incomplete denaturation proteins, might cause safety issues handling contaminated samples. In this study, we evaluated lysis buffers that are commonly used...
Currently, the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state is an underappreciated niche for pathogenic bacteria which provides a continuous source recurrent infections and transmission. We propose VBNC to be global persistence mechanism used by various A. baumannii strains cope with many stresses it confronted in clinical environment host. This requires novel strategy detect cells of this pathogen that not only based on plating assays.
Abstract Knowledge is limited as to how prior SARS-CoV-2 infection influences cellular and humoral immunity after booster-vaccination with bivalent BA.4/5-adapted mRNA-vaccines, whether vaccine-induced may indicate subsequent infection. In this observational study, individuals ( n = 64) showed higher anti-spike IgG-antibodies neutralizing titers, but the relative increase was significantly in non-infected 63). general, both groups activity towards parental strain than Omicron-subvariants...