A5015588148- Reproductive tract infections research
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Gut microbiota and health
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Data-Driven Disease Surveillance
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2016-2025
Harvard University
2016-2025
Harvard University Press
2017-2025
Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy
2014-2024
University of Global Health Equity
2024
Stanford University
2024
Massachusetts Department of Public Health
2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2024
Harvard Global Health Institute
2024
New York Academy of Sciences
2023
It is urgent to understand the future of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. We used estimates seasonality, immunity, and cross-immunity for human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) HCoV-HKU1 using time-series data from United States inform a model SARS-CoV-2 projected that recurrent wintertime outbreaks will probably occur after initial, most pandemic wave. Absent other interventions, key metric success social distancing whether critical care capacities are...
Limited initial supply of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine raises the question how to prioritize available doses. We used a mathematical model compare five age-stratified prioritization strategies. A highly effective transmission-blocking prioritized adults ages 20 49 years minimized cumulative incidence, but mortality and life lost were in most scenarios when was greater than 60 old. Use individual-level serological tests redirect doses seronegative...
Localized translation in mammalian dendrites may play a role synaptic plasticity and contribute to the molecular basis for learning memory. The regulatory mechanisms that control localized neurons are not well understood. We propose microRNAs (miRNAs), class of noncoding RNAs, as mediators neuronal translational regulation. have identified 86 miRNAs expressed neurons, which 40 previously been reported. A subset these exhibits temporally regulated expression cortical cultures. Moreover, all...
As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic worsens, understanding effectiveness of public messaging and large-scale social distancing interventions is critical. The research health response communities can should use population mobility data collected by private companies, with appropriate legal, organizational, computational safeguards in place. When aggregated, these help refine providing near real-time information about changes patterns human movement.
Abstract There is an urgent need to project how transmission of the novel betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 will unfold in coming years. These dynamics depend on seasonality, duration immunity, and strength cross-immunity to/from other human coronaviruses. Using data from United States, we measured these factors affect betacoronaviruses HCoV-OC43 HCoV-HKU1. We then built a mathematical model simulate through year 2025. that recurrent wintertime outbreaks probably occur after initial pandemic wave....
Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is straining healthcare resources worldwide, prompting social distancing measures to reduce transmission intensity. amount of needed curb the epidemic in context seasonally varying remains unclear. Using a mathematical model, we assessed that one-time interventions will be insufficient maintain COVID-19 prevalence within critical care capacity United States. Seasonal variation facilitate control during summer months but could lead an intense resurgence...
Gonorrhoea and MDR Neisseria gonorrhoeae remain public health concerns globally. Enhanced, quality-assured, gonococcal antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance is essential worldwide. The WHO global Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (GASP) was relaunched in 2009. We describe the phenotypic, genetic reference genome characteristics of 2016 strains intended for quality assurance GASP, other GASPs, diagnostics research
The degree to which molecular epidemiology reveals information about the sources and transmission patterns of an outbreak depends on resolution technology used samples studied. Isolates Escherichia coli O104:H4 from centered in Germany May-July 2011, much smaller southwest France June were indistinguishable by standard tests. We report a epidemiological analysis using multiplatform whole-genome sequencing multiple isolates German French outbreaks. showed remarkably little diversity, with...
Strategies for containing an emerging infectious disease outbreak must be nonpharmaceutical when drugs or vaccines the pathogen do not yet exist are unavailable. The success of these strategies will depend on only effectiveness isolation measures but also epidemiological characteristics infection. However, there is currently no systematic framework to assess relationship between different containment and natural history dynamics pathogen. Here, we compare quarantine symptom monitoring,...
Treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is empirical and based on population-wide susceptibilities. Increasing antimicrobial resistance underscores the potential importance rapid diagnostic tests, including sequence-based to guide therapy. However, usefulness tests depends prevalence dynamics mechanisms. We define markers extended-spectrum cephalosporins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones in 1102 resistant susceptible clinical N. isolates collected from 2000 2013 via Centers for Disease...
Tracking the spread of antimicrobial-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a major priority for national surveillance programmes.
Bystander selection-the selective pressure for resistance exerted by antibiotics on microbes that are not the target pathogen of treatment-is critical to understanding total impact broad-spectrum antibiotic use pathogenic bacterial species often carried asymptomatically. However, our knowledge, this effect has never been quantified. We quantify bystander selection a range clinically relevant antibiotic-species pairs as proportion all exposures received conditions in which was causative...
Antibiotic use is a primary driver of antibiotic resistance. However, can be distributed in different ways population, and the association between distribution resistance has not been explored. Here, we tested hypothesis that repeated antibiotics stronger with population-wide than broadly-distributed, low-intensity use. First, characterized outpatient across US states, finding uneven makes up minority Second, compared for 72 pathogen-antibiotic combinations states. Finally, having...
SARS-CoV-2 infections are characterized by viral proliferation and clearance phases can be followed low-level persistent RNA shedding. The dynamics of concentration, particularly in the early stages infection, inform clinical measures interventions such as test-based screening. We used prospective longitudinal quantitative reverse transcription PCR testing to measure trajectories for 68 individuals during resumption 2019–2020 National Basketball Association season. For 46 with acute...
ABSTRACT Mosaic interspecifically acquired alleles of the multiple transferable resistance ( mtr ) efflux pump operon correlate with increased to azithromycin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae epidemiological studies. However, whether and how these cause is unclear. Here, we use population genomics, transformations, transcriptional analyses dissect relationship between variant resistance. We find that locus encompassing mtrR repressor mtrCDE a hot spot interspecific recombination introducing from...
Abstract Background The alpha and delta SARS-CoV-2 variants have been responsible for major recent waves of COVID-19 despite increasing vaccination rates. reasons the increased transmissibility these reduced vaccine breakthrough infections are unclear. Methods We quantified course viral proliferation clearance 173 individuals with acute using longitudinal quantitative RT-PCR tests conducted anterior nares/oropharyngeal samples ( n = 199,941) as part National Basketball Association’s (NBA)...
The combined impact of immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variants on viral kinetics during infections has been unclear.