Acute Cadmium (Cd) exposure usually induces hepatotoxicity. It is well known that oxidative stress and inflammation causes Cd-induced liver injury. However, the effect of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) in injury not completely understood. In this study, we observed damage potential contribution Nrf2, factor-κB (NF-κB), Nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Changes serum transaminases proinflammatory cytokines expression showed...

Boron is an essential trace element with roles in growth, development, and physiological functions; however, its mechanism of action still unclear. In this study, the regulatory PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on boron-induced changes barrier function, proliferation, apoptosis rat intestinal epithelial cells were evaluated. Occludin levels, proportion G2/M phase, cell proliferation rate, mRNA protein expression levels PCNA higher, while proportions G0/G1 S phases, caspase-3 lower treated 0.8...

In this study, the effects of bee pollen on development digestive organs were evaluated in broiler chickens. A total 144 1-day-old AA chickens randomly and equally divided into two groups, assigned as control group group, respectively. The was fed with a basic diet, while diet supplemented 1.5% over period 6 weeks. At end each week, obtained for comparison from 12 broilers selected group. results demonstrated that compared to small intestine villi duodenum, jejunum, ileum longer thicker This...

Nutritional induction of endogenous antimicrobial peptide expression is considered a promising approach to inhibit the outgrowth and infection pathogenic microbes in mammals. The present study investigated possible regulation porcine epithelial β-defensins response branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) vivo vitro. BCAA treatment increased relative mRNA jejunal ileal weaned piglets. In IPEC-J2 cells, isoleucine, leucine, valine could stimulate β-defensin expression, possibly associated with...

Wannanhua (WH) is a pig breed indigenous to Anhui Province, China. This has high intramuscular fat (IMF) content, making it an ideal model for investigating lipid deposition mechanisms in pigs. IMF content one of the main indicators meat quality pigs and regulated by multiple genes metabolic pathways. Building upon our prior transcriptomic investigation, present study focused on longissimus dorsi muscle tissue rapid fat-deposition stages (120 240 days age). Employing 4D label-free...

Hepatotoxicity is frequently observed following acute cadmium (Cd) exposure in chicken. Oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation are regarded as the main reasons for cadmium-induced liver injury. NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-induced pyroptosis involved various inflammatory diseases, including Poultry more susceptible to harmful effects of heavy metals. However, mechanism injury chicken still elusive. In this study, effect on cells...

The Huai pig is a well-known indigenous breed in China. main advantages of pigs over Western commercial breeds include high intramuscular fat (IMF) content and good meat quality. There are significant differences the quality traits same muscle part or different parts variety. To investigate potential genetic mechanism underlying groups, longissimus dorsi (LD), psoas major (PM), biceps femoris (BF) tissues were collected from two (Huai Duroc). amino acid content. We assessed transcriptomic...

Introduction Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main diarrhea-causing pathogen in children and young animals has become a global health concern. Berberine type of “medicine food homology” long history use China, particularly treating gastrointestinal disorders bacterial diarrhea. Methods In this study, we explored effects berberine on growth performance, intestinal inflammation, oxidative damage, microbiota weaned piglet model ETEC infection. Twenty-four piglets were randomly...

Abstract Heat stress decreases natural immunity making cows more vulnerable to diseases. A previous study reported that daidzein can enhance animal resistance heat and regulate immunocompetence. However, it is unclear whether regulates the immune performance of late lactation under stress. In this study, in four groups were raised hot weather fed with basic diet, diet plus 200, 300, 400 mg/day daidzein, respectively, experimental period was 60 days. Blood collected examine changes serum...

Background: Rotavirus (RV) is a major cause of diarrhea in young children and animals, especially piglets, leading to substantial economic losses the global pig industry. Isoleucine (Ile), branched-chain amino acid, plays an important role regulating nutrient metabolism has been shown improve diarrhea. This study aimed evaluate effects Ile supplementation on mucosal immune barrier small intestine RV-infected weaned piglets. Methods: Forty-eight 21-day-old piglets were randomly divided into...

Crude protein (CP) in diets is essential for maintaining animal health and production performance. However, the requirements of Wanxi white geese during laying period are not well understood. In this study, 120 one-year-old were selected divided into three groups based on similar body weights, namely 14% CP, 15% 16% with each group consisting 40 animals. The feed was administered days. Compared CP group, showed a significant increase number courtships matings, reduction nesting frequency, an...

This study was performed to investigate changes in growth performance, immune organs weight and microstructure of broilers fed different levels boron (0, 100, 200 400 mg/L) drinking water for 6 weeks. A total 240 newly-hatched Gushi chickens [body (BW)=34±2 kg; male: female=1:1] were equally divided into 4 treatments with 5 pens each (n=12 per pen). The birds weighed after fasting 12 h every two weeks until the end experiment. thymus, bursa spleen samples collected fixed 4% paraformaldehyde...

Boron is an essential trace element in animals. Appropriate boron supplementation can promote thymus development; however, a high dose of lead to adverse effects and cause toxicity. The influencing mechanism on the animal body remains unclear. In this study, we examined effect cytokine expression, thymosin thymopoietin secretion, antioxidant function, cell proliferation apoptosis, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 2 (ERK1/2) pathway rats. We found that with 10 20 mg/L drinking water...

This study describes the anatomical, light microscopic, and ultrastructural characterization of immune organs in ostrich chicks. In this 6 healthy 8-week-old chicks were processed for transmission electron microscopy. Hematoxylin eosin as well improved Weigert staining used The small thymus, which clustered caudally along both sides neck, contained Hassall's corpuscles medulla. cloacal bursa, formed hanging lateral walls cloaca, enveloped cloaca but did not form a truly independent bursa....

Enteric infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in both humans animals worldwide. Immunotherapy against intestinal well-known alternative to the antibiotic strategy. Herein, we demonstrated that isoleucine significantly suppressed multiplication E. coli presence IPEC-J2 cells. Isoleucine supplementation enhanced concentrations total plasma protein IgA pigs compared alanine control diet, while inhibiting increase endotoxin IL-6 contents induced by challenge. A significant...

This paper aims to evaluate the effects of probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and natto) on muscle development meat quality broilers. In this study, 480 broilers (1 day old) were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group A was fed with a basal diet. The diets B, C, D respectively supplemented 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline, 200 probiotics, 400 probiotics. On 21 42, in each group, 18 selected tested determine performances. 21, compared A, C showed no significant difference weight,...

Recent studies have shown a correlation between piglet diarrhea and the gut microbiota. However, precise mechanism by which intestinal microorganisms their metabolites influence in weaned piglets remains unclear. This study explored differences microbiota associated healthy diarrheic-weaned using macrogenomic metabolomic analyses. The histomorphological results showed that diarrheic had shorter jejunal ileal villi, some of were shed, compared to piglets. Substantial microbial diversity also...

Ovarian development significantly influences the laying performance of geese. In this study, transcriptome analysis was conducted on ovarian tissues Wanxi White Geese during pre-laying (KL), (CL), and ceased-laying period (XL). Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) miRNA–mRNA regulatory network construction were performed to identify key genes miRNAs regulating traits. Comparative KL vs. CL, CL XL, XL groups resulted in identification 337, 136, 525 differentially expressed (DEGs), 258,...

Rotavirus (RV) is a significant contributor to diarrhea in both young children and animals, especially piglets, resulting considerable economic impacts on the global pig industry. Isoleucine (Ile), branched-chain amino acid, crucial for regulating nutrient metabolism has been found help mitigate diarrhea. This study aimed assess impact of isoleucine supplementation feed colonic barrier function, microbiota, RV-infected weanling piglets. A total thirty-two weaned aged 21 days, were randomly...

This study investigated the effects of chitooligosaccharide on lipid metabolism, immune organ development, and lymphocyte apoptosis in broiler chickens. A total 480 one-day-old chickens (Arbor Acres) were randomly evenly assigned to control group experimental groups I, II, III. The was given a basic diet, while III diets for 42 days, supplemented with 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline, 20, 40 chitooligosaccharide, respectively. We found levels serum triglycerides (TG) low density lipoprotein...