A5017587292- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Microbial Inactivation Methods
- Banana Cultivation and Research
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure
2013-2024
Inserm
2013-2024
Université Paris Sciences et Lettres
2017-2024
Université Paris Cité
2024
Institut Pasteur
2022-2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2011-2024
Délégation Ile-de-France Villejuif
2022
The Gurdon Institute
2017-2018
University of Cambridge
2017-2018
École Normale Supérieure - PSL
2017-2018
RNA interference defends against viral infection in plant and animal cells. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans its natural pathogen, the positive-strand virus Orsay, have recently emerged as a new model of host-virus interaction. Using genome-wide association study C. wild populations quantitative trait locus mapping, we identify 159 base-pair deletion conserved drh-1 gene (encoding RIG-I-like helicase) major determinant sensitivity. We show that DRH-1 is required for initiation an...
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been central to the understanding of metazoan biology. However, C. is but one species among millions and significance this important model organism will only be fully revealed if it placed in a rich evolutionary context. Global sampling efforts have led discovery over 50 putative from genus Caenorhabditis, many which await formal description. Here, we present descriptions for 10 new species. We also draft genome sequences nine these species, along with...
The food-borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes is genetically heterogeneous. Although some clonal groups have been implicated in multiple outbreaks, there currently no consensus on how "epidemic clones" should be defined. objectives of this work were to compare the patterns sequence diversity two sets genes that widely used define L. groups: multilocus typing (MLST) and multi-virulence-locus (MvLST). Further, we evaluated within by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Based 125 isolates...
Abstract Shigella sonnei , the main cause of bacillary dysentery in high-income countries, has become increasingly resistant to antibiotics. We monitored antimicrobial susceptibility 7121 S. isolates collected France between 2005 and 2021. detected a dramatic increase proportion simultaneously ciprofloxacin (CIP), third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) azithromycin (AZM) from 2015. Our genomic analysis 164 such extensively drug-resistant (XDR) identified 13 different clusters within...
In mycobacteria, conjugation differs from the canonical Hfr model, but is still poorly understood. Here, we quantified this evolutionary processe in a natural mycobacterial population, taking advantage of large clinical strain collection emerging pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB).Multilocus sequence typing confirmed existence three M. subspecies, and unravelled extensive allelic exchange between them. Furthermore, an asymmetrical gene flow occurring these main lineages was detected,...
Here, we report on the discovery in Caenorhabditis nematodes of multiple vertically transmitted RNAs coding for putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Their sequences share similarity to distinct viruses, including bunyaviruses, narnaviruses, and sobemoviruses. The are present exclusively as not found DNA form. persist progeny after bleach treatment adult animals, indicating vertical transmission RNAs. We tested one infected strains an uninfected strain that mating animals with resulted...
• Autoinfection (within-host inoculum transmission) allows plant pathogens locally to increase their density on an infected host. Estimating autoinfection is of particular importance in understanding epidemic development host mixtures. More generally, influences the rate colonization by pathogen, as well pathogen evolution. Despite its epidemiological models, has not yet been directly quantified. It was measured here wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves a pathogenic fungus (Puccinia triticina)....
The roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans is a laboratory model organism in biology. We study natural populations of this small animal and its relative, C. briggsae , the viruses that infect them. previously discovered three RNA related to nodaviruses here describe fourth one, called Mělník virus. These have genome composed two molecules. find may same cell. molecules be exchanged between variants given viral species. diversity each species devise an assay their infectivity competitive ability....
Impact of host quantitative resistance on pathogen evolution is still poorly documented. In our study, we characterized the adaptation pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, to its host, water yam (Dioscorea alata). Genetic and diversities C. gloeosporioides populations were specified at field scale. We used nuclear markers describe fungal population structuring within between six fields three cultivars differently susceptible fungus. Strain aggressiveness was then quantified in...
The development of dynamic models jointly to simulate host growth and disease spread necessitates a precise description pathogen dispersal in relation canopy structure. In this study, we measured from single infected leaf positioned at different heights wheat canopies. resulting lesion distribution was described along crop rows over three layers. spore sources, although limited leaf, nearly saturated the surface accessible spores. Most lesions were found within 30 40 cm source. vertical...
Abstract The animal germline lineage needs to be maintained along generations. However, some Caenorhabditis elegans wild isolates display a mortal phenotype, whereby the becomes sterile after several generations at 25°C. We used genome-wide association approach study genetic basis for this phenotype in C. populations. detected significant peak on chromosome III around 5 Mb, which was confirmed using introgression lines. These results indicate that seemingly deleterious genotype is...
Abstract The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been central to the understanding of metazoan biology. However, C. is but one species among millions and significance this important model organism will only be fully revealed if it placed in a rich evolutionary context. Global sampling efforts have led discovery over 50 putative from genus , many which await formal description. Here, we present descriptions for ten new species. We also draft genome sequences nine these species, along with...
Abstract From quorum sensing in bacteria to pheromone signaling social insects, chemical communication mediates interactions among individuals a local population. In Caenorhabditis elegans , ascaroside pheromones can dictate population density, which high levels of inhibit the reproductive maturation individuals. Little is known about how natural genetic diversity affects responses from diverse habitats. Here, we show that niche-associated copy-number variation (CNV) receptor genes...
Supergenes are groups of tightly linked loci whose variation is inherited as a single Mendelian locus and common genetic architecture for complex traits under balancing selection 1 . Supergene alleles long-range haplotypes with numerous mutations underlying distinct adaptive strategies, often maintained in linkage disequilibrium through the suppression recombination by chromosomal rearrangements 2–5 However, mechanism governing formation supergenes not well understood, poses paradox...