A5053422960- Noise Effects and Management
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Vehicle Noise and Vibration Control
- Sleep and related disorders
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Hearing Loss and Rehabilitation
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Ergonomics and Musculoskeletal Disorders
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Hospital Admissions and Outcomes
- Occupational Health and Performance
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Safety Warnings and Signage
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Aerodynamics and Acoustics in Jet Flows
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
University of Pennsylvania
2016-2025
California University of Pennsylvania
2019-2022
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)
2008-2019
Philadelphia University
2010-2019
Washington University in St. Louis
2019
Max Delbrück Center
2015
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
2015
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
2015
Institute of Biomedical Problems
2015
Fresenius Medical Care (Germany)
2015
To understand the health impact of long-duration spaceflight, one identical twin astronaut was monitored before, during, and after a 1-year mission onboard International Space Station; his served as genetically matched ground control. Longitudinal assessments identified spaceflight-specific changes, including decreased body mass, telomere elongation, genome instability, carotid artery distension increased intima-media thickness, altered ocular structure, transcriptional metabolic DNA...
Study Objectives:The psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) is among the most widely used measures of behavioral alertness, but there large variation published studies in PVT performance outcomes and durations. To promote standardization increase its sensitivity specificity to sleep loss, we determined metrics task durations that optimally discriminated deprived subjects from alert subjects.
Study Objectives:To gain some insight into how various behavioral (lifestyle) factors influence sleep duration, by investigation of the relationship time to waking activities using American Time Use Survey (ATUS).
Aircraft noise disturbs sleep, and long-term exposure has been shown to be associated with increases in the prevalence of hypertension an overall increased risk for myocardial infarction. The exact mechanisms responsible these cardiovascular effects remain unclear. We performed a blinded field study 75 healthy volunteers (mean age 26 years), who were exposed at home, random order, one control pattern (no noise) two different scenarios [30 or 60 aircraft events per night average maximum sound...
Traffic noise disturbs sleep and may impair recuperation. There is limited information on single combined effects of air, road, rail traffic recuperation.Repeated measures.Polysomnographic laboratory study.72 healthy subjects, mean ± standard deviation 40 13 years, range 18-71 32 male.Exposure to 40, 80, or 120 rail, and/or air events.Subjects were investigated for 11 consecutive nights, which included 8 exposure nights one noise-free control night. Noise structure continuity subtle, even in...
This article describes an experiment that was designed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on physiological stress responses in healthy adults.Twenty-six participants, ages 22-49, completed a 3-night laboratory with randomization one night sleep-deprivation or normal-sleep control condition. After baseline sleep, 12 participants were deprived and 14 not. manipulation, each participant Trier Social Stress Test, task requires delivering speech performing difficult arithmetic front...
Accurately collected 24-hour urine collections are presumed to be valid for estimating salt intake in individuals. We performed 2 independent ultralong-term balance studies lasting 105 (4 men) and 205 (6 days 10 men simulating a flight Mars. controlled dietary of all constituents months at intakes 12, 9, 6 g/d urine. The subjects’ daily menus consisted 27 279 individual servings, which 83.0% were completely consumed, 16.5% rejected, 0.5% incompletely consumed. Urinary recovery was 92%...
Epidemiological studies have found that transportation noise increases the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with solid evidence ischemic heart disease, failure, stroke. According to World Health Organization, at least 1.6 million healthy life years are lost annually from traffic-related in Western Europe. Traffic night causes fragmentation shortening of sleep, elevation stress hormone levels, increased oxidative vasculature brain. These factors can promote vascular...
Human spaceflight has historically been managed by government agencies, such as in the NASA Twins Study
General anesthesia-a pharmacologically induced reversible state of unconsciousness-enables millions life-saving procedures. Anesthetics induce unconsciousness in part by impinging upon sexually dimorphic and hormonally sensitive hypothalamic circuits regulating sleep wakefulness. Thus, we hypothesized that anesthetic sensitivity should be sex-dependent modulated sex hormones. Using distinct behavioral measures, show at identical brain concentrations, female mice are more resistant to...
Behavioral health risks are among the most serious and difficult to mitigate of confinement in space craft during long-duration exploration missions. We report on behavioral psychological reactions a multinational crew 6 healthy males confined 550 m(3) chamber for 520 days first Earth-based, high-fidelity simulated mission Mars. Rest-activity crewmembers was objectively measured throughout with wrist-worn actigraphs. Once weekly completed Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Profile Moods...
The success of interplanetary human spaceflight will depend on many factors, including the behavioral activity levels, sleep, and circadian timing crews exposed to prolonged microgravity confinement. To address effects latter, we used a high-fidelity ground simulation Mars mission objectively track sleep–wake dynamics in multinational crew six during 520 d confined isolation. Measurements included continuous recordings wrist actigraphy light exposure (4.396 million min) weekly computer-based...
Concern persists that inflexible duty-hour rules in medical residency programs may adversely affect the training of physicians.We randomly assigned 63 internal medicine United States to be governed by standard policies 2011 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) or more flexible did not specify limits on shift length mandatory time off between shifts. Measures educational experience included observations activities interns (first-year residents), surveys trainees (both...