Although a variety of protocols to isolate high-molecular-weight genomic DNA exist, the isolation and preservation ultra-high-molecular-weight sufficient quality length for error-free third-generation sequencing remains challenging. Inspired by in agarose plugs suitable be separated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, we report construction an incubation chamber isolation. The is flanked semi-permeable polycarbonate membranes variable pore size selective diffusion compounds components, which...

We describe natural variants of the heat stable toxin (STa) produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) isolates collected worldwide. Previous studies ETEC isolated from human diarrheal cases have reported existence three STa gene estA1, estA2 and estA3/4 where first variant encodes STp (porcine, bovine, origin) two latter ones encode STh (human origin). identified sequences BLASTn profiled ST amino acid polymorphisms in a collection 118 clinical children adults Asia, Africa and,...

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an emerging problem globally. Resistant are found human and animal microbiota, as well the environment. Wastewater receives from all these sources thus can provide a measurement of abundance diversity antibiotic-resistant circulating communities. In this study, water samples were collected wastewater pump station Norwegian suburban community over period 15 months. A total 45 daily cultured analyzed for presence Escherichia coli Eighty E. coli-like...

An increased abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments has been linked to environmental pollution. Mining polluted sites with high concentration metals could favor the situ coselection ARGs, whereas wastewater discharges release fecal resistant bacteria environment. To study effect human contamination and mining pollution, water sediment samples affected by activities sewage were collected from three lakes Bolivia, pristine Andean lake Pata Khota, Milluni Chico...

The prevalence of infection caused by different categories diarrhoeagenic E. coli (DEC) strains, including enteroaggregative (EAEC), enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enteroinvasive (EIEC) and enterohaemorrhagic (EHEC) , in children who suffered from diarrhoea ( n = 3943) or did not have 1026) were analysed two areas Bolivia over a period 4 years. We also the seasonality DEC infections severity with compared antibiotic resistance strains isolated without diarrhoea. Stool...

Abstract Pathogenic bacteria use specific host factors to modulate virulence and stress responses during infection. We found previously that the factor bile component glyco-conjugated cholate (NaGCH, sodium glycocholate) upregulate colonization CS5 in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). To further understand global regulatory effects of NaGCH, we performed Illumina RNA-Seq crude NaGCH altered expression 61 genes + CS6 ETEC isolates. The most striking finding was high induction operon (...

Multidrug-resistant microorganisms have become a major public health concern around the world. The gut microbiome is gold mine for bioactive compounds that protect human body from pathogens. We used multi-omics approach integrated whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of 74 commensal isolates with metabolome analysis to discover their metabolic interaction Salmonella and other antibiotic-resistant evaluated differences in functional potential these selected based on WGS annotation profiles....

Diarrheal disease pathogens often spread through water-borne routes. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major bacterial agent causing diarrheal in children, adults, and travelers endemic areas. In addition, ETEC responsible for outbreaks of water food-borne gasteroenteritis globally, isolates also show robust survival capacity various environmental settings, including aquatic environments. During the last decade, studies have indicated rapid increase multi-drug resistant...

Waterborne pathogenic enterobacteria are adapted for infection of human hosts but can also survive long periods in water environments. To understand how the pathogen enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) adapts to acute and long-term hypo-osmotic stress oligotrophic conditions, this study aimed explore effects short- freshwater exposure on ETEC isolates by examining transcriptional responses, survival mechanisms, antibiotic resistance development. RNA sequencing revealed that over 1,700...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. ETEC-mediated diarrhea orchestrated by heat-labile toxin (LT) heat-stable toxins (STp STh), acting concert with repertoire more than 25 colonization factors (CFs). LT, major virulence factor, induces fluid secretion after delivery monomeric ADP-ribosylase (LTA) its pentameric carrier B subunit (LTB). A study ETEC isolates from humans Brazil reported existence natural LT...

The bacterial pathogens enterotoxigenic

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging pathogen frequently associated with acute diarrhea in children and travelers to endemic regions. EAEC was found the most prevalent bacterial diarrheal from hospitalized Bolivian less than five years of age 2007 2010. Here, we further characterized epidemiology infection, virulence genes, antimicrobial susceptibility isolated 414 74 non-diarrheal cases. isolates were collected subjected a PCR-based gene screening seven genes phenotypic...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrhea in children and adults endemic areas. Gene regulation ETEC during growth

Watersheds contaminated with municipal, hospital, and agricultural residues are recognized as reservoirs for bacteria carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The objective of this study was to determine the potential environmental bacterial communities from highly La Paz River basin in Bolivia transfer ARGs an Escherichia coli lab strain used recipient. Additionally, we tested ZnSO4 CuSO4 at sub-inhibitory concentrations stressors analyzed frequencies (TFs), diversity, richness,...

The importance of clean water cannot be overstated. It is a vital resource for maintaining health and well-being. Unfortunately, sources contaminated with fecal discharges from animal human origin due to lack wastewater management pose significant risk communities, as they can become means transmission pathogenic bacteria like enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). ETEC frequently found in polluted countries high prevalence diarrheal diseases, such Bolivia. This study provides novel insights into...

The heat-labile toxin (LT) is one of the major virulence factors enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). We recently described that 20 polymorphic LT variants are present in ETEC strains isolated globally. Two variants, LT1 and LT2, particularly common we found they were associated with clonal lineages express colonization (CFs), CFA/I, CS1+CS3, CS2+CS3, CS5+CS6. expressing these CFs frequently among from cases diarrhea. CS2+CS3 2 discrete variant heat stable (STh). Although clearly...

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an emerging threat to global health. analysis enterobacteria in wastewater can indicate the and spread certain clonal groups multiresistant bacteria. In a previous study Escherichia coli that were isolated from pump station Norway over 15 months, we found recurring E. clone was resistant trimethoprim, ampicillin, tetracycline 201 3,123 analyzed isolates (6.1%). 11 representative subjected whole-genome sequencing belong MLST ST2797...

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections (UTIs), traditionally dominated by Gram-negative pathogens, are increasingly complicated antimicrobial-resistant Enterococcus spp. in hospital settings. This study screened urine samples from 210 ICU patients at Uppsala University Hospital (June 2020 - September 2021), identifying 39 unique PhenePlate™-RF types across E. faecium , faecalis and durans . isolates showed considerable genetic diversity, primarily within clonal complex 17 (CC17), known for its...

Abstract Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the leading causes infant diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Diarrheal pathogens are transmitted through environmental reservoirs; however, bacterial clones that spread across human-environment interphases remind unexplored. We aimed to determine relationship clonal dissemination ETEC between children with (> 5 years age) polluted water samples from local river La Paz, Bolivia. Our study used whole genome...

Two bacterial strains, SP1W3T and SP1S2-7T, were isolated from samples of water sediments collected in Vaxholm, a town located on the Stockholm archipelago Baltic Sea, November 2021. The strains identified as novel genomic species within genus Shewanella, based upon comparative analysis whole genome sequence data. Strain (genome size, 5.20 Mbp; G+C content, 46.0 mol%), water, was determined to be most closely related S. hafniensis ATCC-BAA 1207T baltica NCTC 10735T, with digital DNA-DNA...

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging pathogen frequently associated with acute diarrhea in children and travelers to endemic regions. EAEC was found the most prevalent bacterial diarrheal from hospitalized Bolivian less than five years of age 2007 2010. Here, we further characterized epidemiology infection, virulence genes, antimicrobial susceptibility isolated 414 74 non-diarrheal cases. isolates were collected subjected a PCR-based gene screening seven genes phenotypic...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing the colonization pili CFA/I are common causes of diarrhoeal infections in humans. Here, we use a combination transposon mutagenesis and transcriptomic analysis to identify genes pathways that contribute ETEC persistence water environments mammalian host. persisting exhibit distinct RNA expression profile from those growing richer media. Multiple were identified survival, including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis stress response regulons. The...

Abstract Water and sediment samples affected by mining activities were collected from three lakes in Bolivia, the pristine Andean lake Pata Khota, Milluni Chico directly impacted acid mine drainage, Uru-Uru located close to Oruro city highly polluted human wastewater discharges. Physicochemical parameters, including metal compositions, analyzed water samples. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), screened for, verified quantitative PCR together with mobile element class 1 integron ( intl1 ) as...