A5073492625- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Antibiotic Use and Resistance
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization
- COVID-19 and healthcare impacts
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Space Satellite Systems and Control
- Advanced Vision and Imaging
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Malaria Research and Control
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Machine Learning in Healthcare
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2016-2025
Johns Hopkins University
2016-2025
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2004-2024
Baptist Memorial Hospital
2024
WinnMed
2023
Infectious Diseases Institute
2022
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
2022
Regional Medical Center
2021
HCA Healthcare
2021
ICMR-National Institute of Virology
2020
Understanding humoral responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for improving diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. Deep serological profiling of 232 disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients 190 pre–COVID-19 era controls using VirScan revealed more than 800 epitopes in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome, including 10 likely recognized by neutralizing antibodies. Preexisting antibodies ORF1, whereas only COVID-19 patient primarily spike protein nucleoprotein. A...
<h3>Importance</h3> Pulse oximetry guides triage and therapy decisions for COVID-19. Whether reported racial inaccuracies in oxygen saturation measured by pulse are present patients with COVID-19 associated treatment is unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether there differential inaccuracy of race or ethnicity among estimate the association such time to recognition eligibility threshold–specific therapies. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This retrospective cohort study...
Risk factors for progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to severe or death are underexplored in U.S. cohorts.
Abstract Background The threat posed by antibiotic resistance is of increasing concern in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as their rates use increase. However, an understanding the burden lacking LMICs, particularly for multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Methods We conducted a retrospective, 10-hospital study relationship between MDR pathogens mortality India. Patient-level antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,...
<h3>Importance</h3> Clinical effectiveness data on remdesivir are urgently needed, especially among diverse populations and in combination with other therapies. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine whether administered or without corticosteroids for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated more rapid clinical improvement a racially/ethnically population. <h3>Design, Setting, Participants</h3> This retrospective comparative research study was conducted from March 4 to August...
Serial screening is critical for restricting spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by facilitating timely identification infected individuals to interrupt transmission. Variation in sensitivity different diagnostic tests at stages infection has not been well documented.In a longitudinal study 43 adults newly with SARS-CoV-2, all provided daily saliva and nasal swabs quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Quidel SARS Sofia...
Abstract: Nonenzymatic deamidation rates for 52 glutaminyl and asparaginyl pentapeptides in pH 7.4, 37.0 °C. 0.15 m Tris‐HCl buffer have been determined by direct injection mass spectrometry. These the previously reported 306 asparginyl combined a self‐consistent model peptide deamidation. This depends quantitatively upon structure involves succinimide, glutarimide hydrolysis mechanisms. The experimental values suitable interpolated to provide rate entire set of 648 single‐amide permutations...
SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) antibody therapies, including COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP), monoclonal antibodies, and hyperimmune globulin, are among the leading treatments for individuals with early infection. The functionality of varies greatly, but association epitope specificities remains uncharacterized. We assessed reactivities to peptides across CoV2 4 endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) genomes in 126 CCP donations. found strong correlation between polyclonal targeting spike protein peptides....
Abstract Background The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated transmit virus. Methods We examined viral dynamics infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling 23 adults infected SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully...
Abstract Background Males experience increased severity of illness and mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) compared with females, but the mechanisms male susceptibility are unclear. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort analysis SARS-CoV-2 testing admission data at 5 hospitals in Maryland/Washington DC area. Using age-stratified logistic regression models, we quantified impact sex on risk composite outcome disease or death (World Health...
There is an urgent need to understand the real-world effectiveness of remdesivir in treatment severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).This was a retrospective comparative study. Individuals hospitalized large private healthcare network United States from 23 February 2020 through 11 2021 with positive test for SARS-CoV-2 and ICD-10 diagnosis codes consistent symptomatic disease 2019 (COVID-19) were included. Remdesivir recipients matched controls using time-dependent...
It is important to document the performance of rapid antigen tests (Ag-RDTs) in detecting SARS-CoV-2 variants.To compare Ag-RDTs Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) variants SARS-CoV-2.Secondary analysis a prospective cohort study that enrolled participants between 18 October 2021 24 January 2022. Participants did collected samples for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing every 48 hours 15 days.The parent throughout mainland United States through digital...
The performance of rapid antigen tests (Ag-RDTs) for screening asymptomatic and symptomatic persons SARS-CoV-2 is not well established.To evaluate the Ag-RDTs detection among participants.This prospective cohort study enrolled participants between October 2021 January 2022. Participants completed reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing every 48 hours 15 days.Participants were digitally throughout mainland United States. They self-collected anterior nasal swabs RT-PCR...
Abstract During Martian solar days 57–100, the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover acquired and processed a solid (sediment) sample analyzed its mineralogy geochemistry with Chemistry Mineralogy Sample Analysis at instruments. An aeolian deposit—herein referred to as Rocknest sand shadow—was inferred represent global average soil composition selected for study facilitate integration of analytical results observations from earlier missions. first‐time activities, Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI)...
Predicting the clinical trajectory of individual patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is challenging but necessary to inform care. The majority COVID-19 prognostic tools use only data present upon admission and do not incorporate changes occurring after admission.
Prior observation has shown differences in COVID-19 hospitalization risk between SARS-CoV-2 variants, but limited information describes outcomes.Inpatients with at 5 hospitals the eastern United States were included if they had hypoxia, tachypnea, tachycardia, or fever, and variant data, determined from whole-genome sequencing local surveillance inference. Analyses stratified by history of vaccination infection. The average effect on 28-day severe disease, defined advanced respiratory...
Despite poor primary health care systems, free antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been available in China for >5 years. Virologic outcomes Chinese patients receiving ART have not described on a national level.
Several inflammatory cytokines are upregulated in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We compared COVID-19 versus influenza to define differentiating features of the response these pathogens and their association with disease. Because elevated body mass index (BMI) is a known risk factor for COVID-19, we examined relationship BMI associated
ABSTRACT The global effort to vaccinate people against SARS-CoV-2 in the midst of an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about nature vaccine breakthrough infections and potential for vaccinated individuals transmit virus. These have become even more urgent as new variants concern with enhanced transmissibility, such Delta, continue emerge. To shed light on how compare immunologically naive individuals, we examined viral dynamics infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal...
ABSTRACT The dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 replication and shedding in humans remain poorly understood. We captured the infectious virus viral RNA during acute infection through daily longitudinal sampling 60 individuals for up to 14 days. By fitting mechanistic models, we directly estimate reproduction clearance rates, overall infectiousness each individual. Significant person-to-person variation suggests that individual-level heterogeneity contributes superspreading. Viral genome load often...
Severe COVID-19 is characterized by a prothrombotic state associated with thrombocytopenia, microvascular thrombosis being almost invariably present in the lung and other organs at postmortem examination. We evaluated presence of antibodies to platelet factor 4 (PF4)-polyanion complexes using clinically validated immunoassay 100 hospitalized patients moderate or severe disease (World Health Organization score, 10), 25 acute visiting emergency department, 65 convalescent individuals. Anti-PF4...
The primary purpose of the Mars 2007 Phoenix Lander Robotic Arm (RA) and associated Icy Soil Acquisition Device (ISAD) is to acquire samples Martian dry icy soil (DIS) by digging, scraping, rasping, delivering them Thermal Evolved Gas Analyzer Microscopy, Electrochemistry, Conductivity Analyzer. RA will also position (1) Electrical Probe (TECP) in DIS; (2) TECP at various heights above surface for relative humidity measurements, (3) Camera take images surface, trench, DIS within ISAD scoop,...
Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to newborns in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Methods We performed prospective cohort study 3 tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) Pune, India, describe the epidemiology of bloodstream infections (BSIs). All neonates admitted NICU were enrolled. The primary outcome was BSI, defined as positive blood culture. Early-onset BSI on day life (DOL) 0–2 late-onset DOL or later. Results From 1 May 2017 until 30...