Alejandro P. Comellas
A5077939584- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Tracheal and airway disorders
University of Iowa
2016-2025
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
2014-2024
Pulmonary and Critical Care Associates
2017-2024
Louisiana Public Health Institute
2024
Cornell University
2024
University of Washington
2024
National Institutes of Health
2024
Weill Cornell Medicine
2024
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
2024
University of Pennsylvania
2024
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Present-day diagnostic criteria are largely based solely on spirometric criteria. Accumulating evidence has identified substantial number individuals without COPD who suffer from respiratory symptoms and/or increased There is clear need for an expanded definition that linked to physiologic, structural (computed tomography [CT]) clinical disease. Using data the Genetic Epidemiology study (COPDGene
Autosomal recessive diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), require inheritance of 2 mutated genes. However, some studies indicate that CF carriers are at increased risk for conditions associated with CF. These investigations focused on single and included small numbers subjects. Our goal was to determine whether a range CF-related conditions. Using the Truven Health MarketScan Commercial Claims database (2001-2017), we performed population-based retrospective matched-cohort study. We...
Background The long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pulmonary structure and function remain incompletely characterized. Purpose To test whether leads to small airways disease in patients with persistent symptoms. Materials Methods In this single-center study at a university teaching hospital, adults confirmed COVID-19 who remained symptomatic more than 30 days following diagnosis were prospectively enrolled from June December 2020 compared healthy participants (controls) March August...
Quantifying functional small airways disease (fSAD) requires additional expiratory computed tomography (CT) scan, limiting clinical applicability. Artificial intelligence (AI) could enable fSAD quantification from chest CT scan at total lung capacity (TLC) alone (fSADTLC). To evaluate an AI model for estimating fSADTLC, compare it with dual-volume parametric response mapping (fSADPRM), and assess its associations repeatability in chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD). We analyzed 2513...
Novel proteomics platforms, such as the aptamer-based SOMAscan platform, can quantify large numbers of proteins efficiently and cost-effectively are rapidly growing in popularity. However, comparisons to conventional immunoassays remain underexplored, leaving investigators unsure when cross-assay appropriate. The correlation results from with relative protein quantification is explored by SOMAscan. For 63 assessed two chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cohorts, subpopulations...
Given the increased use of iron-containing nanoparticles in a number applications, it is important to understand any effects that can have on environment and human health. Since iron concentrations are extremely low body fluids, there potential may influence ability bacteria scavenge for growth, affect virulence inhibit antimicrobial peptide (AMP) function. In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01) AMPs were exposed oxide nanoparticles, hematite (α-Fe2O3), different sizes ranging from 2...
Rationale: The relative roles of mucus plugs and emphysema in mechanisms airflow limitation hypoxemia smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are uncertain.Objectives: To relate image-based measures to obstruction oxygenation patients COPD.Methods: We analyzed computed tomographic (CT) lung images function participants the Subpopulations Intermediate Outcome Measures COPD Study. Radiologists scored on CT images, imaging software automatically quantified percentage....
Chronic bronchitis (CB) has been related to poor outcomes in Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). From a clinical standpoint, we have shown that subjects with CB group moderate severe airflow obstruction were younger, more likely be current smokers, male, Caucasian, had worse health quality of life, dyspnea, and increased exacerbation history compared those without CB. We sought further refine our characterization chronic bronchitics larger cohort analyze the CT correlates COPD subjects....
Blood biomarkers are increasingly used to stratify high risk chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients; however, there fewer studies that have investigated multiple and replicated in large well-characterized cohorts of susceptible current former smokers. We two MSD multiplex panels measure 9 cytokines chemokines 2123 subjects from COPDGene 1117 SPIROMICS. These included: interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, eotaxin/CCL-11,...
BACKGROUND. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous smoking-related characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation. This inflammation may persist even after smoking cessation responds variably to corticosteroids. Personalizing treatment biologically similar "molecular phenotypes" improve therapeutic efficacy in COPD. IL-17A involved neutrophilic corticosteroid resistance, thus be particularly important COPD molecular phenotype.
African American individuals have worse outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Many persons with a history of smoking tobacco have clinically significant respiratory symptoms despite an absence airflow obstruction as assessed by spirometry. They are often treated medications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but supporting evidence this treatment is lacking.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is variable in its development. Lung microbiota and metabolites collectively may impact COPD pathophysiology, but relationships to clinical outcomes milder are unclear.
Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) is a poorly understood condition with significant impact on quality life. We aimed to better understand the lived experiences patients PASC, focusing cognitive complaints (“brain fog”) and fatigue (1) daily activities, (2) work/employment, (3) interpersonal relationships. conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews 15 Midwestern academic hospital’s post-COVID-19 clinic. audio-recorded, transcribed, analyzed thematically using combined...
The airway microbiome has the potential to shape chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis, but its relationship outcomes in milder is unestablished.
The impact of respiratory exacerbation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is well established. effects exacerbations in people with cigarette smoking but normal spirometry are unknown. To assess the association lung function decline and mortality current or former history. We analyzed data from COPDGene participants ≥10 pack-years at enrollment (Visit 1) defined as post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥lower limit (LLN) FEV1...
Individuals at risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but without spirometric airflow obstruction can have respiratory symptoms and structural lung on chest computed tomography. Current guidelines recommend COPD diagnostic schemas that do not incorporate imaging abnormalities. To determine whether a multidimensional schema includes tomographic abnormalities identifies additional individuals with disease. This cohort study included 2 longitudinal cohorts: the Genetic...
Summary objective Serum cortisol levels rise in response to the stress of critical illness but optimal range serum such settings is not clearly defined. The objectives this study were determine a group medical intensive care unit patients with severe sepsis/septic shock using uniform criteria, and correlate mortality. design In prospective observational fashion, 100 at Northwestern Memorial Hospital Chicago enrolled within 48 h developing as defined by American College Chest...
We set out to determine whether cellular hypoxia, via mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, promotes Na,K-ATPase degradation the ubiquitin-conjugating system. Cells exposed 1.5% O 2 had a decrease in activity and consumption. The total cell pool of α1 protein decreased on exposure for 30 hours, whereas plasma membrane was 50% degraded after hours which prevented by lysosome proteasome inhibitors. When Chinese hamster ovary cells that exhibit temperature-sensitive defect E1 ubiquitin...
Rationale: Previous studies on chronic bronchitis (CB) have used varying definitions.Objectives: We sought to compare an alternative CB definition, using the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), a commonly assessment tool, with classic definition and investigate if it had independent or additive value.Methods: analyzed data from 4,513 subjects Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease groups 1 4 in COPDGene cohort. compared of SGRQ defined by their answers questions...