A5034641037- Malaria Research and Control
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Phytochemical compounds biological activities
- Traditional and Medicinal Uses of Annonaceae
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Computational Drug Discovery Methods
- Travel-related health issues
- Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Phytochemistry and Bioactivity Studies
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Plant chemical constituents analysis
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Trypanosoma species research and implications
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Cocoa and Sweet Potato Agronomy
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Synthesis of Organic Compounds
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
2016-2025
Mali-Folkecenter
2025
University of Toliara
2018-2024
Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny
2023
University of Antananarivo
1999-2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2022
Ethiopian Public Health Institute
2022
Kenya Medical Research Institute
2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2022
National Application Center for Pharmaceutical Research
2022
Recent gains in reducing the global burden of malaria are threatened by emergence Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinins. The discovery that mutations portions a P. gene encoding kelch (K13)–propeller domains major determinant has provided opportunities for monitoring such on scale.
Mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum K13-propeller domain have recently been shown to be important determinants of artemisinin resistance Southeast Asia. This study investigated prevalence polymorphisms across sub-Saharan Africa. A total 1212 P. samples collected from 12 countries were sequenced. None mutations previously reported Asia found, but 22 unique detected, which 7 nonsynonymous. Allele frequencies ranged between 1% and 3%. Three observed >1 country, A578S was present parasites 5...
We investigated two mitochondrial genes ( cytb and cox1 ), one plastid gene tufA nuclear ldh ) in blood samples from 12 chimpanzees gorillas Cameroon lemur Madagascar. One gorilla sample is related to Plasmodium falciparum , thus confirming the recently reported presence of this parasite. The second more similar defined gaboni than P. falciparum–Plasmodium reichenowi clade, but distinct both. Two chimpanzee are . A third others other different those ape clade: ovale malariae That is, we have...
Ebb and flow of parasite populations The population genetics the malaria Plasmodium falciparum across Africa is poorly understood but important to know for grasping risks dynamics spread drug resistance. Harnessing power genomics, Amambua-Ngwa et al. Diversity Network found substantial structure within that consistent with human vector divergence (see Perspective by Sibley). Specific signatures selection antimalarial drugs were detected, along indications effect colonization slavery....
Reliable measures of disease burden over time are necessary to evaluate the impact interventions and assess sub-national trends in distribution infection. Three Malaria Indicator Surveys (MISs) have been conducted Madagascar since 2011. They provide a valuable resource changes that is complementary country's routine case reporting system. A Bayesian geostatistical spatio-temporal model was developed an integrated nested Laplace approximation framework map prevalence Plasmodium falciparum...
<ns3:p>This report describes the MalariaGEN Pv4 dataset, a new release of curated genome variation data on 1,895 samples <ns3:italic>Plasmodium vivax</ns3:italic> collected at 88 worldwide locations between 2001 and 2017. It includes 1,370 contributed by VivaxGEN partner studies in addition to previously published from these other sources. We provide genotype calls over 4.5 million variable positions including 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well short indels tandem...
Histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2)-based rapid diagnostic tests detect Plasmodium falciparum malaria and are used throughout sub-Saharan Africa. However, deletions in the pfhrp2 related pfhrp3 (pfhrp2/3) genes threaten use of these tests. Therapeutic efficacy studies (TESs) enroll persons with symptomatic P. infection. We screened TES samples collected during 2016-2018 Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Madagascar for HRP2/3, pan-Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase, aldolase antigen levels selected low...
The use of artemisinin derivative-based combination therapy (ACT) such as artesunate plus amodiaquine is currently recommended for the treatment uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Fixed-dose combinations are more adapted to patients than regimens involving multiple tablets and improve compliance. A fixed-dose + (ASAQ) was recently developed. To assess efficacy safety this new define its optimum dosage regimen (once or twice daily) in P. malaria, a multicentre clinical study...
Artesunate and amodiaquine (AS&AQ) is at present the world's second most widely used artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). It was necessary to evaluate efficacy of ACT, recently adopted by World Health Organization (WHO) deployed over 80 countries, in order make an evidence-based drug policy. An individual patient data (IPD) analysis conducted on outcomes 26 clinical studies sub-Saharan Africa using WHO protocol with similar primary secondary endpoints. A total 11,700 patients (75%...
The African continent continues to bear the greatest burden of malaria and diversity parasites, mosquito vectors, human victims. evolutionary plasticity parasites their vectors is a major obstacle eliminating disease. Of current concern recently reported emergence resistance front-line drug, artemisinin, in South-East Asia Plasmodium falciparum, which calls for preemptive surveillance parasite population genetic markers emerging drug resistance. Here we describe Diversity Network Africa...
Malaria is known as tazo or tazomoka in local terminology Madagascar. Within the context of traditional practice, malaria (and/or symptoms) commonly treated by decoctions infusions from bitter plants. One possible approach to identification new antimalarial drug candidates search for compounds that cure prevent plants empirically used treat malaria. Thus, it worth documenting ethnobotanical data, and testing antiplasmodial activity extractive plants.We interviewed healers, locally ombiasy,...
Because of its dramatic public health impact, Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine (CQ) has been documented early on. Chloroquine-resistance (CQR) emerged in the late 1950's independently South East Asia and America progressively spread over all malaria areas. CQR was reported Africa 1970's, since invaded African continent. Many questions remain about actual selection spreading process parasites, evolution ancestral mutant gene(s) during spreading. Eleven clinical isolates P. from...
There have been reported cases of host-switching in avian and lizard species Plasmodium (Apicomplexa, Haemosporidia), as well those infecting different primate species. However, no evidence has previously found for host-swapping between wild birds mammals.This paper presents the results sampling blood parasites wild-captured bats from Madagascar Cambodia. The presence Haemosporidia infection these animals is confirmed cytochrome b gene sequences were used to construct a phylogenetic...
Plasmodium vivax, the second most prevalent of human malaria parasites, is estimated to affect 75 million people annually. It very rare, however, in west and central Africa, due high prevalence Duffy negative phenotype population. Due its rarity previous studies on phylogeny world-wide P. vivax have suffered from insufficient samples African parasites. Here we compare mitochondrial sequence diversity parasites Africa with those other areas world, order investigate origin present-day vivax....
The Spathelia-Ptaeroxylon clade is a group of morphologically diverse plants that have been classified together as result molecular phylogenetic studies. currently included in Rutaceae and recognized at subfamilial level (Spathelioideae) despite the fact most its genera traditionally associated with other families there are no obvious morphological synapomorphies for clade. aim present study to construct trees investigate anatomical characters order decide whether it should be kept or...
The use of a malaria early warning system (MEWS) to trigger prompt public health interventions is key step in adding value the epidemiological data routinely collected by sentinel surveillance systems.This study describes using various epidemic thresholds and forecasting component with support new technologies improve performance MEWS. Malaria-related from 21 sites Short Message Service are automatically analysed detect trends outbreak alerts automated feedback reports.Roll Back Malaria...
A World Antimalarial Resistance Network (WARN) database has the potential to improve treatment of malaria, through informing current drug selection and use providing a prompt warning when policies need changing. This manuscript outlines contribution structure clinical pharmacology component this database. The determinants response are multi-factorial, but clearly adequate blood concentrations is pivotal curing malaria. ability available antimalarial pharmacokinetic data inform optimal dosing...
In the last decade, an important scale-up was observed in malaria control interventions. Madagascar entered process for pre-elimination 2007. Policy making needs operational indicators, but also indicators about effectiveness and impact of interventions (MCI). This study is aimed at providing data infection, morbidity, mortality, MCI Madagascar. Two nationwide surveys were simultaneously conducted 2012–2013 Madagascar: a non-complicated clinical cases 31 sentinel health facilities,...
Background Although its incidence has been decreasing during the last decade, malaria is still a major public health issue in Madagascar. The use of Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) remains key control intervention strategy Madagascar, however, it encounters some obstacles. present study aimed to explore local terminology related malaria, information channels about attitude towards bed nets, and care seeking practices case fever. This article presents novel qualitative findings malaria....
Crude alkaloids of Strychnos myrtoides Gilg & Busse, empirically used as an adjuvant to chloroquine (CQ) in Malagasy herbal remedies, were practically devoid intrinsic vitro and vivo anti-malarial activity. However, when combined with CQ at a dose level much lower than their IC50 value, they markedly enhanced the effectiveness synthetic drug against CQ-resistant strain Plasmodium falciparum. They also activity resistant yoelii. By counter-current distribution (CCD) separation crude alkaloid...