A5042464592- Burkholderia infections and melioidosis
- Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Moringa oleifera research and applications
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Amoebic Infections and Treatments
- Subcritical and Supercritical Water Processes
- Infections and bacterial resistance
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Complement system in diseases
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
2016-2025
Mahidol University
2016-2025
University of Oxford
2006-2021
Sappasithiprasong Hospital
2014-2021
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
2020
Bangkok University
2017-2019
University of Washington
2017
University of South Alabama
2015
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2014
Churchill Hospital
2006-2014
Current methods for differentiating isolates of predominant lineages pathogenic bacteria often do not provide sufficient resolution to define precise relationships. Here, we describe a high-throughput genomics approach that provides high-resolution view the epidemiology and microevolution dominant strain methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This reveals global geographic structure within lineage, its intercontinental transmission through four decades, potential trace...
Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, a frequently occurring disease in northeastern Thailand, where soil and water high salt content are common. Using microarray analysis, we previously showed that B. up-regulated short-chain dehydrogenase/oxidoreductase (SDO) under stress. However, importance SDO infection unknown. This study aimed to explore function SDO, investigate its role interactions between host cells. Bioinformatics analysis structure, based on homology...
The Burkholderia pseudomallei K96243 genome encodes six type VI secretion systems (T6SSs), but little is known about the role of these in biology B. pseudomallei. In this study, we purified recombinant Hcp proteins from each T6SS and tested them as vaccine candidates BALB/c mouse model melioidosis. Recombinant Hcp2 protected 80% mice against a lethal challenge with K96243, while Hcp1, Hcp3, Hcp6 50% challenge. was only constitutively produced by vitro; however, it not exported to...
Background Culture remains the diagnostic gold standard for many bacterial infections, and method against which other tests are often evaluated. Specificity of culture is 100% if pathogenic organism not found in healthy subjects, but sensitivity more difficult to determine may be low. Here, we apply Bayesian latent class models (LCMs) data from patients with a single Gram-negative infection define true together impact misclassification by on reported accuracy alternative tests....
The available Leptospira multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme supported by a MLST website is limited to L. interrogans and kirschneri. Our aim was broaden the utility of this incorporate total seven pathogenic species.We modified existing replacing one loci (fadD changed caiB), as former gene did not appear be present in some species. Comparison original schemes using data for kirschneri demonstrated that discriminatory power two significantly different. used further characterize 325...
Southeast Asia, a vibrant region that has recently undergone unprecedented economic development, is regarded as global hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Understanding AMR in Asia crucial assessing how to control on an international scale. Here we (i) describe current situation (ii) explore mechanisms make focal AMR, (iii) propose ways which could contribute solution.
Understanding the way in which immune system responds to infection is central development of vaccines and many diagnostics. To provide insight into this area, we fabricated a protein microarray containing 1,205 Burkholderia pseudomallei proteins, probed it with 88 melioidosis patient sera, identified 170 reactive antigens. This subset antigens was printed on smaller array collection 747 individual sera derived from 10 groups including patients Northeast Thailand Singapore, different...
Melioidosis is a severe disease that can be difficult to diagnose because of its diverse clinical manifestations and lack adequate diagnostic capabilities for suspected cases. There broad interest in improving detection diagnosis this not only melioidosis-endemic regions but also outside these melioidosis may underreported poses potential bioterrorism challenge public health authorities. Therefore, workshop academic, government, private sector personnel from around the world was convened...
Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential in host defense against pathogens by virtue of their capacity to detect microbes and initiate the immune response. TLR2 is seen as most important receptor for gram-positive bacteria, while TLR4 regarded gram-negative TLR. Melioidosis a severe infection caused bacterium, Burkholderia pseudomallei, that endemic Southeast Asia. We aimed characterize expression function TLRs septic melioidosis. Methods Findings Patient studies: 34 patients with...
Melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei, is difficult to cure. Antimicrobial treatment comprises intravenous drugs for at least 10 days, followed oral 12 weeks. The standard regimen based on trial evidence trimethoprim-sulfamethoxaxole (TMP-SMX) plus doxycycline. This used in Thailand but associated with side-effects and poor adherence patients, TMP-SMX alone recommended Australia. We compared efficacy of doxycycline phase melioidosis...
Burkholderia pseudomallei is a soil-dwelling bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis. Isolation B. from clinical samples “gold standard” for diagnosis melioidosis; results can take 3–7 days to produce. Alternatively, antibody-based tests have low specificity due high percentage seropositive individuals in endemic areas. There clear need develop rapid point-of-care antigen detection assay Previously, we employed In vivo Microbial Antigen Discovery (InMAD) identify potential...
Tackling multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli requires evidence from One Health studies that capture numerous potential reservoirs in circumscribed geographic areas. We conducted a survey of extended β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. isolated patients, canals and livestock wastewater eastern Thailand between 2014 2015, analyzed isolates using whole genome sequencing. The bacterial collection 149 consisted 84 single hospital 65 the sewer, farm within 20 km radius. ST131 predominated clinical...
The elevated levels of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL6) are supposed to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Frequent high glycemic load (GL) consumption, central obesity, a lack physical activity considered T2DM risk factors. This study aimed determine the difference these markers as well GL in individuals versus those without rural Thais.A total 296 participants aged 35-66 living Sung Noen...
Staphylococcus argenteus is a globally distributed cause of human infection, but diagnostic laboratories misidentify this as aureus. We determined whether there clinical utility in distinguishing between the two. A prospective cohort study community-onset invasive staphylococcal sepsis was conducted adults at four hospitals northeast Thailand 2010 and 2013. Of 311 patients analysed, 58 (19%) were infected with S. 253 (81%) Most (54/58) multilocus sequence type 2250. Infection more common...
A recent modelling study estimated that there are 2800 deaths due to melioidosis in Thailand yearly. The Melioidosis Network (formed 2012) has been working closely with the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) investigate and reduce burden this disease. Based on updated data, incidence is still high Northeast Thailand. More than 2000 culture-confirmed cases diagnosed general hospitals microbiology laboratories region each year. mortality rate around 35%. endemic throughout Thailand, but it not...
Melioidosis is a neglected tropical infection caused by the environmental saprophyte Burkholderia pseudomallei.We conducted prospective, observational study at nine hospitals in northeastern Thailand, hyperendemic melioidosis zone, to define current characteristics of patients and quantify outcomes over one year.2574 individuals hospitalised with culture-confirmed were screened 1352 analysed. The median age was 55 years, 975 (72%) male, 951 (70%) had diabetes. 565 (42%) presented lung...
Abstract Melioidosis is an often-fatal neglected tropical disease caused by environmental bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei . However, our understanding of the disease-causing bacterial lineages, their dissemination, and adaptive mechanisms remains limited. To address this, we conduct a comprehensive genomic analysis 1,391 B. isolates collected from nine hospitals in northeast Thailand between 2015 2018, contemporaneous neighbouring countries, representing most densely sampled collection...
ABSTRACT Melioidosis is a notoriously protracted illness and difficult to cure. We hypothesize that the causative organism, Burkholderia pseudomallei , undergoes process of adaptation involving altered expression surface determinants which facilitates persistence in vivo this reflected by changes colony morphology. A morphotyping scheme typing algorithm were developed using clinical B. isolates. Morphotypes divided into seven types (denoted I VII). Type gave rise other morphotypes (most...
Known mechanisms of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics include β-lactamase expression, altered drug target, decreased bacterial permeability, and increased efflux. Here, we describe a unique mechanism in the biothreat organism Burkholderia pseudomallei (the cause melioidosis), associated with treatment failure during prolonged ceftazidime therapy natural infection. Detailed comparisons initial ceftazidime-susceptible infecting isolate subsequent ceftazidime-resistant variants from six...
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the most important virulence and antigenic components Burkholderia pseudomallei, causative agent melioidosis. LPS diversity in B. pseudomallei has been described as typical, atypical or rough, based upon banding patterns on SDS-PAGE. Here, we studied genetic molecular basis these phenotypic differences. Bioinformatics was used to determine genes known predicted be involved biosynthesis O-antigenic moiety its near-relative species. Multiplex-PCR assays were...
A 21-year survey conducted in northeast Thailand of antimicrobial resistance to parenteral drugs used treat melioidosis identified 24/4,021 (0.6%) patients with one or more isolates resistant ceftazidime (n = 8), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 4), both 12). Two cases were at admission, and the remainder detected a median 15 days after starting therapy. Resistance carbapenem was not detected. These findings support current prescribing recommendations for melioidosis.
Burkholderia pseudomallei was examined after being maintained in distilled water at 25°C for 16 years. The Gram stain atypical (pale pink cocci or coccobacilli). estimated number of live and dead B. 3.8×10(7) cells/ml 1.4×10(5) cells/ml, respectively. A colony count on agar 1.0×10(6) cfu/ml suggested that a proportion cells were viable but non-culturable state. Colony morphology different from the parental isolate 84% colonies. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis AvrII DNA restriction...
Background Melioidosis is an increasingly recognised cause of sepsis and death across South East Asia Northern Australia, caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Risk factors include diabetes, alcoholism renal disease, a vaccine targeting at-risk populations urgently required. A better understanding protective immune response in naturally infected patients essential for design. Methods We conducted longitudinal clinical immunological study 200 with melioidosis on admission, 12...
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative bacterial species capable of occupying broad range environmental and clinical habitats. Known as an opportunistic pathogen, it has recently become major causative agent infections worldwide. Despite growing knowledge about the highly diverse population K. pneumoniae, evolution significance well relationship between are poorly defined. We isolated sequenced from in-patients in single hospital Thailand, sewage, surrounding canals farms within 20-km...