Meeru Gurung
A5071927780- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Hernia repair and management
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Hip and Femur Fractures
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare
- Hematological disorders and diagnostics
Patan Academy of Health Sciences
2014-2024
National Institute for Health Research
2019-2024
University of Birmingham
2024
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
2023
Imperial College London
2023
Patan Hospital
2019-2021
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2019
Nepal Family Development Foundation
2019
Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy
2014
Boston University
2014
Salmonella Typhi is a major cause of fever in children low- and middle-income countries. A typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) that was recently prequalified by the World Health Organization shown to be efficacious human challenge model, but data from efficacy trials areas where endemic are lacking.
Background Children are substantially affected by enteric fever in most settings with a high burden of the disease, including Nepal. However pathogen population structure and transmission dynamics poorly delineated young children, proposed target group for immunization programs. Here we present whole genome sequencing antimicrobial susceptibility data on 198 S. Typhi 66 Paratyphi A isolated from children aged 2 months to 15 years age during blood culture surveillance at Patan Hospital,...
Invasive pneumococcal disease is one of the major causes death in young children resource poor countries. Nasopharyngeal carriage studies provide insight into local prevalence circulating serotypes. There are very few data on concurrent multiple This study aimed to identify and serotype distribution pneumococci carried nasopharynx healthy Nepalese prior introduction a conjugate vaccine using microarray-based molecular serotyping method capable detecting multi-serotype carriage. We conducted...
Previously, the Vi-typhoid conjugate vaccine (Vi-TT) was found to be highly efficacious in Nepalese children under 16 years of age. We assessed immunogenicity Vi-TT at 9 and 12 months age response a booster dose 15
In Nepal, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a common cause of bacterial pneumonia in children, and major health concern. There are few data on the effect vaccination disease or colonisation with pneumococci nasopharynx children this setting. The 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced into routine infant immunisation schedule Nepal 2015. We aimed to investigate introduction PCV10 carriage Nepal.We did an observational cohort study Nepal. hospital surveillance...
Abstract Background Optimization of antimicrobial stewardship is key to tackling resistance, which exacerbated by overprescription antibiotics in pediatric emergency departments (EDs). We described patterns empiric antibiotic use European EDs and characterized appropriateness consistency prescribing. Methods Between August 2016 December 2019, febrile children attending 9 countries with suspected infection were recruited into the PERFORM (Personalised Risk Assessment Febrile Illness Optimise...
BackgroundPneumococcal disease is a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia and invasive among children globally. The reason some strains pneumococci are more likely to disease, how interventions such as vaccines antibiotics affect pneumococcal poorly understood. We aimed identify genetic regions under selective pressure those associated with through the analysis whole-genome sequences.MethodsWhole-genome sequencing was performed on isolates collected between January, 2005, May, 2018, in...
Carriage studies are an efficient means for assessing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine effect in settings where disease surveillance programmes not well established. In this study the of 10-valent (PCV10) introduction on carriage and density among Nepalese children using a bacterial microarray qPCR was examined. PCV10 introduced into infant immunisation schedule August 2015. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from healthy Kathmandu between April 2014 December 2021. Samples plated blood agar,...
Invasive bacterial disease (IBD; including pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children low-income countries.We analyzed data from surveillance study suspected community-acquired IBD <15 years age Kathmandu, Nepal, 2005 to 2013 before introduction pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). We detailed the serotype-specific distribution invasive (IPD) incorporated antigen PCR testing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with meningitis.Enhanced was undertaken during...
Abstract Background Children are substantially affected by enteric fever in most settings with a high burden of the disease, which could be due to immune naivety, or enhanced risk exposure pathogen. Although Nepal is setting for fever, bacterial population structure and transmission dynamics poorly delineated young children, proposed target group immunization programs. Methods Blood culture surveillance amongst children aged 2 months 15 years age was conducted at Patan Hospital between 2008...
New diagnostic tests for the aetiology of childhood pneumonia are needed. We evaluated antibody-in-lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) assay to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) G secretion from ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture, as a potential test pneumococcal pneumonia. enrolled 348 children with admitted Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal between December 2015 and September 2016. PBMCs sampled participants were incubated 48 h before harvesting culture (ALS). used...
Reduction in detection of asymptomatic carriage Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) can be used to assess vaccine impact. In Nepal, routine vaccination against Hib children at 6, 10, and 14 weeks age was introduced 2009. Before introduction, estimated 5.0% among aged <13 years with higher rates under 5. Large-scale evaluation has not been investigated since the introduction pentavalent diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis/Hib/hepatitis B (DTP-Hib-HepB) Nepal.A total 666 oropharyngeal swabs were...
We evaluated whether the quantification of IgG to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides is an accurate diagnostic test for infection in children with pneumonia Nepal. Children did not have higher convalescent, or fold change, than other causes pneumonia. Caution needed interpreting antibody responses infections.
In the era of growing antimicrobial resistance, there is a concern about effectiveness first-line antibiotics such as ampicillin in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. this study, we describe antibiotic use and treatment outcomes among under-five pneumonia admitted to tertiary care public hospital Nepal from 2017 2019. cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis data, were 659 patients 30% them had history prehospital use. Irrespective use, monotherapy (70%) was...
Invited Lecture AbstractsISPPD-0534 Pneumococcal Colonization and Carriage: GENOMICS AND PNEUMOCOCCAL EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE NASOPHARYNXC. Chewapreecha1, S.R. Harris1, N.J. Croucher2, C. Turner3, P. Marttinen4, L. Cheng5, A. Pessia5, D. Aanensen6, S.J. Salter1, A.E. Mather1, A.J. Page1, F. Nosten7, Goldblatt8, J. Corander5, Parkhill1, S.D. Bentley11Pathogen genomics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 2Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics, Harvard School of...
Inactivated, viral vector and mRNA vaccines have been used in the Nepali COVID-19 vaccination programme but there is little evidence on effectiveness of these this setting. The aim study to describe vaccine Nepal provide information infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants. This a hospital-based, prospective test-negative case-control conducted at Patan Hospital, Kathmandu. All patients >18 years age presenting Hospital COVID-19-like symptoms who received antigen/PCR test are eligible for...
Abstract Background Universal immunisation is the cornerstone of preventive medicine for children, The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine administered at 6, 10 and 14 weeks age as part routine immunisation. However, globally, more than 17 unique DTP-containing schedules are in use. New vaccines other diseases continue to be introduced into infant schedule, resulting an increasingly crowded schedule. OptImms trial will assess whether antibody...
The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has had a substantial impact on invasive disease. Previously, we compared immunity following vaccination with the 10-valent (PCV10) administered at 2 slightly different schedules: 6 and 10 weeks of age, 14 both followed by 9-month booster. In this study, up those participants to evaluate medium-term persistence serotype-specific 2-3 years age.Children from previous studies were contacted after taking informed consent their parents, blood samples...