A5006169378- Neurofibromatosis and Schwannoma Cases
- Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
- Tumors and Oncological Cases
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Sarcoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Multiple Myeloma Research and Treatments
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Neuroblastoma Research and Treatments
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Meningioma and schwannoma management
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Immune Response and Inflammation
The Pirbright Institute
2020-2025
University of Plymouth
2016-2024
National Institute for Biological Standards and Control
2019
Inserm
2017
Sorbonne Université
2015-2017
Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses
2015-2017
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2017
Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry
2016
Abstract There is an urgent need for influenza vaccines providing broader protection that may decrease the annual immunization of human population. We investigated efficacy heterologous prime boost with chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAdOx2) and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectored vaccines, expressing conserved virus nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein 1 (M1) neuraminidase (NA) in H1N1pdm09 pre-exposed pigs. compared intra-nasal, aerosol intra-muscular vaccine delivery against H3N2 challenge....
CD8+ T cells recognize HIV-1 epitopes translated from a gene's primary reading frame (F1) and any one of its five alternative frames (ARFs) in the forward (F2, F3) or reverse (R1-3) directions. The 3' end HIV-1's proviral coding strand contains conserved sequence that is directly overlapping but antiparallel to env gene (ARF R2) encodes for putative antisense protein called ASP. ASP expression has been demonstrated vitro using HIV-transfected cell lines infected cells. Although antibodies...
Abstract A vaccine providing both powerful Ab and cross-reactive T cell immune responses against influenza viruses would be beneficial for humans pigs. In this study, we evaluated i.m., aerosol (Aer), simultaneous systemic respiratory immunization (SIM) by routes in Babraham pigs, using the single cycle candidate S-FLU. After prime boost immunization, pigs were challenged with H1N1pdm09 virus. i.m.-immunized generated a high titer of neutralizing Abs but poor responses, whereas Aer induced...
Introduction Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and Nairobi sheep disease (NSDV) are orthonairoviruses of concern, able to cause haemorragic in humans sheep, respectively. CCHFV NSDV cocirculating small ruminant populations across South Asia East Africa. Cross-reactivity viruses the Orthonairovirus genus can potentially interfere with serological assays when employed for serosurveillance regions where two or more members overlap their distribution. Methods In this study, sera...
Deficiency of the tumor suppressor Merlin causes development schwannoma, meningioma, and ependymoma tumors, which can occur spontaneously or in hereditary disease neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). mutations are also relevant a variety other tumors. Surgery radiotherapy current first-line treatments; however, tumors frequently recur with limited treatment options. Here, we use human Merlin-negative schwannoma meningioma primary cells to investigate involvement endogenous retrovirus HERV-K...
A variety of signals influence the capacity dendritic cells (DCs) to mount potent antiviral cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) responses. In particular, innate immune sensing by pathogen recognition receptors, such as TLR and C-type lectines, influences DC biology affects their susceptibility HIV infection. Yet, whether combined effects PPRs triggering infection HIV-specific (HS) CTL responses remain enigmatic. Here, we dissect impact receptors on maturation, infection, quality HS activation....
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of innate-like that utilize semi-invariant cell receptor (TCR) α chain and restricted by the highly conserved antigen presenting molecule MR1. MR1 presents microbial riboflavin biosynthesis derived metabolites produced bacteria fungi. Consistent with their ability to sense ligands from bacterial sources, MAIT have been associated immune response variety infections, such as Mycobacterium spp., Salmonella spp. Escherichia coli. To...
Porcine respiratory disease is multifactorial and most commonly involves pathogen co-infections. Major contributors include swine influenza A (swIAV) porcine reproductive syndrome (PRRSV) viruses. Experimental co-infection studies with these two viruses have shown that clinical outcomes can be exacerbated, but how innate adaptive immune responses contribute to pathogenesis control has not been thoroughly evaluated. We investigated following experimental simultaneous of pigs swIAV H3N2...
Abstract Background The cell-surface attachment protein (Env) of the HERV-K(HML-2) lineage endogenous retroviruses is a potentially attractive tumour-associated antigen for anti-cancer immunotherapy. human genome contains around 100 integrated copies (called proviruses or loci) virus and we argue that it important therapy development to know which how many these contribute expression, this varies across tissues. We measured relative provirus expression in HERV-K(HML-2), using enriched...
The porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is responsible for significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Porcine reproductive and syndrome virus (PRRSV) swine influenza are major viral contributors to PRDC. Vaccines cost-effective measures controlling PRRS, however, their efficacy context of co-infections has been poorly investigated. In this study, we aimed determine effect PRRSV-2 H3N2 co-infection on PRRSV modified live (MLV) vaccination, which widely used field....
There is a critical need to develop superior influenza vaccines that provide broader protection. Influenza are traditionally tested in naive animals, although humans exposed the first years of their lives, but impact prior exposure on vaccine immune responses has not been well studied. Pigs an important natural host for influenza, source pandemic viruses, and excellent model human influenza. Here, we investigated immunogenicity ChAdOx2 viral vectored vaccine, expressing nucleoprotein, matrix...
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a priority emerging disease. CCHF, caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), can lead to in humans with severe cases often having fatal outcomes. CCHFV maintained within tick-vertebrate-tick cycle, which includes domestic animals. Domestic animals infected do not show clinical signs of disease and presence antibodies serum provide evidence their exposure virus. Current serological tests are specific either one antigen or whole antigen. Here, we present...
Meningioma and schwannoma are common tumours of the nervous system. They occur sporadically or as part hereditary NF2-related schwannomatosis syndrome. There is an unmet need for new effective drug treatments both tumour types. In this paper, we demonstrate overexpression/activation TAM (TYRO3/AXL/MERTK) receptors (TAMs) overexpression/release ligand GAS6 in patient-derived meningioma cells tissue. For first time, reveal formation MERTK/TYRO3 heterocomplexes We dependence AXL TYRO3...
Abstract BACKGROUND Meningioma are common tumours of the nervous system. They occur sporadically or as part hereditary NF2-related schwannomatosis syndrome. There is an unmet need for new effective drug treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analysed tumour tissue and used cell culture including 3D cultures also PDX models applying different functional read outs after pharmacological inhibition knock down. This was complemented by Western blots, co-IP, RNA seq proteomic analysis. RESULTS...
Abstract Deficiency of the tumor suppressor Merlin causes development schwannoma, meningioma and ependymoma tumors. These can occur spontaneously or in hereditary disease Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). mutations are also relevant a variety other Currently available treatments surgery radiosurgery which only partially effective, with tumors frequently reoccurring case often as higher grade. There is an urgent need for effective drug treatments.In this study, we investigated role Human...
Retroviral replication leaves a DNA copy in the host cell chromosome, and over millions of years such infection germline cells has led to our genome sequence containing ~100,000 endogenous retrovirus (ERV) loci. Over time these loci have accrued mutations as premature stop codons that prevent continued replication. However, many remain transcriptionally translationally active today ERVs been implicated interacting with immune system. Using archived plasma tissue samples from past experiments...
Abstract Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a population of innate-like that utilise semi-invariant cell receptor (TCR) α chain and restricted by the highly conserved antigen presenting molecule MR1. MR1 presents microbial riboflavin biosynthesis derived metabolites produced bacteria fungi. Consistent with their ability to sense ligands from bacterial sources, MAIT have been associated immune response variety infections, such as Mycobacterium spp ., Salmonella spp. Escherichia...
Abstract The porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is responsible for significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Porcine reproductive and syndrome virus (PRRSV) swine influenza are major viral contributors to PRDC. Vaccines cost-effective measures controlling PRRS, however, their efficacy context of co-infections has been poorly investigated. In this study, we aimed determine effect PRRSV-2 H3N2 co-infection on PRRSV modified live (MLV) vaccination, which widely used...
Abstract Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) is a genetic disorder caused by loss of the tumour suppressor Merlin leading to development multiple tumours nervous system such as schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas. Merlin-deficient may also occur sporadically including all 50-60% 29-38% Loss functional have been observed in other e.g. mesothelioma, melanoma, portion glioma, prostate breast cancers. Current therapies for tumours, comprising surgery radiosurgery are invasive not fully effective...