A5049299884- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Burkholderia infections and melioidosis
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
University of Surrey
2014-2024
Animal and Plant Health Agency
2012-2024
UK Health Security Agency
2021-2024
University of Cambridge
2023
Ball State University
2023
Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust
2023
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
2023
Public Health England
2019-2022
University of Oxford
2022
Guildford Hospital
2016
There is a vital need for authentic COVID-19 animal models to enable the pre-clinical evaluation of candidate vaccines and therapeutics. Here we report dose titration study SARS-CoV-2 in ferret model. After high (5 × 106 pfu) medium 104 virus delivered, intranasally, viral RNA shedding upper respiratory tract (URT) observed 6/6 animals, however, only 1/6 ferrets show similar signs after low 102 challenge. Following sequential culls pathological mild multifocal bronchopneumonia approximately...
A novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been identified as the causative agent of current COVID-19 pandemic. Animal models, and in particular non-human primates, are essential to understand pathogenesis emerging diseases assess safety efficacy vaccines therapeutics. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 replicates upper lower respiratory tract causes pulmonary lesions both rhesus cynomolgus macaques. Immune responses against also similar species equivalent those reported milder infections convalescent...
SARS-CoV-2 remains a global threat to human health particularly as escape mutants emerge. There is an unmet need for effective treatments against COVID-19 which neutralizing single domain antibodies (nanobodies) have significant potential. Their small size and stability mean that nanobodies are compatible with respiratory administration. We report four (C5, H3, C1, F2) engineered homotrimers pmolar affinity the receptor binding (RBD) of spike protein. Crystal structures show C5 H3 overlap...
Understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to developing preventive and therapeutic strategies against COVID-19, in case severe illness but also when disease mild. The use appropriate experimental animal models remains central vivo exploration physiopathology antiviral strategies. This study describes intranasal ferrets hamsters with low doses low-passage clinical French isolate UCN19, describing levels, excretion, immune responses pathological patterns both species....
Despite an unprecedented global research effort on SARS-CoV-2, early replication events remain poorly understood. Given the clinical importance of emergent viral variants with increased transmission, there is urgent need to understand stages and transcription. We used single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridisation (smFISH) quantify positive sense RNA genomes 95% detection efficiency, while simultaneously visualising negative genomes, subgenomic RNAs, proteins. Our absolute quantification...
Abstract Background The mutational landscape of SARS-CoV-2 varies at the dominant viral genome sequence and minor genomic variant population. During COVID-19 pandemic, an early substitution in was D614G change spike protein, associated with increase transmissibility. Genomes are accompanied by a P323L polymerase (NSP12). However, is not thought to be under strong selective pressure. Results Investigation P323L/D614G substitutions population shows rapid emergence during containment phase...
Spike-based COVID-19 vaccines induce potent neutralizing antibodies but their efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants decreases. OVX033 is a recombinant protein composed of the full-length nucleocapsid (N) genetically fused to oligoDOM ® , self-assembling domain which improves antigen immunogenicity. including N as an antigenic target proposed new vaccine candidate providing broad-spectrum protection sarbecoviruses. demonstrated its ability trigger cross-reactive T cell responses and...
The drivers of tissue necrosis in Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli ulcer disease) have historically been ascribed solely to the directly cytotoxic action diffusible exotoxin, mycolactone. However, its role clinically evident vascular component disease aetiology remains poorly explained. We now dissected mycolactone’s effects on human primary endothelial cells vitro. show that mycolactone-induced changes morphology, adhesion, migration, and permeability are dependent at Sec61...
Nipah virus (NiV) is one of a group highly pathogenic viruses classified within the Henipavirus genus. Since 2012 at least 11 new henipa-like have been identified, including from locations and reservoir hosts; pathogenicity these has yet to be determined, but two them associated with morbidity, fatalities. The efficacy cross-reactivity vaccine candidates derived soluble glycoproteins both NiV Hendra (HeV) was evaluated in our recently established hamster model. Both preparations resulted...
Pre-emptive culling is becoming increasingly questioned as a means of controlling animal diseases, including classical swine fever (CSF). This has prompted discussions on the use emergency vaccination to control future CSF outbreaks in domestic pigs. Despite long history safe endemic areas, there paucity data aspects important strategies, such how rapidly CSFV vaccines would protect against transmission, and if this protection equivalent for all viral genotypes, highly divergent genotype 3...
Larvae of Galleria mellonella (Greater Wax Moth) have been shown to be susceptible Campylobacter jejuni infection and our study characterizes this model. Following with C. human isolates, bacteria were visible in the haemocoel gut challenged larvae, there was extensive damage gut. Bacteria found extracellular cell-associated fraction haemocoel, it that can survive insect cells. Finally, we used model screen a further 67 isolates belonging different MLST types. Isolates ST257 most virulent...
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) is the collective term given to group of bacteria that cause (TB) in mammals. It has been reported M. H37Rv, a standard reference MTBC strain, attenuated cattle compared bovis. However, as H37Rv was isolated early 1930s, and genetic variants are known exist, we sought revisit this question attenuation for by performing bovine experimental infection with recent isolate. Here report using bovis AF2122/97, BTB1558, latter 2008 during TB surveillance...
Impaired type I interferons (IFNs) production or signaling have been associated with severe COVID-19, further promoting the evaluation of recombinant IFNs as therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Syrian hamster model, we show that intranasal administration IFN-α starting one day pre-infection post-infection limited weight loss and decreased viral lung titers. By contrast, at onset symptoms three days had no impact on clinical course Our results provide evidence early IFN treatment is...
Abstract There is an urgent need for influenza vaccines providing broader protection that may decrease the annual immunization of human population. We investigated efficacy heterologous prime boost with chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAdOx2) and modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectored vaccines, expressing conserved virus nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein 1 (M1) neuraminidase (NA) in H1N1pdm09 pre-exposed pigs. compared intra-nasal, aerosol intra-muscular vaccine delivery against H3N2 challenge....
The mutation profile of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (lineage BA.1) variant posed a concern for naturally acquired and vaccine-induced immunity. We investigated ability prior infection with an early ancestral isolate (Australia/VIC01/2020, VIC01) to protect against disease caused by BA.1. established that BA.1 in naïve Syrian hamsters resulted less severe than comparable dose virus, fewer clinical signs including weight loss. present data show these observations were almost absent convalescent...