Adam Harding
A5001241770- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Malaria Research and Control
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- CAR-T cell therapy research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Complement system in diseases
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Diverse Music Education Insights
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques
- Reflective Practices in Education
- Biosensors and Analytical Detection
Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution
2025
Institute of Immunology
2025
University of Edinburgh
2023-2025
University of Oxford
2020-2023
Collaborative Group (United States)
2021
University of Bergen
2021
NHS Blood and Transplant
2021
Haukeland University Hospital
2021
Science Oxford
2021
Leeds College of Music
2020
The extent to which immune responses natural infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and immunization vaccines protect against variants of concern (VOC) is increasing importance. Accordingly, here we analyse antibodies T cells a recently vaccinated, UK cohort, alongside those recovering from in early 2020. We show that neutralization the VOC compared reference isolate original circulating lineage, B, reduced: more profoundly B.1.351 than for B.1.1.7, or...
SARS-CoV-2 remains a global threat to human health particularly as escape mutants emerge. There is an unmet need for effective treatments against COVID-19 which neutralizing single domain antibodies (nanobodies) have significant potential. Their small size and stability mean that nanobodies are compatible with respiratory administration. We report four (C5, H3, C1, F2) engineered homotrimers pmolar affinity the receptor binding (RBD) of spike protein. Crystal structures show C5 H3 overlap...
Highlights•Hypoxia downregulates SARS-CoV-2 receptors ACE2 and TMPRSS2 inhibits viral entry•Hypoxic signaling replication particle genesis via HIF-1α•HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors are a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19SummaryCOVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is global health issue with more than 2 million fatalities to date. Viral shaped cellular microenvironment, one important factor consider oxygen tension, in which hypoxia inducible (HIF) regulates...
Serological and plasmablast responses plasmablast-derived IgG monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been analysed in three COVID-19 patients with different clinical severities. Potent humoral were detected within 3 weeks of onset illness all the serological titre was elicited soon after or concomitantly peripheral response. An average 13.7% 3.5% MAbs reactive virus spike glycoprotein nucleocapsid, respectively. A subset anti-spike (10 32) cross-reacted other betacoronaviruses tested harboured...
Abstract Both natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and immunization a number of vaccines induce protective immunity. However, the ability such immune responses to recognize therefore protect against emerging variants is matter increasing importance. Such concern (VOC) include isolates lineage B1.1.7, first identified in UK, B1.351, South Africa. Our data confirm that VOC, particularly those substitutions at residues 484 417 escape neutralization by antibodies directed ACE2-binding Class 1...
Background: Following a single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, higher antibody titres are observed following prior SARS-CoV-2 infection than in infection-naive individuals, but T-cell responses less well defined.Methods: We sampled healthcare workers (HCWs) enrolled the UK PITCH study, before and after vaccination. measured spike-specific antibody, quantified by IFNγ ELISpot assay intracellular staining peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), comparing SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals to those...
Abstract The trajectories of acquired immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection are not fully understood. We present a detailed longitudinal cohort study UK healthcare workers prior vaccination, presenting April-June 2020 with asymptomatic or symptomatic infection. Here we show highly variable range responses, some which (T cell interferon-gamma ELISpot, N-specific antibody) wane over time, while others (spike-specific antibody, B memory ELISpot) stable. use...
Abstract Clinical immunity to malaria can reduce fever and lead asymptomatic infection but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To examine development of clinical immunity, we conducted a multi-cohort, repeat controlled human (CHMI) study with Plasmodium vivax , heterologous rechallenge P. falciparum . Malaria-naïve adults underwent CHMI up three times, at an interval 5 20 months, by administration red blood cells infected PvW1 clone. In final cohort study, subset participants 3D7...
Abstract Serological and plasmablast responses plasmablast-derived IgG monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been analysed in three COVID-19 patients with different clinical severities. Potent humoral were detected within 3 weeks of onset illness all the serological titre was elicited soon after or concomitantly peripheral response. An average 13.7% 13.0% MAbs reactive virus spike glycoprotein nucleocapsid, respectively. A subset anti-spike (10 32) over half anti-nucleocapsid (19 35)...
Abstract Both natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and immunization vaccines induce protective immunity. However, the extent to which such immune responses protect against emerging variants is of increasing importance. Such concern (VOC) include isolates lineage B.1.1.7, first identified in UK, B.1.351, South Africa. Our data confirm that VOC, particularly those substitutions at residues 484 417, escape neutralization by antibodies directed ACE2-binding Class 1 adjacent 2 epitopes but are...
Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in the fluid has important uses biotechnology, and is integral to many point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are a sensitive, well-established method measuring solutions. They use one ligand capture other detect target analyte. commonly achieved using colorimetric readout obtained upon reaction substrate with HRP-conjugated secondary ligand. Nanobodies, VHH...
Since its discovery, COVID-19 has rapidly spread across the globe and had a massive toll on human health, with infection mortality rates as high 10%, crippling impact world economy. Despite numerous advances, there remains an urgent need for accurate rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests better therapeutic treatment options. To contribute chemically distinct, non-protein-based affinity reagents, we report here identification of modified DNA-based aptamers that selectively bind to S1, S2, or...
Immunity to severe malaria is acquired quickly, operates independently of pathogen load, and represents a highly effective form disease tolerance. The mechanism that underpins tolerance remains unknown. We used human rechallenge model falciparum in which healthy adult volunteers were infected three times over 12 mo period track the development real-time. found parasitemia triggered hardwired innate immune response led systemic inflammation, pyrexia, hallmark symptoms clinical across first...
Background: Following a single dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, higher antibody titres are observed following prior SARS-CoV-2 infection than in infection-naive individuals, but T-cell responses less well defined. Methods: We sampled healthcare workers (HCWs) enrolled the UK PITCH study, before and after vaccination. measured spike-specific antibody, quantified by IFNγ ELISpot assay intracellular staining peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), comparing SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals to...
Combinatorial antibody libraries not only effectively reduce discovery to a numbers game, but enable documentation of the history responses in an individual. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has prompted wider application this technology meet public health challenge threats modern era. Herein, combinatorial human library constructed 20 years before disease 2019 (COVID-19) is used discover three highly potent antibodies that selectively bind SARS-CoV-2...
BACKGROUNDThe biology of Plasmodium vivax is markedly different from that P. falciparum; how this shapes the immune response to infection remains unclear. To address shortfall, we inoculated human volunteers with a clonal field isolate and tracked their through convalescence.METHODSParticipants were injected intravenously blood-stage parasites dynamics in real time by quantitative PCR. Whole blood samples used for high dimensional protein analysis, RNA sequencing, cytometry flight, temporal...
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is normally controlled by effective host immunity including innate, humoral and cellular responses. However, the trajectories correlates of acquired immunity, capacity memory responses months after to neutralise variants concern - which has important public health implications not fully understood. To address this, we studied a cohort 78 UK healthcare workers who presented in April June 2020 with symptomatic...
Background: Administration of potent anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) monoclonal antibodies has been shown to curtail viral shedding and reduce hospitalization in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.However, the structure-function analysis human anti-RBD its links formulation antibody cocktails remains largely elusive.Methods: Previously, we isolated a panel neutralizing from convalescent showed their neutralization efficacy vitro.Here, elucidate mechanism action dissect at epitope level,...
Abstract The ability of acquired immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 to protect after subsequent exposure emerging variants concern (VOC) such as B1.1.7 and B1.351 is currently high significance. Here, we use a hamster model COVID-19 show that prior infection with strain representative the original circulating lineage B induces protection from clinical signs upon challenge either or viruses, which recently emerged in UK South Africa, respectively. results indicate these emergent VOC may be...
Abstract Immunity to severe malaria is acquired quickly, operates independently of pathogen load and represents a highly effective form disease tolerance. The mechanism that underpins tolerance remains unknown. We developed human re-challenge model falciparum in which healthy adult volunteers were infected three times over 12 month period track the development real-time. found parasitemia triggered hardwired emergency host response led systemic inflammation, pyrexia hallmark symptoms...
ABSTRACT Combinatorial antibody libraries not only effectively reduce discovery to a numbers game, but enable documentation of the history responses in an individual. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has prompted wider application this technology meet public health challenge threats modern era. Herein, we used combinatorial human library constructed 20 years before COVID-19 discover three highly potent antibodies that selectively bind spike protein and neutralize authentic virus. Compared...
Evaluation of susceptibility to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOC) requires rapid screening tests for neutralising antibodies which provide protection.
<title>Abstract</title> SARS-CoV-2 remains a global threat to human health particularly as escape mutants emerge. There is an unmet need for effective treatments against COVID-19 which neutralizing single domain antibodies (nanobodies) have significant potential. Their small size and stability mean that nanobodies are compatible with respiratory administration. We report four (C5, H3, C1, F2) engineered homotrimers pmolar affinity the receptor binding (RBD) of spike protein. Crystal...
Abstract Both natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and immunization a number of vaccines induce protective immunity. However, the ability such immune responses to recognize therefore protect against emerging variants is matter increasing importance. Such concern (VOC) include isolates lineage B1.1.7, first identified in UK, B1.351, South Africa. Our data confirm that VOC, particularly those substitutions at residues 484 417 escape neutralization by antibodies directed ACE2-binding Class 1...