A5012766647- melanin and skin pigmentation
- Skin Protection and Aging
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- RNA regulation and disease
- Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Mast cells and histamine
- Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Contact Dermatitis and Allergies
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- interferon and immune responses
- Garlic and Onion Studies
United States Food and Drug Administration
2023-2024
New York University
2013-2024
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
2023-2024
NYU Langone Health
2009-2021
University of the Witwatersrand
1997-2019
University of California, Merced
2018
Osmania University
2009
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2004-2008
Sabin Vaccine Institute
2008
University of Cincinnati
2006-2007
The melanocortin 1 receptor gene is a main determinant of human pigmentation, and melanoma susceptibility gene, because its variants that are strongly associated with red hair color increase risk. To test experimentally the association between genotype susceptibility, we compared responses primary melanocyte cultures naturally expressing different to α-melanocortin ultraviolet radiation. We found expression 2 abolished response photoprotective effects, evidenced by lack functional coupling...
<ns4:p>Vitiligo, an acquired depigmentation disorder, manifests as white macules on the skin and can cause significant psychological stress stigmatization. Recent advances have shed light key components that drive disease onset progression well therapeutic approaches. Vitiligo be triggered by to melanin pigment-producing cells of skin, melanocytes. The triggers, which range from sunburn mechanical trauma chemical exposures, ultimately autoimmune response targets melanocytes, driving...
The processing of tyrosinase, which catalyzes the limiting reaction in melanin synthesis, was investigated melan-p1 melanocytes, are null at p locus. Endoglycosidase H digestion showed that a significant fraction tyrosinase retained endoplasmic reticulum. This retention could be rescued either by transfection cells with an epitope-tagged wild-typep transcript or treatment bafilomycin A1 ammonium chloride. We found reticulum contains amount protein, thus supporting role for within this...
Delineating the crosstalk between distinct signaling pathways is key to understanding diverse and dynamic responses of adult stem cells during tissue regeneration. Here, we demonstrate that Edn/EdnrB pathway can interact with other elicit cell functions EdnrB promotes proliferation differentiation melanocyte (McSCs), dramatically enhancing regeneration hair epidermal melanocytes. This effect dependent upon active Wnt initiated by ligand secretion from follicle epithelial niche. Further, this...
Abstract Background The objective of the present study was to determine prevalence intellectual disability (ID) and its associated disabilities in rural South African children aged 2–9 years. It undertaken eight villages district Bushbuckridge, Northern Province, Africa. Methods A two‐phase design utilized. first phase involved screening on a house‐to‐house basis by interviewing mothers or caregivers using an internationally validated questionnaire for detecting childhood developing...
Disorders, such as age spots, melasma and hyperpigmentation at sites of actinic damage, emanate from the augmentation an increased amount epidermal melanin.The ineptness current therapies in treating these conditions, well high cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, poor skin penetration low stability skin-depigmenting formulations led us to investigate new compounds that meet medical requirements for depigmentation agents. We have shown previously tyrosinase inhibitor deoxyArbutin (dA) is a more...
Pigmentation disorders span the genetic spectrum from single-gene autosomal recessive such as oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), dominant disorder piebaldism to X-linked ocular and multifactorial vitiligo. OCA connotes a group of that result in hypopigmented skin due decreased melanin production melanocytes loss visual acuity. There are four non-syndromic forms, OCA1-4, which classified based on gene is mutated ( tyrosinase , OCA2 - related protein 1 SLC45A2 respectively). Despite fact multiple...
The albino ( tyrosinase , Tyr c ), brown tyrosinase‐related protein 1 Tyrp1 b ) and slaty 2 tyrp2 slt loci are all involved in the regulation of melanogenesis. Phenotypes inbred mice mutant at two or more these not always explicable by simple summation established suspected catalytic functions gene products. These phenotypes suggest that relationships among proteins extend beyond obvious fact they catalyze different steps same melanogenic pathway, may also interact intimately such a way...
Mutations in the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) and human P genes lead to melanosomal defects ocular developmental abnormalities. Despite critical role played by gene product controlling tyrosinase processing melanosome biogenesis, its precise biological function is still not defined. We have expressed heterologously yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae study greater detail. Immunofluorescence studies revealed that reaches vacuolar membrane via prevacuolar compartment. Yeast cells expressing...
In certain cancers, MDM2 SNP309 has been associated with early tumor onset in women. melanoma, incidence rates are higher women than men among individuals less 40 years of age, but those older 50 melanoma is more frequent To investigate this difference, we examined the association SNP309, age at diagnosis, and gender patients.
Abstract Childhood disabilities, including intellectual disabilities (ID), are thought to occur in 5–17% of children developing countries around the world. In order identify and describe childhood occurring a rural South African population, as well context which they occur, study was carried out Bushbuckridge district poor northeast part country. Altogether, 6,692 were screened their homes eight villages using Ten Questions questionnaire. This questionnaire used by local‐trained...
Abstract Vitiligo, characterised by progressive melanocyte death, can be initiated exposure to vitiligo‐inducing phenols ( VIP s). s generate oxidative stress in melanocytes and activate the master antioxidant regulator NRF 2. While 2‐regulated antioxidants are reported protect from stress, role of 2 response monobenzone, a clinically relevant , has not been characterised. We hypothesised that activation may monobenzone‐induced toxicity. observed knockdown or NQO 1 PRDX 6 reduced viability,...
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is an inherited disorder resulting in hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. OCA type 2 (tyrosinase-positive) most common recessively among southern African Blacks. OCA2 also seen Caucasoids, but less frequent. The gene responsible for this albinism, P, human homolog mouse pink-eyed dilution gene. Mutations at locus are milder phenotype individuals with brown oculocutaneous (BOCA). A P mutation was identified Black individuals, has since been shown to...